scholarly journals Multilevel and Multiscale Deep Neural Network for Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pearl Mary Samuel ◽  
Thanikaiselvan Veeramalai
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Vessel Segmentation ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Retinal Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessel Segmentation

Retinal blood vessel segmentation influences a lot of blood vessel-related disorders such as diabetic retinopathy, hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, etc. It is found that vessel segmentation using a convolutional neural network (CNN) showed increased accuracy in feature extraction and vessel segmentation compared to the classical segmentation algorithms. CNN does not need any artificial handcrafted features to train the network. In the proposed deep neural network (DNN), a better pre-processing technique and multilevel/multiscale deep supervision (DS) layers are being incorporated for proper segmentation of retinal blood vessels. From the first four layers of the VGG-16 model, multilevel/multiscale deep supervision layers are formed by convolving vessel-specific Gaussian convolutions with two different scale initializations. These layers output the activation maps that are capable to learn vessel-specific features at multiple scales, levels, and depth. Furthermore, the receptive field of these maps is increased to obtain the symmetric feature maps that provide the refined blood vessel probability map. This map is completely free from the optic disc, boundaries, and non-vessel background. The segmented results are tested on Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction (DRIVE), STructured Analysis of the Retina (STARE), High-Resolution Fundus (HRF), and real-world retinal datasets to evaluate its performance. This proposed model achieves better sensitivity values of 0.8282, 0.8979 and 0.8655 in DRIVE, STARE and HRF datasets with acceptable specificity and accuracy performance metrics.

A New Deeply Convolutional Neural Network Architecture for Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation

2020 ◽  
pp. 2157001
Author(s):  
Mali Mohammedhasan ◽  
Harun Uğuz
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Vessel Segmentation ◽  
Retinal Blood Vessel ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Blood Vessel Segmentation ◽  
Retinal Blood Vessels

This paper proposes an incoming Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture for segmenting retinal blood vessels automatically from fundus images. Automatic segmentation performs a substantial role in computer-aided diagnosis of retinal diseases; it is of considerable significance as eye diseases as well as some other systemic diseases give rise to perceivable pathologic changes. Retinal blood vessel segmentation is challenging because of the excessive changes in the morphology of the vessels on a noisy background. Previous deep learning-based supervised methods suffer from the insufficient use of low-level features which is advantageous in semantic segmentation tasks. The proposed architecture makes use of both high-level features and low-level features to segment retinal blood vessels. The major contribution of the proposed architecture concentrates on two important factors; the first in its supplying of extremely modularized network architecture of aggregated residual connections which enable us to copy the learned layers from the shallower model and developing additional layers to identity mapping. The second is to improve the utilization of computing resources within the network. This is achieved through a skillfully crafted design that allows for increased depth and width of the network while maintaining the stability of its computational budget. Experimental results show the effectiveness of using aggregated residual connections in segmenting retinal vessels more accurately and clearly. Compared to the best existing methods, the proposed method outperformed other existing methods in different measures, comprised less false positives at fine vessels, and caressed more clear lines with sufficient details like the human annotator.

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