scholarly journals Photovoltaic Modules Selection from Shading Effects on Different Materials

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2082
Author(s):  
Guoqian Lin ◽  
Samuel Bimenyimana ◽  
Ming-Lang Tseng ◽  
Ching-Hsin Wang ◽  
Yuwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Power Reduction ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Shading Effects

This study aims to provide photovoltaic module selection with better performance in the shading condition for improving production efficiency and reducing photovoltaic system investment cost through the symmetry concept, combining both solar energy mathematical and engineering principles. The study builds a symmetrical photovoltaic model and uses the series-parallel circuit theory, piecewise function and Matlab simulation. The voltage and current output characteristics of commercial photovoltaic modules made of different materials and structures are analyzed and their shading effects are evaluated. The results show that for each photovoltaic module, the output power is directly proportional to the irradiance. The output voltage of the photovoltaic module slightly increases and the output current greatly decreases from no shading to shading. The rate of output power reduction varies for each photovoltaic module type when the irradiance changes. The thin film modules show a lower output power reduction rate than crystalline photovoltaic modules from no shading to shading and they have good adaptability to shading. The use of thin film photovoltaic modules is recommended when the shading condition cannot be avoided.

scholarly journals Effect of dust deposition on the performance of photovoltaic modules in Taxila, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ali ◽  
Muhammad Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Nasir ◽  
Muzaffar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Module Efficiency

The air borne dust deposited on the surface of photovoltaic module influence the transmittance of solar radiations from the photovoltaic modules glazing surface. This experimental work aimed to investigate the effect of dust deposited on the surface of two different types of photovoltaic modules (monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon). Two modules of each type were used and one module from each pair was left exposed to natural atmosphere for three months of winter in Taxila, Pakistan. Systematic series of measurements were conducted for the time period of three months corresponding to the different dust densities. The difference between the output parameters of clean and dirty modules provided the information of percentage loss at different dust densities. The dust density deposited on the modules surface was 0.9867 mg/cm2 at the end of the study. The results showed that dust deposition has strong impact on the performance of photovoltaic modules. The monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules showed about 20% and 16% decrease of average output power, respectively, compared to the clean modules of same type. It was found that the reduction of module efficiency (?clean ? ?dirtv) in case of monocrystalline and polycrystalline module was 3.55% and 3.01%, respectively. Moreover the loss of output power and module efficiency in monocrystalline module was more compared to the polycrystalline module.

scholarly journals Validation of Shadow Effects on Solar Photovoltaic Modules Based on Module Positioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1022
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Photoelectric Effect ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Shading Effects ◽  
Load Conditions

Solar Energy is one of the cleanest forms of energy harnessed from the sunlight using semiconductors through photoelectric effect. This paper reviews the existing models to study the effect of partial shading conditions or varying irradiance on the solar modules. In this paper a PV module is simulated in Matlab/ Simulink using solar cell block from Simelectronics Library to study the effect of shadows on the output power under different panel positioning under different load conditions. The simulation results have been validated against the real time study and measurements. Both the simulation and experimental results confirm that the power loss due to shading effects in a solar photovoltaic module is influenced by the topology and the interconnection of the PV cells.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Various Photovoltaic Module Technologies at Nawabshah Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Abdul Rehman Jatoi ◽  
Saleem Raza Samo ◽  
Abdul Qayoom Jakhrani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Over The Top

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of module temperature on the efficiency of polycrystalline (p-Si), monocrystalline (m-Si), amorphous (a-Si) and thin film photovoltaic modules at outdoor environment of Nawabshah city Pakistan. The experimental setup was made and installed over the top roof of departmental building. Weather conditions, such as global solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed and relative humidity, power output and temperature of all selected four types of module technologies were measured at the site by logging data. Then, the logged data was normalized because of different rated power of photovoltaic modules for comparison purpose. Results revealed that less temperature impact was noted from thin film module and thus it gave more normalized power with 45.6% among other examined modules. On the basis of overall efficiency, p-Si, m-Si, a-Si and thin film modules gave 92.4%, 93.7%, 94.4% and 95.4% yearly average normalized efficiencies respectively. It was found that temperature has more impact on the efficiency of other examined modules compared to thin film modules. Thus, it is concluded from the study that thin film module is better in outdoor environment of Nawabshah

scholarly journals Experimental Application of Methods to Compute Solar Irradiance and Cell Temperature of Photovoltaic Modules

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2490
Author(s):  
Caio Felippe Abe ◽  
João Batista Dias ◽  
Gilles Notton ◽  
Ghjuvan Antone Faggianelli
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Solar irradiance and cell temperature are the most significant aspects when assessing the production of a photovoltaic system. To avoid the need of specific sensors for quantifying such parameters, recent literature presents methods to estimate them through electrical measurements, using the photovoltaic module itself as a sensor. This work presents an application of such methods to data recorded using a research platform at University of Corsica, in France. The methods and the platform are briefly presented and the results are shown and discussed in terms of normalized mean absolute errors (nMAE) and root mean square errors (nRMSE) for various irradiance and cell temperature levels. The nMAE (and nRMSE) for solar irradiance are respectively between 3.5% and 3.9% (4.2% and 4.7%). Such errors on computed irradiance are in the same order of magnitude as those found in the literature, with a simple implementation. For cell temperatures estimation, the nMAE and nRMSE were found to be in the range 3.4%–8.2% and 4.3%–10.7%. These results show that using such methods could provide an estimation for the values of irradiance and cell temperature, even if the modules are not new and are not regularly cleaned, but of course not partially shaded.

scholarly journals Effect of air quality and dust deposition on power generation performance of photovoltaic module on building roof

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidong Wang ◽  
Xiangzhe Meng ◽  
Jianbo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Generation Efficiency ◽  
Building Roof ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Power Generation Performance ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

Due to the dust deposition on the surface of photovoltaic modules and the air pollution, the power generation performance of photovoltaic modules will be significantly affected. In order to quantitatively estimate the effect of air quality and dust deposition on the power generation performance of photovoltaic modules, a distributed photovoltaic system on a building roof in Shanghai is studied in this paper. Both artificial and natural dust deposition conditions are tested in terms of the influence of these factors on the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The variation of solar radiation intensity with PM2.5 concentration in Shanghai and the variation of photovoltaic module power generation capacity with PM2.5 concentration are tested and analyzed. The experimental results show that the surface dust of photovoltaic module reduces the power and efficiency of photovoltaic module. Experimental comparison between the dusty photovoltaic module and clean photovoltaic module shows that the dust on photovoltaic modules can reduce the power and efficiency significantly, where the highest power generation decrease is 35.226% and the highest power generation efficiency decrease is 5.546% as indicated in the experiments. Result shows that the amount of solar radiation is exponentially correlated to the PM2.5 concentration. Practical application: The influence of air quality and dust deposition on the performance of distributed PV modules is of vital importance under severe particulate pollution in Shanghai. This research helps predict the degradation of the photovoltaic system power generation efficiency, and determine whether to clean up the dust on the photovoltaic system according to accumulated PM concentration. This reduces the cost of cleaning of the dust on photovoltaic system. This study provides theoretical and experimental basis for the design of the building roof mounted solar photovoltaic system according to the local haze condition.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Design of Power Controller of Two-Axis Solar Tracking by PID and FL for a Photovoltaic Module

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel J. Ontiveros ◽  
Carlos D. Ávalos ◽  
Faustino Loza ◽  
Néstor D. Galán ◽  
Guillermo J. Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Solar Tracker

Solar trackers represent an essential tool to increase the energy production of photovoltaic modules compared to fixed systems. Unlike previous technologies where the aim is to keep the solar rays perpendicular to the surface of the module and obtain a constant output power, this paper proposes the design and evaluation of two controllers for a two-axis solar tracker, which maintains the power that is produced by photovoltaic modules at their nominal value. To achieve this, mathematical models of the dynamics of the sun, the solar energy obtained on the Earth’s surface, the two-axis tracking system in its electrical and mechanical parts, and the solar cell are developed and simulated. Two controllers are designed to be evaluated in the solar tracking system, one Proportional-Integral-Derivative and the other by Fuzzy Logic. The evaluation of the simulations shows a better performance of the controller by Fuzzy Logic; this is because it presents a shorter stabilization time, a transient of smaller amplitude, and a lower percentage of error in steady-state. The principle of operation of the solar tracking system is to promote the orientation conditions of the photovoltaic module to generate the maximum available power until reaching the nominal one. This is possible because it has a gyroscope on the surface of the module that determines its position with respect to the hour angle and altitude of the sun; a data acquisition card is developed to implement voltage and current sensors, which measure the output power it produces from the photovoltaic module throughout the day and under any weather conditions. The results of the implementation demonstrate that a Fuzzy Logic control for a two-axis solar tracker maintains the output power of the photovoltaic module at its nominal parameters during peak sun hours.

RESULTS OF THE PERFORMANCE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A SOLAR CONCENTRATOR MODULE WITH A THERMAL-PHOTOVOLTAIC RECEIVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (41) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
DMITRIY STREBKOV ◽  
◽  
NATAL’YA FILIPPCHENKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex

In the field of energy supply to agro-industrial facilities, there is an increasing interest in the development of structures and engineering systems using renewable energy sources, including solar concentrator thermal and photovoltaic modules that combine photovoltaic modules and solar collectors in one structure. The use of the technology of concentrator heat and photovoltaic modules makes it possible to increase the electrical performance of solar cells by cooling them during operation, and significantly reduces the need for centralized electricity and heat supply to enterprises of the agroindustrial complex. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in numerical modeling of thermal processes occurring in a solar concentrator heat-photovoltaic module. (Materials and methods) Authors used analytical methods for mathematical modeling of a solar concentrator heat and photovoltaic module. Authors implemented a mathematical model of a solar concentrator heat and photovoltaic module in the ANSYS Fluent computer program. The distribution contours of temperature and pressure of the coolant in the module channel were obtained for different values of the coolant flow rate at the inlet. The verification of the developed model of the module on the basis of data obtained in an analytical way has been performed. (Results and discussion) The results of comparing the calculated data with the results of computer modeling show a high convergence of the information obtained with the use of a computer model, the relative error is within acceptable limits. (Conclusions) The developed design of the solar concentrator heat and photovoltaic module provides effective cooling of photovoltaic cells (the temperature of photovoltaic cells is in the operating range) with a module service life of at least twenty-five years. The use of a louvered heliostat in the developed design of a solar concentrator heat and photovoltaic module can double the performance of the concentrator.

Analysis of a Hybrid PV/T Concept Based on Wavelength Selective Films

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejas U. Ulavi ◽  
Jane H. Davidson ◽  
Tim Hebrink
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Optical Performance ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Pv Modules

The technical performance of a non-tracking hybrid PV/T concept that uses a wavelength selective film is modeled. The wavelength selective film is coupled with a compound parabolic concentrator to reflect and concentrate the infrared portion of the solar spectrum onto a tubular absorber while transmitting the visible portion of the spectrum to an underlying thin-film photovoltaic module. The optical performance of the CPC/selective film is obtained through Monte Carlo Ray-Tracing. The CPC geometry is optimized for maximum total energy generation for a roof-top application. Applied to a rooftop in Phoenix, Arizona USA, the hybrid PV/T provides 20% more energy compared to a system of the same area with independent solar thermal and PV modules, but the increase is achieved at the expense of a decrease in the electrical efficiency from 8.8% to 5.8%.

scholarly journals A Study of the Electrical Output and Reliability Characteristics of the Crystalline Photovoltaic Module According to the Front Materials

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Jong Rok Lim ◽  
Woo Gyun Shin ◽  
Chung Geun Lee ◽  
Yong Gyu Lee ◽  
Young Chul Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Film ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Tempered Glass ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Reliability Characteristics ◽  
Electrical Output

In recent years, various types of installations such as floating photovoltaic (PV) and agri-voltaic systems, and BIPV (building integrated photovoltaic system) have been implemented in PV systems and, accordingly, there is a growing demand for new PV designs and materials. In particular, in order to install a PV module in a building, it is important to reduce the weight of the module. The PV module in which low-iron, tempered glass is applied to the front surface, which is generally used, has excellent electrical output and reliability characteristics; however, it is heavy. In order to reduce the weight of the PV module, it is necessary to use a film or plastic-based material, as opposed to low-iron, tempered glass, on the front surface. However, if a material other than glass is used on the front of the PV module, various problems such as reduced electrical output and reduced reliability may occur. Therefore, in this paper, a PV module using a film instead of glass as the front surface was fabricated, and a characteristic analysis and reliability test were conducted. First, the transmittance and UV characteristics of each material were tested, and one-cell and 24-cell PV modules were fabricated and tested for electrical output and reliability. From the results, it was found that the transmittance and UV characteristics of the front material were excellent. In addition, the electrical output and reliability test results confirmed that the front-surface film was appropriate for use in a PV module.

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