scholarly journals A Perspective on Terahertz Next-Generation Wireless Communications

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. O’Hara ◽  
Sabit Ekin ◽  
Wooyeol Choi ◽  
Ickhyun Song
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Terahertz Devices ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Dramatic Growth

In the past year, fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology has seen dramatic growth, spurred on by the continuing demand for faster data communications with lower latency. At the same time, many researchers argue that 5G will be inadequate in a short time, given the explosive growth of machine connectivity, such as the Internet-of-Things (IoT). This has prompted many to question what comes after 5G. The obvious answer is sixth-generation (6G), however, the substance of 6G is still very much undefined, leaving much to the imagination in terms of real-world implementation. What is clear, however, is that the next generation will likely involve the use of terahertz frequency (0.1–10 THz) electromagnetic waves. Here, we review recent research in terahertz wireless communications and technology, focusing on three broad topic classes: the terahertz channel, terahertz devices, and space-based terahertz system considerations. In all of these, we describe the nature of the research, the specific challenges involved, and current research findings. We conclude by providing a brief perspective on the path forward.

scholarly journals The Framework of 6G Self-Evolving Networks and the Decision-Making Scheme for Massive IoT

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9353
Author(s):  
Bei Liu ◽  
Jie Luo ◽  
Xin Su
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Resource ◽  
Evolving Networks ◽  
Distributed Decision Making ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Autonomous Decision ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Smart Traffic ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The increasingly huge amount of device connections will transform the Internet of Things (IoT) into the massive IoT. The use cases of massive IoT consist of the smart city, digital agriculture, smart traffic, etc., in which the service requirements are different and even constantly changing. To fulfill the different requirements, the networks must be able to automatically adjust the network configuration, architectures, resource allocations, and other network parameters according to the different scenarios to match the different service requirements in massive IoT, which are beyond the abilities of the fifth generation (5G) networks. Moreover, the sixth generation (6G) networks are expected to have endogenous intelligence, which can well support the massive IoT application scenarios. In this paper, we first propose the framework of the 6G self-evolving networks, in which the autonomous decision-making is one of the vital parts. Then, we introduce the autonomous decision-making methods and analyze the characteristics of the different methods and mechanisms for 6G networks. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we consider one of the typical scenarios of massive IoT and propose an artificial intelligence (AI)-based distributed decision-making algorithm to solve the problem of the offloading policy and the network resource allocation. Simulation results show that the proposed decision-making algorithm with the self-evolving networks can improve the quality of experience (QoE) compared with the lower training.

Detection of delamination in composites by using electromagnetic penetrating radar

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Z. Mechbal ◽  
A. Khamlichi
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave Propagation ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Partial Reflection ◽  
Straight Path ◽  
Reflected Signal ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Intervening Factors

Composites made from E-glass/epoxy or aramid/epoxy are frequently used in aircraft and aerospace industries. These materials are prone to suffer from the presence of delamination, which can reduce severely the performance of aircrafts and even threaten their safety. Since electric conductivity of these composites is rather small, they can propagate electromagnetic waves. Detection of delamination damage can then be monitored by using an electromagnetic penetrating radar scanner, which consists of emitting waves having the form of short time pulses that are centered on a given work frequency. While propagating, these waves undergo partial reflection when running into an obstacle or a material discontinuity. Habitually, the radar is moved at constant speed along a straight path and the reflected signal is processed as a radargram that gives the reflected energy as function of the two-way time and the antenna position.In this work, modeling of electromagnetic wave propagation in composites made from E-glass/epoxy was performed analytically. The electromagnetic wave reflection from a delamination defect was analyzed as function of key intervening factors which include the defect extent and depth, as well as the work frequency. Various simulations were performed and the obtained results have enabled to correlate the reflection pattern image features to the actual delamination defect characteristics which can provide quantification of delamination.

scholarly journals Energy-Constrained Design of Joint NOMA-Diversity Schemes with Imperfect Interference Cancellation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4194
Author(s):  
Fulvio Babich ◽  
Giulia Buttazzoni ◽  
Francesca Vatta ◽  
Massimiliano Comisso
Keyword(s):  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Code Modulation ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Internet Of Things

This study proposes a set of novel random access protocols combining Packet Repetition (PR) schemes, such as Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha (CRDSA) and Irregular Repetition SA (IRSA), with Non Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). Differently from previous NOMA/CRDSA and NOMA/IRSA proposals, this work analytically derives the energy levels considering two realistic elements: the residual interference due to imperfect Interference Cancellation (IC), and the presence of requirements on the power spent for the transmission. More precisely, the energy-limited scenario is based on the relationship between the average available energy and the selected code modulation pair, thus being of specific interest for the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology in forthcoming fifth-generation (5G) systems. Moreover, a theoretical model based on the density evolution method is developed and numerically validated by extensive simulations to evaluate the limiting throughput and to explore the actual performance of different NOMA/PR schemes in energy-constrained scenarios.

Maximizing piezoelectricity by self-assembled highly porous perovskite–polymer composite films to enable the internet of things

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (27) ◽  
pp. 13619-13629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Abdullah Khan ◽  
Md Masud Rana ◽  
Guangguang Huang ◽  
Nanqin Mei ◽  
Resul Saritas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Highly Porous

A high-performance perovskite/polymer piezoelectric nanogenerator for next generation self-powered wireless micro/nanodevices.

scholarly journals Next Generation Air Quality Platform: Openness and Interoperability for the Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kotsev ◽  
Sven Schade ◽  
Massimo Craglia ◽  
Michel Gerboles ◽  
Laurent Spinelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Technology in the Idea Generation Process: Voices from the Agency

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Blakeman ◽  
Maureen Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Idea Generation ◽  
Digital Natives ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Research Findings

Today's advertising students are digital natives who grew up embracing technology in all facets of their lives. This study reports the results of a survey of 39 advertising creatives and art directors as they described the role that technology plays in the conceptualization process at advertising agencies around the country. The findings suggest that idea generation is still developed with pen and paper, but that computers are best suited for the final designs, as the ideation process moves to production. The research findings suggest ways forward in advertising pedagogy, especially curricula in the design sequences, as advertising educators teach the next generation of creatives.

scholarly journals IoT-Fog A Communication Framework using Blockchain in the Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Communication Framework ◽  
Generation Computing ◽  
The Internet Of Things

<p>The fog computing is the emerging technology to compute, store, control and connecting smart devices with each other using cloud computing. The Internet of Things (IoT) is an architecture of uniquely identified interrelated physical things, these physical things are able to communicate with each other and can transmit and receive information. <a>This research presents a framework of the combination of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Fog computing. The blockchain is also the emerging technology that provides a hyper, distributed, public, authentic ledger to record the transactions. Blockchains technology is a secured technology that can be a boon for the next generation computing. The combination of fog, blockchains, and IoT creates a new opportunity in this area. In this research, the author presents a middleware framework based on the blockchain, fog, and IoT. The framework is implemented and tested. The results are found positive. </a></p>

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