scholarly journals Small Wind Turbine Blade Design and Optimization

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Muhsen ◽  
Wael Al-Kouz ◽  
Waqar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Turbine Blade Design

This work aims at designing and optimizing the performance of a small Horizontal-Axis-Wind-Turbine to obtain a power coefficient (CP) higher than 40% at a low wind speed of 5 m/s. Two symmetric in shape airfoils were used to get the final optimized airfoil. The main objective is to optimize the blade parameters that influence the design of the blade since the small turbines are prone to show low performance due to the low Reynolds number as a result of the small size of the rotor and the low wind speed. Therefore, the optimization process will select different airfoils and extract their performance at the design conditions to find the best sections which form the optimal design of the blade. The sections of the blade in the final version mainly consist of two different sections belong to S1210 and S1223 airfoils. The optimization process goes further by investigating the performance of the final design, and it employs the blade element momentum theory to enhance the design. Finally, the rotor-design was obtained, which consists of three blades with a diameter of 4 m, a hub of 20 cm radius, a tip-speed ratio of 6.5 and can obtain about 650 W with a Power coefficient of 0.445 at a wind-speed of 5.5 m/s, reaching a power of 1.18 kW and a power coefficient of 0.40 at a wind-speed of 7 m/s.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine with Airfoil NACA 4412

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-357
Author(s):  
Syam Widiyanto ◽  
Sasongko Pramonohadi ◽  
Mohammad Kholid Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Integral Boundary ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
A Value ◽  
Optimal Power

The horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) design with low wind speed requires blade geometry selection. The analysis uses the potential flow panel method and the integral boundary layer formulation to analyze wind flow around the airfoil. The blade design with the blade element momentum (BEM) theory has an aerodynamic coefficient value along the blade. Power wind calculates to model the wind shear pressure at each blade. This research aims to determine the wind turbine rotor based on the performance, including the power coefficient, tip speed ratio, power, and rpm. The simulation uses an airfoil NACA 4412 which has optimal coefficient lift (Cl) = 1.92 at 190 pitch of angle, coefficient drag (Cd) = 0.0635 at 130 pitch angle and Cl / Cd = 155 at tilt angle = 40. Five models of 2.5 m diameter blades with different angles for each chord. The test results show that the change in the speed ratio affects the power coefficient so that the optimal power coefficient on NACA 4412 in experiment 5 is 0.56, and change in rotation per minute affects the output power so that the rotation per minute and the optimal power in experiment 4 with a value of 374 rpm and 553 W.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KECEPATAN ANGIN DAN VARIASI JUMLAH SUDU TERHADAP UNJUK KERJA TURBIN ANGIN POROS HORIZONTAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman Aryanto ◽  
Made Mara ◽  
Made Nuarsa
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Speeds

The wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy and then converted into electrical energy through a generator. Horizontal axis wind turbines can increase the efficiency to get the maximum power coefficient. One was using the blade numerous. Maximum efisiensi system will increase the number of watts (power) generated so as to obtain a certain number of watts by simply using the number of windmills lessThe object of this research is the performance testing horizontal axis wind turbine with wind speed variation and variation in terms of the number of blade Efisiensi system (𝜂 )  and Tip Speed Ratio (TSR). Research conducted with the wind coming from the source to the Wind Tunnel fan to direct wind. Wind speed is used there are three variations of the 3 m/s, 3.5 m/s, and 4 m/s and varying the amount of blade that is 3, 4, 5 and 6 blade.The results showed that the best 𝜂  values obtained at a maximum wind speed of 4 m / s and the number of blade 5 with a value of 3.07% 𝜂, whereas 𝜂 smallest value obtained at wind speeds of 3 m/s and the number of blade 3 that the value of 0.05% 𝜂. For TSR maximum value at a maximum speed of 4 m/s occurred in the number of blade 5 is equal to λ = 2.11, while the lowest value at wind speeds of 3 m/s resulting in blade number 3 is equal to λ = 1.49.

Experimental Study of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with Wind Speed Self-Adapting

2012 ◽  
Vol 215-216 ◽  
pp. 1323-1326
Author(s):  
Ming Wei Xu ◽  
Jian Jun Qu ◽  
Han Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
The Self ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Opening And Closing

A small vertical axis wind turbine with wind speed self-adapting was designed. The diameter and height of the turbine were both 0.7m. It featured that the blades were composed of movable and fixed blades, and the opening and closing of the movable blades realized the wind speed self-adapting. Aerodynamic performance of this new kind turbine was tested in a simple wind tunnel. Then the self-starting and power coefficient of the turbine were studied. The turbine with load could reliably self-start and operate stably even when the wind velocity was only 3.6 m/s. When the wind velocity was 8 m/s and the load torque was 0.1Nm, the movable blades no longer opened and the wind turbine realized the conversion from drag mode to lift mode. With the increase of wind speed, the maximum power coefficient of the turbine also improves gradually. Under 8 m/s wind speed, the maximum power coefficient of the turbine reaches to 12.26%. The experimental results showed that the new turbine not only improved the self-starting ability of the lift-style turbine, but also had a higher power coefficient in low tip speed ratio.

Numerical Studies of the Effects of Active and Passive Circulation Enhancement Concepts on Wind Turbine Performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanin Tongchitpakdee ◽  
Sarun Benjanirat ◽  
Lakshmi N. Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Gurney Flap ◽  
Coanda Jet

The aerodynamic performance of a wind turbine rotor equipped with circulation enhancement technology (trailing-edge blowing or Gurney flaps) is investigated using a three-dimensional unsteady viscous flow analysis. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory Phase VI horizontal axis wind turbine is chosen as the baseline configuration. Experimental data for the baseline case is used to validate the flow solver, prior to its use in exploring these concepts. Calculations have been performed for axial and yawed flow at several wind conditions. Results presented include radial distribution of the normal and tangential forces, shaft torque, root flap moment, and surface pressure distributions at selected radial locations. At low wind speed (7m∕s) where the flow is fully attached, it is shown that a Coanda jet at the trailing edge of the rotor blade is effective at increasing circulation resulting in an increase of lift and the chordwise thrust force. This leads to an increased amount of net power generation compared to the baseline configuration for moderate blowing coefficients (Cμ⩽0.075). A passive Gurney flap was found to increase the bound circulation and produce increased power in a manner similar to Coanda jet. At high wind speed (15m∕s) where the flow is separated, both the Coanda jet and Gurney flap become ineffective. The effects of these two concepts on the root bending moments have also been studied.

scholarly journals Investigation of an Innovative Rotor Modification for a Small-Scale Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Bugała ◽  
Olga Roszyk
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Airflow Distribution

This paper presents the results of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the airflow for a 300 W horizontal axis wind turbine, using additional structural elements which modify the original shape of the rotor in the form of multi-shaped bowls which change the airflow distribution. A three-dimensional CAD model of the tested wind turbine was presented, with three variants subjected to simulation: a basic wind turbine without the element that modifies the airflow distribution, a turbine with a plano-convex bowl, and a turbine with a centrally convex bowl, with the hyperbolic disappearance of convexity as the radius of the rotor increases. The momentary value of wind speed, recorded at measuring points located in the plane of wind turbine blades, demonstrated an increase when compared to the base model by 35% for the wind turbine with the plano-convex bowl, for the wind speed of 5 m/s, and 31.3% and 49% for the higher approaching wind speed, for the plano-convex bowl and centrally convex bowl, respectively. The centrally convex bowl seems to be more appropriate for higher approaching wind speeds. An increase in wind turbine efficiency, described by the power coefficient, for solutions with aerodynamic bowls was observed.

scholarly journals Experimental investigations of winglet effects on blade geometry of small horizontal axis wind turbine rotors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Blade Geometry

In this research work, the investigation and optimization of small horizontal axis wind turbine blade at low wind speed is pursued. The experimental blades were developed using the 3D printing additive manufacturing technique. The airfoils E210, NACA2412, S1223, SG6043, E216, NACA4415, SD7080, SD7033, S1210 and MAF were tested at the wind speed of 2-6 m/s. The airfoils and optimum blade geometry were investigated with the aid of the Xfoil software at Reynolds number of 100,000. The initial investigation range included tip speed ratios from 3 to 10, solidity from 0.0431 – 0.1181 and angle of attacks from 2o to 20o. Later on these parameters were varied in MATLAB and Xfoil software for optimization and investigation of the power coefficient, lift coefficient, drag coefficient and lift to drag ratio. The cut-in wind speed of the rotors was 2 and 2.5 m/s with the winglet-equipped blades and without winglets. It was found that the E210, SG6043, E216 NACA4415 and MAF airfoil displayed better performance than the NACA 2412, S1223, SD7080, S1210 & SD7003 for the geometry optimized for the operating conditions and manufacturing method described.

scholarly journals Airfoil optimization for small horizontal axis wind turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Cristhian Leonardo Pabón Rojas ◽  
◽  
Carlos Andrés Trujillo Suarez ◽  
Juan Carlos Serrano Rico ◽  
Elkin Gregorio Flórez Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Middle Zone ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Airfoil Optimization ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Blade Element

In order to take advantage of the low wind speed found in the Colombian territory, a gradient-based optimization process (GBA) of 2 airfoils is carried out, using the Xfoil software to evaluate the interactions. The shapes chosen will be destined for the root and for the middle zone of a blade for a small horizontal axis wind turbine (sHAWT). The blade will be created from the calculation of the chord and pitch angle with the blade element momentum methodology (BEM) and the SHAWT will be tested by CFD software to check its performance. As a preliminary result, a root-bound airfoil has been obtained with a higher performance than the airfoil used as a bases.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Solidity Ratio in a Horizontal Wind Turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Tekşin ◽  
Mert Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Solidity Ratio ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Work Done

A wind turbine-generator system; Parameters such as wind speed, turbine blade diameter, number of blades, turbine height, tip speed ratio and solidity ratio are affected. In this study, horizontal axis wind turbine with diameter of 130 cm and blade solidity ratio values of 7%, 8,6% and 9,8% were constructed and the tests were made according to different blade speed ratios. The required blades were obtained from PVC pipes of different diameters. The experimental study was actualized in Erciyes University Mechanical Engineering, Engines Laboratory. For each profile, blade rotational speeds and wind speeds at various distances have been studied. It has been determined that the wind speed is reduced by the distance difference and accordingly the number of blade speed is decreased visibly. In the wing profiles with different blade solidity ratios resulting from the work done, the wing structure with the solidity ratio of 8.6% gave the best performance. CL and CD coefficients of the profiled specimens were analyzed by FLUENTTM, a program of computational fluid dynamics. One of the factors that should be taken into consideration in the production of wind turbines is the blade solidity ratio.

scholarly journals STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PERFORMANSI TURBIN SAVONIUS DI PESISIR PANTAI KABUPATEN DEMAK TERHADAP DAYA LISTRIK YANG DIHASILKAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Wahyu Santoso ◽  
Herman Saputro ◽  
Husin Bugis
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Generator Type ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Savonius Wind Turbine

<p><em>Energy from fossil fuels consisting of petroleum, coal, natural gas containing raw material for energy fulfillment in Indonesia is still very central through the use of raw materials from renewable energy is still very low. In Indonesia the potential for renewable energy such as wind energy needs to be optimized. One of the uses of wind energy is through savonius wind turbine as electricity generators. Characteristics of savonius wind turbine with vertical axis rotors which gave a simple shape, and that able to control low speeds. This is in accordance with regions in Indonesi which have low average speeds.         This experimental study, aims to determine the description of wind potential and determine the performance of savonius wind turbines on the coast of Demak regency on the electrical energy produced. Savonius wind turbine used is made of galvalum material in the form of an S type rotor with diameter 1.1 m and height 1.4 m, using pulley transmission system with multiplication ratio 1:6 dan using generator type PMG 200 W. This research uses the method experiment. Data collection in the form of wind speed, humidity, temperature, rotor rotation speed, voltage and electric curret is carried out at 14.30 to 17.30 Western Indonesian Time. Data Analysis in this study uses quantitative descriptive analysis. The result showed the potential of wind on the coast of Demak regency have an average wind speed of 2,02 m/s with a temperature of 31</em><em>,</em><em>34 </em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em>C and humidity of 76,96. And the performance of the installed wind turbine produces the highest power 3.5 watt with an electric power coefficient of 0,181 and tip speed ratio around 1,75. From these result, the potensial of wind with performance savonius turbine can generate electricity used for pond lighting in the village Berahan Kulon Kecamatan Wedung. </em><em></em></p>

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