scholarly journals Anthropometric Landmarks Extraction and Dimensions Measurement Based on ResNet

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1997
Author(s):  
Xun Wang ◽  
Baohua Liu ◽  
Yukun Dong ◽  
Shanchen Pang ◽  
Xixi Tao
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Ellipse Model ◽  
Division Point ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Dimensional Errors ◽  
2D Images ◽  
Shape Variance

Anthropometric dimensions can be acquired in 2D images by landmarks. Body shape variance causes low accuracy and bad robustness of landmarks extracted, and it is difficult to determine the position of axis division point when dimensions are calculated by the ellipse model. In this paper, landmarks are extracted from images by convolutional neural network instead of the gradient of body outline. A general multi-ellipse model is proposed, the anthropometric dimensions are obtained from the length of different elliptical segments and the position of axis division point is determined by thickness–width ratio of body parts. Finally, an evaluation is completed based on 87 subjects, in which it turns out that the average accuracy of our method for identifying landmarks is 96.6%, when the number of rotation angles is 2, the three main dimensional errors calculated by our model are smaller than existing method, and the errors of other dimensions are also within the margin of error for garment measuring.

Study on Circumference Calculation Method of Characteristic Body Parts Based on Two-Dimensional Image

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 2023-2027
Author(s):  
Ting Chen ◽  
Pin Ying Gu ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Hai Yan Kong ◽  
Guo Lian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Two Dimensional Image ◽  
Body Scanner ◽  
2D Images

In this research, 425 female college students aged from 18 to 26 were selected as samples, using 3D body scanner to get the body Point-cloud image, and measure the thickness, width and girth size of characteristic body parts(waist, abdomen, hip) ; By studying the circumferences sections of characteristic body parts, body type is classified according to thickness / width ratio; The correlation of circumference with thickness and width is analyzed, the circumference calculating equations for different body size is obtained, then the reasonableness of the method is tested, which providing a reference for the human body circumference automatically generated from 2D images.

scholarly journals Countershading enhances camouflage by reducing prey contrast

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1927) ◽  
pp. 20200477
Author(s):  
Callum G. Donohue ◽  
Jan M. Hemmi ◽  
Jennifer L. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Average Luminance ◽  
Fish Predators ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Three Dimensional Shape

A three-dimensional body shape is problematic for camouflage because overhead lighting produces a luminance gradient across the body's surface. Countershading, a form of patterning where animals are darkest on their uppermost surface, is thought to counteract this luminance gradient and enhance concealment, but the mechanisms of protection remain unclear. Surprisingly, no study has examined how countershading alters prey contrast, or investigated how the presence of a dorsoventral luminance gradient affects detection under controlled viewing conditions. It has also been suggested that the direction of the dorsoventral luminance gradient (darkest or lightest on top) may interfere with predators' abilities to resolve prey's three-dimensional shape, yet this intriguing idea has never been tested. We used live fish predators (western rainbowfish, Melanotaenia australis ) and computer-generated prey images to compare the detectability of uniformly pigmented (i.e. non-countershaded) prey with that of optimally countershaded prey of varying contrasts against the background. Optimally countershaded prey were difficult for predators to detect, and the probability and speed of detection depended on prey luminance contrast with the background. In comparison, non-countershaded prey were always highly detectable, even though their average luminance closely matched the luminance of the background. Our findings suggest that uniformly pigmented three-dimensional prey are highly conspicuous to predators because overhead lighting increases luminance contrast between different body parts or between the body and the background. We found no evidence for the notion that countershading interferes with predator perception of three-dimensional form.

Anlysis Methods of the Variation of Facial Size and Shape Based on 3d Face Scan Images

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1409-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lee ◽  
L Goto ◽  
J.F.M. Molenbroek ◽  
R.H.M. Goossens
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Body Scan ◽  
Facial Mask ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Dutch Children

3D scan images have been successfully applied in ergonomic product design. Features of human body parts (e.g., landmarks, measurements, curvatures, surfaces, volumes) extracted from 3D body scan images can be used to analyze variations of the size and shape of human bodies. The information of size and shape variations can be applied in product design to support technical ideas regarding accommodation, tolerance, and adjustability. This study is aimed to briefly introduce a few analysis methods of body shape variation using 3D facial scan images of Dutch children in order to acquire useful features for the design of a children’s facial mask.

PERILAKU BERPACARAN REMAJA KOS-KOSAN DI KOTA RUTENG, KABUPATEN MANGGARAI, NTT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Ambros Leonangung Edu ◽  
Fransiska Jaiman Madu ◽  
Mariana Jediut ◽  
Petrus Redy Partus Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Sexual Drive ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
Construction Permit ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dating Behaviors ◽  
Non Parametric

Research on the dating behavior of teens at boarding houses in Ruteng City consists of two parts - research on high school teenagers and college’s students teenagers. This report focuses on the results of research to students living at boarding houses. This study was designed to describe the dating behavior of teenage boarders in the Ruteng, Manggarai Regency. Sexual dating behavior that drives this research is about emerging forms of thinking about sexual drive for couples. Various forms, such as holding hands, hugging, kissing, touching sensitive body parts, and sexual intercourses. Based on this concept, dating behavior is grouped into 4 activities, dating, necking, petting, and intercourses. Getting data, the team used survey by quantitative approach. Data collection techniques consisted of questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Questions related to student dating behaviors. Questionnaire was supported by interview and observation. The total participants were 320 students who were dating in Ruteng. From the total and 95% confidence level, the team determined margin of error totally 5.3%. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical techniques and non-parametric statistics. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the condition of participants in terms of age, circumstances, and semester level. Non-parametric statistics were used to assess the significance of the relationship between age, circumstances, and semester variables for dating safety. Some of them have even been prominent in sexual relations. These facts were caused by unregulated environments. In Ruteng, the boarding houses do not have a construction permit because they do not have local regulations from the Manggarai regency government. This confirms the owner's mentality that is oriented to money and ignore the rules, do not limit male and female relations of boarders, and the desire of teenagers to make boarding as a safe dating place. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for local governments to issue local regulations.

scholarly journals A Novel Self-Intersection Penalty Term for Statistical Body Shape Models and Its Applications in 3D Pose Estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaiqiang Wu ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Lin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Pose Estimation ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
3D Pose Estimation ◽  
Penalty Term ◽  
Partial Derivatives ◽  
Shape Models ◽  
Low Dimensional

Statistical body shape models are widely used in 3D pose estimation due to their low-dimensional parameters representation. However, it is difficult to avoid self-intersection between body parts accurately. Motivated by this fact, we proposed a novel self-intersection penalty term for statistical body shape models applied in 3D pose estimation. To avoid the trouble of computing self-intersection for complex surfaces like the body meshes, the gradient of our proposed self-intersection penalty term is manually derived from the perspective of geometry. First, the self-intersection penalty term is defined as the volume of the self-intersection region. To calculate the partial derivatives with respect to the coordinates of the vertices, we employed detection rays to divide vertices of statistical body shape models into different groups depending on whether the vertex is in the region of self-intersection. Second, the partial derivatives could be easily derived by the normal vectors of neighboring triangles of the vertices. Finally, this penalty term could be applied in gradient-based optimization algorithms to remove the self-intersection of triangular meshes without using any approximation. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and generality of our proposed method compared with previous approaches. The experimental results show that our proposed penalty term can avoid self-intersection to exclude unreasonable predictions and improves the accuracy of 3D pose estimation indirectly. Further more, the proposed method could be employed universally in triangular mesh based 3D reconstruction.

scholarly journals Dealing With the Body Shaming Phenomenon in Cyberspace: Prevention and Challenges in Law Enforcement

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Dewi Bunga
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Negative Comments

Body shaming is one of the verbal crimes that exist in cyberspace. According to the Clarity Clinic, body shaming is the act of humiliating someone based on their body shape by mocking them. Launching the official website of the Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, body shaming is any act or practice of insulting other people's body shape or size, weight, hairstyle, dress and appearance. In this study, two problems will be discussed, namely 1) why body shaming act needs attention in criminal law policies and 2) how criminal law policies deal with body shaming. This research is a normative juridical research that examines legal norms regarding body shaming in Indonesia. Legal materials consist of primary and secondary legal materials collected through literature study. The analysis was carried out qualitatively. Body parts are used as objects to drop a person's image. Body shaming is a form of bullying or bullying. Practices like this can leave severe emotional trauma and disrupt the victim's mental health. The trauma experienced by the victim can even occur in the long term. This form of bullying can be carried out by the closest people such as parents, relatives, friends, strangers, to negative comments on social or conventional media. Body shaming act in cyberspace is a challenge in criminal law policy in Indonesia, both in the context of prevention and in law enforcement policies against perpetrators. Digital literacy is a very important pillar to understand that mocking someone's body shape is a crime.

scholarly journals WANDANING RINGGIT WACUCAL DALAM KAJIAN FILOLOGIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Candi Asri Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Single Text ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Free Translation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah sajian berupa deskripsi naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal, transliterasi dan suntingan naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal, serta terjemahan teks Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal. Data dan sumber data penelitian ini adalah naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal yang tersimpan di Museum Radya Pustaka Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode naskah tunggal. Terjemahan naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal menggunakan terjemahan bebas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal merupakan naskah tunggal. Sebelumnya telah dijelaskan naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal merupakan naskah kedua, disebutkan naskah pertama pada katalog Nancy K Florida tersimnpan di Keraton Surakarta. Setelah dilakukan penelusuran naskah yang dimaksudkan tidak ditemukan. Katalog Induk Naskah-naskah Nusantara Jilid 3B Universitas Indonesia juga menyebutkan terdapat naskah dengan keterangan salinan dari dua naskah yang terdapat di Surakarta dengan judul Pratelanipun Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal. Setelah dilakukan penulusuran data dari segi usia yang lebih muda dan kelengkapan yang kurang naskah tersebut tidak digunakan dan tetap menggunakan naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal. Naskah tersebut hanya terdapat di Museum Radya Pustaka Surakarta dengan kode penyimpanan SMP-RP 244, tebal 28 halaman, dituliskan dengan aksara Jawa, menggunakan bahasa Jawa dan ditulis dalam bentuk prosa. Naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal berisi tentang deskripsi bagian-bagian tubuh wayang, mulai dari bentuk wajah, bentuk tubuh, hingga bentuk gelungan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan edisi teks yang sahih menurut kajian filologis.  Aparat kritik disertakan dan teks ini diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Indonesia. Peneliti menemukan kendala dalam menyajikan naskah Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal di antaranya adalah terdapatnya kata-kata dalam bahasa pewayangan yang sukar untuk diartikan ke bentuk bahasa Indonesia.  The purpose of this study was a presentation in the form of a description of the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal manuscript, transliteration and edits of the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal manuscript, as well as the translation of the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal text. Data and data sources of this study are Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal manuscripts which are stored in the Radya Library of Surakarta Museum. The method used is a single script method. Translation of the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal manuscript uses free translation. The results showed that the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal manuscript was a single text. Previously explained the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal text was the second manuscript, mentioned the first manuscript in the Nancy K Florida catalog hidden in the Surakarta Palace. After searching the manuscript intended is not found. The Master Catalog of Archipelago Manuscripts Volume 3B Universitas Indonesia also mentions that there is a text with a description of copies of two manuscripts in Surakarta with the title Pratelanipun Wandaning Wacucal Ringgit. After searching the data in terms of younger age and lack of completeness, the manuscript was not used and continued to use the Wandaning Ringgit Wacucal text. The manuscript is only available at the Radya Museum Surakarta Library with a SMP-RP 244 storage code, 28 pages thick, written in Javanese script, using Javanese and written in prose. The Wacucal Ringgit Manuscript contains a description of the body parts of the puppet, starting from the face shape, body shape, to the shape of the coil. This study produced a valid edition of the text according to philological studies. Critical apparatus is included and this text is translated in Indonesian. The researcher found an obstacle in presenting the Wandanucan Ringgit manuscript, including the presence of words in puppet language which are difficult to interpret into Indonesian.

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