scholarly journals On Efficient Estimation of Process Variability

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Tanveer Akhlaq ◽  
Muhammad Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Qaiser Shahbaz
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Efficient Estimation ◽  
Process Variability ◽  
Good Insight ◽  
Exponential Method ◽  
Process Dispersion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Better Than

Variability or dispersion plays an important role in any process and provides insight into the spread of data from some central point, usually the mean. A process with less spread is preferred over a process in which values differ greatly from the mean. Various methods are available to estimate the process dispersion by using information on the variable of interest. Certain additional variables provide good insight to estimate the process dispersion. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for the estimation of process variability by using the exponential method. The properties of the proposed method were studied. We conducted simulation and empirical studies to compare the proposed method with some existing methods of estimation of variability. The results of the numerical study show that our proposed method is better than the other methods used in the study.

Numerical Study of Sand Deposition and Control by Flat Solar Panels

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanjin Lan ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Yanbao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Entrainment Process ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

To make the best use of solar energy, most solar plants are located in deserts or dry and sandy areas, where most of the sand originate in sandstorms and desertification. For large scale solar plants, the structure of the solar panels can reduce the mean wind speed greatly, thus having a great effect on the deposition and entrainment process of the sand and dust. To study the effect of installment of solar panels on wind flow, numerical simulations are applied to get the turbulent flow field in the lee of the solar panels, with inclination angles ranging from 15° to 30° and at different spacing. The results show that 30° is the optimal choice and the performance with larger spacing at 2.5 times panel length is better than the case at 1.5 times.

scholarly journals A CFD study on the evaporative cooling of a water droplet located in a duct

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Aref Khorammi ◽  
◽  
Amin Emamian ◽  
Sajjad Karimnejad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Dynamic Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Study Offer

The current numerical study aimed for analayzing heat transfer of a spherical water droplet placed in a rectangular duct. The problem particularly deals with air-cooling of the droplet. The computational fluid dynamic technique is used to treat the problem. In order to study the problem, the effect of evaporation on the droplet's heat transfer is taken into consideration to make the problem more realistic. Moreover, various parameters like the inlet velocity and the temperature of the upstream are numerically checked. It is found out that with involving evaporation, the mean temperature of the droplets increases in comparison with the case that there is no evaporation involved. The outcomes of the current study offer useful and deep insight into the evaporative cooling of a water droplet.

scholarly journals A Novel Insight Into the Challenges of Diagnosing Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Using Web-Based Symptom Checkers (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Marshall Davies ◽  
Colin Fraser Munro ◽  
Mark RN Kotter
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Arm Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Google Search ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Better Than

BACKGROUND Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a common debilitating condition resulting from degeneration of the cervical spine. While decompressive surgery can halt disease progression, existing spinal cord damage is often permanent, leaving patients with lifelong disability. Early surgery improves the likelihood of recovery, yet the average time from the onset of symptoms to correct diagnosis is over 2 years. The majority of delays occur initially, before and within primary care, mainly due to a lack of recognition. Symptom checkers are widely used by patients before medical consultation and can be useful for preliminary triage and diagnosis. Lack of recognition of DCM by symptom checkers may contribute to the delay in diagnosis. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate whether Web-based symptom checkers were able to recognize relevant symptoms of DCM, to characterize the DCM differential they returned , and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of recognized DCM symptoms. METHODS We pooled classical DCM symptoms from leading review articles. These symptoms were entered into the algorithms used by the top 20 symptom checker websites (N=4; Google Search). The most widely cited symptom checker, WebMD, was used to characterize the differential diagnosis for DCM symptoms. RESULTS A total of 31 classical DCM symptoms were identified, of which 45% (14/31) listed DCM as a differential and 10% (3/31) placed DCM in the top third of the differential. The mean differential rank for motor symptoms was significantly better than that for arthritic symptoms (P=.01) and the average differential rank for all symptoms (P=.048). The symptom checker WebMD performed best at recognizing DCM, placing the condition nearer to the top of the differential list (mean rank of 5.6) than either Healthline (rank of 12.9, P=.02) or Healthtools.AARP (rank of 15.5, P=.001). On WebMD, only one combination of symptoms resulted in DCM as the primary differential: neck, shoulder, and arm pain with hand weakness. Moreover, 151 differential diagnoses for DCM symptoms were recorded on WebMD. Multiple sclerosis and peripheral neuropathy were the most common differentials, shortlisted for 52% (16/31) and 32% (10/31) of the DCM symptoms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS DCM symptoms are poorly identified by Web-based symptom checkers, which leads to a large differential of many other common conditions. While a diagnosis becomes more likely as the number of symptoms increases, this represents more advanced disease and will not support much-needed earlier diagnosis. Symptom checkers remain an attractive concept with potential. Further research is required to support their optimization.

Handwriting Analysis and Personality Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Greasley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than

It has been estimated that graphology is used by over 80% of European companies as part of their personnel recruitment process. And yet, after over three decades of research into the validity of graphology as a means of assessing personality, we are left with a legacy of equivocal results. For every experiment that has provided evidence to show that graphologists are able to identify personality traits from features of handwriting, there are just as many to show that, under rigorously controlled conditions, graphologists perform no better than chance expectations. In light of this confusion, this paper takes a different approach to the subject by focusing on the rationale and modus operandi of graphology. When we take a closer look at the academic literature, we note that there is no discussion of the actual rules by which graphologists make their assessments of personality from handwriting samples. Examination of these rules reveals a practice founded upon analogy, symbolism, and metaphor in the absence of empirical studies that have established the associations between particular features of handwriting and personality traits proposed by graphologists. These rules guide both popular graphology and that practiced by professional graphologists in personnel selection.

A scientific approach for the application of criteria for setting up multiannual programmes and zonal afforestation plans in the framework of the council regulation No. 2080/92

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Social Aspects ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Good Insight ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
New Forest ◽  
Council Regulation ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Insight Into

A  successful and justified multiannual afforestation programme requires a good  insight into the objectives and awareness of the constraints of the new  forests, a planning strategy and a thorough research on the missing aspects.      Socio-economic constraints mainly relate to social aspects of the farmers  involved, who must be assured of a viable income.     Therefore the new forest types and silvicultural systems should produce a  reasonable return, without neglecting however the global multiple use  objective.     Planning has to deal with specific goals, the area of new forests, the  location and size, accompanying measures and a time scale.

Some Explicit Results for the Mean Spherical Approximation for Mixtures of Yukawa Fluids

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Henderson ◽  
Osvaldo H. Scalise
Keyword(s):  
Integral Equation ◽  
Spherical Approximation ◽  
Mean Spherical Approximation ◽  
Inverse Temperature ◽  
Temperature Expansion ◽  
Yukawa Fluid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Full Solution ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Reasonable Model

The mean spherical approximation (MSA) is of interest because it produces an integral equation that yields useful analytical results for a number of fluids. One such case is the Yukawa fluid, which is a reasonable model for a simple fluid. The original MSA solution for this fluid, due to Waisman, is analytic but not explicit. Ginoza has simplified this solution. However, Ginoza's result is not quite explicit. Some years ago, Henderson, Blum, and Noworyta obtained explicit results for the thermodynamic functions of a single-component Yukawa fluid that have proven useful. They expanded Ginoza's result in an inverse-temperature expansion. Even when this expansion is truncated at fifth, or even lower, order, this expansion is nearly as accurate as the full solution and provides insight into the form of the higher-order coefficients in this expansion. In this paper Ginoza's implicit result for the case of a rather special mixture of Yukawa fluids is considered. Explicit results are obtained, again using an inverse-temperature expansion. Numerical results are given for the coefficients in this expansion. Some thoughts concerning the generalization of these results to a general mixture of Yukawa fluids are presented.

Dualities, Dialectics, and Paradoxes in Organizational Life

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Organizational contradictions and process studies offer interwoven and complementary insights. Studies of dialectics, paradox, and dualities depict organizational contradictions that are oppositional as well as interrelated such that they persistently morph and shift over time. Studies of process often examine how contradictions fuel emergent, dynamic systems and stimulate novelty, adaptation, and transformation. Drawing from rich conversations at the Eighth International Symposium on Process Organization Studies, the contributors to this volume unpack these relationships in more depth. The chapters explore three main, connected themes through both conceptual and empirical studies, including (1) offering insight into how process theorizing advances understandings of organizational contradictions; (2) shedding light on how dialectics, paradoxes, and dualities fuel organizational processes that affect persistence and transformation; and (3) exploring the convergence and divergence of dialectics, paradox, and dualities lenses. Taken together, this book offers key insights in order to inform persistent, contradictory dynamics in organizations and organizational studies.

scholarly journals Generation of Reverse Meniscus Flow by Applying An Electromagnetic Brake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Vakhrushev ◽  
Abdellah Kharicha ◽  
Ebrahim Karimi-Sibaki ◽  
Menghuai Wu ◽  
Andreas Ludwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Lorentz Force ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Submerged Entry Nozzle ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Slab Caster ◽  
The Mean

AbstractA numerical study is presented that deals with the flow in the mold of a continuous slab caster under the influence of a DC magnetic field (electromagnetic brakes (EMBrs)). The arrangement and geometry investigated here is based on a series of previous experimental studies carried out at the mini-LIMMCAST facility at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR). The magnetic field models a ruler-type EMBr and is installed in the region of the ports of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN). The current article considers magnet field strengths up to 441 mT, corresponding to a Hartmann number of about 600, and takes the electrical conductivity of the solidified shell into account. The numerical model of the turbulent flow under the applied magnetic field is implemented using the open-source CFD package OpenFOAM®. Our numerical results reveal that a growing magnitude of the applied magnetic field may cause a reversal of the flow direction at the meniscus surface, which is related the formation of a “multiroll” flow pattern in the mold. This phenomenon can be explained as a classical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) effect: (1) the closure of the induced electric current results not primarily in a braking Lorentz force inside the jet but in an acceleration in regions of previously weak velocities, which initiates the formation of an opposite vortex (OV) close to the mean jet; (2) this vortex develops in size at the expense of the main vortex until it reaches the meniscus surface, where it becomes clearly visible. We also show that an acceleration of the meniscus flow must be expected when the applied magnetic field is smaller than a critical value. This acceleration is due to the transfer of kinetic energy from smaller turbulent structures into the mean flow. A further increase in the EMBr intensity leads to the expected damping of the mean flow and, consequently, to a reduction in the size of the upper roll. These investigations show that the Lorentz force cannot be reduced to a simple damping effect; depending on the field strength, its action is found to be topologically complex.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Multi-Label Classification and Multi-Output Regression in Social Trait Recognition

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4127
Author(s):  
Will Farlessyost ◽  
Kelsey-Ryan Grant ◽  
Sara R. Davis ◽  
David Feil-Seifer ◽  
Emily M. Hand
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Facial Attributes ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Automated Methods ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Social Trait ◽  
Better Than

First impressions make up an integral part of our interactions with other humans by providing an instantaneous judgment of the trustworthiness, dominance and attractiveness of an individual prior to engaging in any other form of interaction. Unfortunately, this can lead to unintentional bias in situations that have serious consequences, whether it be in judicial proceedings, career advancement, or politics. The ability to automatically recognize social traits presents a number of highly useful applications: from minimizing bias in social interactions to providing insight into how our own facial attributes are interpreted by others. However, while first impressions are well-studied in the field of psychology, automated methods for predicting social traits are largely non-existent. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of two automated approaches—multi-label classification (MLC) and multi-output regression (MOR)—for first impression recognition from faces. We demonstrate that both approaches are able to predict social traits with better than chance accuracy, but there is still significant room for improvement. We evaluate ethical concerns and detail application areas for future work in this direction.

Quantitative analysis of static equilibrium in women after mastectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Maciej Rachwał ◽  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Katarzyna Walicka-Cupryś ◽  
Aleksandra Truszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Center Of Foot Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Posture Stability ◽  
Mastectomy Group ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background: The post-mastectomy changes to the locomotor system are related to the scar and adhesion or to the lymphatic edema after amputation which, in turn, lead to local and global distraction of the work of the muscles. These changes lead to body statics disturbance that changes the projection of the center of gravity and worsens motor response due to changing of the muscle sensitivity. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the static balance of women after undergoing mastectomy. Methods: The study included 150 women, including 75 who underwent mastectomy (mean age: 60±7.6) years, mean body mass index (BMI): 26 (±3.6) kg/m2) and 75 who were placed in the control group with matched age and BMI. The study was conducted using a tensometric platform. Results: Statistically significant differences were found for almost all parameters between the post-mastectomy group and group of healthy women, regarding center of foot pressure (COP) path length in the Y and X axes and the mean amplitude of COP. Conclusions: First, the findings revealed that balance in post-mastectomy women is significantly better than in the control group. Second, physiotherapeutic treatment of post-mastectomy women may have improved their posture stability compared with their peers.

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