scholarly journals Implementation Framework for a Blockchain-Based Federated Learning Model for Classification Problems

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1116
Author(s):  
Zeba Mahmood ◽  
Vacius Jusas
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Zero Knowledge ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
The Past

This paper introduces a blockchain-based federated learning (FL) framework with incentives for participating nodes to enhance the accuracy of classification problems. Machine learning technology has been rapidly developed and changed from a global perspective for the past few years. The FL framework is based on the Ethereum blockchain and creates an autonomous ecosystem, where nodes compete to improve the accuracy of classification problems. With privacy being one of the biggest concerns, FL makes use of the blockchain-based approach to ensure privacy and security. Another important technology that underlies the FL framework is zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs), which ensure that data uploaded to the network are accurate and private. Basically, ZKPs allow nodes to compete fairly by only submitting accurate models to the parameter server and get rewarded for that. We have conducted an analysis and found that ZKPs can help improve the accuracy of models submitted to the parameter server and facilitate the honest participation of all nodes in FL.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF OIL PAINTING USING MACHINE LEARNING WITH VISUALIZED DEPTH INFORMATION

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 617-623
Author(s):  
J. Kim ◽  
J. Y. Jun ◽  
M. Hong ◽  
H. Shim ◽  
J. Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Oil Painting ◽  
Model Classification ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Dimensional Shape

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the past few decades, a number of scholars studied painting classification based on image processing or computer vision technologies. Further, as the machine learning technology rapidly developed, painting classification using machine learning has been carried out. However, due to the lack of information about brushstrokes in the photograph, typical models cannot use more precise information of the painters painting style. We hypothesized that the visualized depth information of brushstroke is effective to improve the accuracy of the machine learning model for painting classification. This study proposes a new data utilization approach in machine learning with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) images, which maximizes the visualization of a three-dimensional shape of brushstrokes. Certain artist’s unique brushstrokes can be revealed in RTI images, which are difficult to obtain with regular photographs. If these new types of images are applied as data to train in with the machine learning model, classification would be conducted including not only the shape of the color but also the depth information. We used the Convolution Neural Network (CNN), a model optimized for image classification, using the VGG-16, ResNet-50, and DenseNet-121 architectures. We conducted a two-stage experiment using the works of two Korean artists. In the first experiment, we obtained a key part of the painting from RTI data and photographic data. In the second experiment on the second artists work, a larger quantity of data are acquired, and the whole part of the artwork was captured. The result showed that RTI-trained model brought higher accuracy than Non-RTI trained model. In this paper, we propose a method which uses machine learning and RTI technology to analyze and classify paintings more precisely to verify our hypothesis.</p>

scholarly journals Review of Machine Learning Technologies and Neural Networks in Drug Synergy Combination pharmacological research

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Artur S. Ter-Levonian ◽  
Konstantin A. Koshechkin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Drug Synergy ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Nowadays an increase in the amount of information creates the need to replace and update data processing technologies. One of the tasks of clinical pharmacology is to create the right combination of drugs for the treatment of a particular disease. It takes months and even years to create a treatment regimen. Using machine learning (in silico) allows predicting how to get the right combination of drugs and skip the experimental steps in a study that take a lot of time and financial expenses. Gradual preparation is needed for the Deep Learning of Drug Synergy, starting from creating a base of drugs, their characteristics and ways of interacting. Aim: Our review aims to draw attention to the prospect of the introduction of Deep Learning technology to predict possible combinations of drugs for the treatment of various diseases. Materials and methods: Literary review of articles based on the PUBMED project and related bibliographic resources over the past 5 years (2015–2019). Results and discussion: In the analyzed articles, Machine or Deep Learning completed the assigned tasks. It was able to determine the most appropriate combinations for the treatment of certain diseases, select the necessary regimen and doses. In addition, using this technology, new combinations have been identified that may be further involved in preclinical studies. Conclusions: From the analysis of the articles, we obtained evidence of the positive effects of Deep Learning to select “key” combinations for further stages of preclinical research.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Type-2 Diabetes Using Federated Learning

2020 ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
M. Lincy ◽  
A. Meena Kowshalya
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Privacy And Security

Data privacy and security are incredibly important in the healthcare industry. Federated learning is a new way of training a machine learning algorithm using distributed data which is not hosted in a centralized server. Numerous centralized machine learning models exists in literature but none offers privacy to users’ data. This paper proposes a federated learning approach for early detection of Type-2 Diabetes among patients. A simple federated architecture is exploited for early detection of Type-2 diabetes. We compare the proposed federated learning model against our centralised approach. Experimental results prove that the federated learning model ensures significant privacy over centralised learning model whereas compromising accuracy for a subtle extend.

scholarly journals Machine learning building price prediction with green building determinant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Thuraiya Mohd ◽  
Syafiqah Jamil ◽  
Suraya Masrom
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Price Prediction ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Housing Issue

In the era of Industrial 4.0, many urgent issues in the industries can be effectively solved with artificial intelligence techniques, including machine learning. Designing an effective machine learning model for prediction and classification problems is an ongoing endeavor. Besides that, time and expertise are important factors that are needed to tailor the model to a specific issue, such as the green building housing issue. Green building is known as a potential approach to increase the efficiency of the building. To the best of our knowledge, there is still no implementation of machine learning model on GB valuation factors for building price prediction compared to conventional building development. This paper provides a report of an empirical study that model building price prediction based on green building and other common determinants. The experiments used five common machine learning algorithms namely Linear Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Ridge and Lasso tested on a set of real building datasets that covered Kuala Lumpur District, Malaysia. The result showed that the Random Forest algorithm outperforms the other four algorithms on the tested dataset and the green building determinant has contributed some promising effects to the model.

A Comparative Study of Different Machine Learning Algorithms for Disease Prediction

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Anantvir Singh Romana
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Disease Prediction ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Neural Network Classifiers ◽  
Diagnostic Detection

Accurate diagnostic detection of the disease in a patient is critical and may alter the subsequent treatment and increase the chances of survival rate. Machine learning techniques have been instrumental in disease detection and are currently being used in various classification problems due to their accurate prediction performance. Various techniques may provide different desired accuracies and it is therefore imperative to use the most suitable method which provides the best desired results. This research seeks to provide comparative analysis of Support Vector Machine, Naïve bayes, J48 Decision Tree and neural network classifiers breast cancer and diabetes datsets.

Machine Learning Accelerated Genetic Algorithms for Computational Materials Search

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Lysgaard ◽  
Paul C. Jennings ◽  
Jens Strabo Hummelshøj ◽  
Thomas Bligaard ◽  
Tejs Vegge
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Energy Calculations ◽  
Atomic Distribution ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Computational Materials

A machine learning model is used as a surrogate fitness evaluator in a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization of the atomic distribution of Pt-Au nanoparticles. The machine learning accelerated genetic algorithm (MLaGA) yields a 50-fold reduction of required energy calculations compared to a traditional GA.

Adsorption Isotherm Predictions for Multiple Molecules in MOFs Using the Same Deep Learning Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryther Anderson ◽  
Achay Biong ◽  
Diego Gómez-Gualdrón
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Molecular Simulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Metal Organic

<div>Tailoring the structure and chemistry of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) enables the manipulation of their adsorption properties to suit specific energy and environmental applications. As there are millions of possible MOFs (with tens of thousands already synthesized), molecular simulation, such as grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC), has frequently been used to rapidly evaluate the adsorption performance of a large set of MOFs. This allows subsequent experiments to focus only on a small subset of the most promising MOFs. In many instances, however, even molecular simulation becomes prohibitively time consuming, underscoring the need for alternative screening methods, such as machine learning, to precede molecular simulation efforts. In this study, as a proof of concept, we trained a neural network as the first example of a machine learning model capable of predicting full adsorption isotherms of different molecules not included in the training of the model. To achieve this, we trained our neural network only on alchemical species, represented only by their geometry and force field parameters, and used this neural network to predict the loadings of real adsorbates. We focused on predicting room temperature adsorption of small (one- and two-atom) molecules relevant to chemical separations. Namely, argon, krypton, xenon, methane, ethane, and nitrogen. However, we also observed surprisingly promising predictions for more complex molecules, whose properties are outside the range spanned by the alchemical adsorbates. Prediction accuracies suitable for large-scale screening were achieved using simple MOF (e.g. geometric properties and chemical moieties), and adsorbate (e.g. forcefield parameters and geometry) descriptors. Our results illustrate a new philosophy of training that opens the path towards development of machine learning models that can predict the adsorption loading of any new adsorbate at any new operating conditions in any new MOF.</div>

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