scholarly journals Optical-Cavity-Induced Current

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Garret Moddel ◽  
Ayendra Weerakkody ◽  
David Doroski ◽  
Dylan Bartusiak
Keyword(s):  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Fast Transport ◽  
Cavity Thickness ◽  
Metal Layers ◽  
Electrical Output

The formation of a submicron optical cavity on one side of a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) tunneling device induces a measurable electrical current between the two metal layers with no applied voltage. Reducing the cavity thickness increases the measured current. Eight types of tests were carried out to determine whether the output could be due to experimental artifacts. All gave negative results, supporting the conclusion that the observed electrical output is genuinely produced by the device. We interpret the results as being due to the suppression of vacuum optical modes by the optical cavity on one side of the MIM device, which upsets a balance in the injection of electrons excited by zero-point fluctuations. This interpretation is in accord with observed changes in the electrical output as other device parameters are varied. A feature of the MIM devices is their femtosecond-fast transport and scattering times for hot charge carriers. The fast capture in these devices is consistent with a model in which an energy ∆E may be accessed from zero-point fluctuations for a time ∆t, following a ∆E∆t uncertainty-principle-like relation governing the process.

scholarly journals Optical Resonators based on Casimir Forces -INVITED

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 10003
Author(s):  
Sol Carretero-Palacios ◽  
Victoria Esteso ◽  
Hernán Míguez
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Optical Resonators ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Casimir Forces ◽  
Equilibrium Distance ◽  
High Q ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Cavity Design ◽  
Cavity Thickness

The work here presented demonstrates theoretically that it is possible to create optical resonators based on levitation properties of thin films subjected to repulsive Casimir-Lifshitz forces. Our optical cavity design is made up of commonly found materials, such as silicon oxide, polystyrene or gold, with glycerol as a mediating medium, which supports high Q-factor optical modes at visible frequencies. The balance between flotation and repulsive Casimir-Lifshitz forces in the system allows the fine-tuning of the optical cavity thickness and hence its modes. Finally, we show that well-defined spectral features in the reflectivity allows by indirect means, an accurate prediction of the estimated equilibrium distance at which some part of the optical cavity arrangement levitates.

scholarly journals Angular dependence of optical modes in metal-insulator-metal coupled quantum well infrared photodetector

AIP Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 045205 ◽  
Author(s):  
YouLiang Jing ◽  
ZhiFeng Li ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
PingPing Chen ◽  
XiaoHao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Well ◽  
Angular Dependence ◽  
Infrared Photodetector ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Coupled Quantum Well

Bi-directional photonic switch and optical data storage in a hybrid optomechanical system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surabhi Yadav ◽  
Aranya B Bhattacherjee
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Acoustic Mode ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Optomechanical System ◽  
Photonic Switch ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Optical Nonreciprocity

We propose to achieve quantum optical nonreciprocity in a hybrid qubit-optomechanical solid-state system. A two-level system (qubit) is coupled to a mechanically compliant mirror (via the linear Jaynes–Cummings interaction) placed in the middle of a solid-state optical cavity. We show for the first time that the generated optical bistability exhibits a bi-directional photonic switch, making the device a suitable candidate for a duplex communication system. On further exploring the fluctuation dynamics of the system, we found that the proposed device breaks the symmetry between forward and backward propagating optical modes (optical nonreciprocity), which can be controlled by tuning the various system parameters, including the qubit, which emerges as a new handle. The device thus behaves like an optical isolator and hence can store optical data in the acoustic mode, which can be retrieved later.

scholarly journals FA Approach on MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) Capacitor Failures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuang Shien Lee ◽  
Lai Khei Kuan
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Voltage Contrast ◽  
Metal Layers

Abstract MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) capacitor is a capacitor fabricated between metal layers and usually in an array form. Since it is usually buried within stack of back-end metal layers, neither front side nor backside FA fault isolation techniques can easily pinpoint the defect location of a failing MIM capacitor. A preliminary fault isolation (FI) often needs to be performed by biasing the desired failing state setup to highlight the difference(s) of FI site(s) between failing unit & reference. Then, a detailed study of the CAD (Computer Aided Design) schematic and die layout focusing on the difference(s) of FI site(s) will lead to a more in-depth analyses such as Focused Ion-Beam (FIB) circuit edit, micro-probing/nano-probing, Voltage Contrast (VC) and other available FA techniques to further identify the defective MIM capacitor. Once the defective MIM capacitor was identified, FIB cross-section or delayering can be performed to inspect the physical defect on the MIM capacitor. This paper presents the FA approach and challenges in successfully finding MIM capacitor failures.

scholarly journals Chaotic synchronization of two optical cavity modes in optomechanical systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Yang ◽  
Adam Miranowicz ◽  
Yong-Chun Liu ◽  
Keyu Xia ◽  
Franco Nori
Keyword(s):  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Chaotic Synchronization ◽  
Complete Synchronization ◽  
Optical Mode ◽  
Mechanical Resonator ◽  
Optomechanical System ◽  
Optomechanical Systems ◽  
Cavity Modes ◽  
Optical Modes

Abstract The synchronization of the motion of microresonators has attracted considerable attention. In previous studies, the microresonators for synchronization were studied mostly in the linear regime. While the important problem of synchronizing nonlinear microresonators was rarely explored. Here we present theoretical methods to synchronize the motions of chaotic optical cavity modes in an optomechanical system, where one of the optical modes is strongly driven into chaotic motion and transfers chaos to other weakly driven optical modes via a common mechanical resonator. This mechanical mode works as a common force acting on each optical mode, which, thus, enables the synchronization of states. We find that complete synchronization can be achieved in two identical chaotic cavity modes. For two arbitrary nonidentical chaotic cavity modes, phase synchronization can also be achieved in the strong-coupling small-detuning regime.

Systematic effects in observed parallaxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
R. B. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Error Estimates ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Absolute Zero ◽  
Apparent Magnitude ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
General Catalogue ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Right Ascension

Several outstanding problems affecting the existing parallaxes should be resolved to form a coherent system for the new General Catalogue proposed by van Altena, as well as to improve luminosity calibrations and other parallax applications. Lutz has reviewed several of these problems, such as: (A) systematic differences between observatories, (B) external error estimates, (C) the absolute zero point, and (D) systematic observational effects (in right ascension, declination, apparent magnitude, etc.). Here we explore the use of cluster and spectroscopic parallaxes, and the distributions of observed parallaxes, to bring new evidence to bear on these classic problems. Several preliminary results have been obtained.

STM of freeze-fracture replicas: Problems and promises

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
J. T. Woodward ◽  
J. A. N. Zasadzinski
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Atomic Resolution ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Organic Surfaces ◽  
Metal Layers ◽  
Conductive Surfaces

The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) offers exciting new ways of imaging surfaces of biological or organic materials with resolution to the sub-molecular scale. Rigid, conductive surfaces can readily be imaged with the STM with atomic resolution. Unfortunately, organic surfaces are neither sufficiently conductive or rigid enough to be examined directly with the STM. At present, nonconductive surfaces can be examined in two ways: 1) Using the AFM, which measures the deflection of a weak spring as it is dragged across the surface, or 2) coating or replicating non-conductive surfaces with metal layers so as to make them conductive, then imaging with the STM. However, we have found that the conventional freeze-fracture technique, while extremely useful for imaging bulk organic materials with STM, must be modified considerably for optimal use in the STM.

Impairment Questions and Answers

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Validity ◽  
Validity Testing ◽  
Symptom Validity Testing ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Tunnel Vision ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Blurry Vision ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation ◽  
Choice Testing ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract Symptom validity testing, also known as forced-choice testing, is a way to assess the validity of sensory and memory deficits, including tactile anesthesias, paresthesias, blindness, color blindness, tunnel vision, blurry vision, and deafness—the common feature of which is a claimed inability to perceive or remember a sensory signal. Symptom validity testing comprises two elements: A specific ability is assessed by presenting a large number of items in a multiple-choice format, and then the examinee's performance is compared with the statistical likelihood of success based on chance alone. Scoring below a norm can be explained in many different ways (eg, fatigue, evaluation anxiety, limited intelligence, and so on), but scoring below the probabilities of chance alone most likely indicates deliberate deception. The positive predictive value of the symptom validity technique likely is quite high because there is no alternative explanation to deliberate distortion when performance is below the probability of chance. The sensitivity of this technique is not likely to be good because, as with a thermometer, positive findings indicate that a problem is present, but negative results do not rule out a problem. Although a compelling conclusion is that the examinee who scores below probabilities is deliberately motivated to perform poorly, malingering must be concluded from the total clinical context.

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