scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Electro-Assisted Grafting of Mono- and Bi-Phosphonic Acids on Nitinol

Surfaces ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-530
Author(s):  
Bastien Arrotin ◽  
Corentin Libioulle ◽  
Tatiana Issakova ◽  
Laetitia Mespouille ◽  
Philippe Dubois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Organic Coatings ◽  
Methylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Phosphonic Acids ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Molecular Layers

Over the last few years, Nitinol (NiTi) has become one of the most attractive alloy materials for industrial applications. However, its implementation is still problematic due to its surface nickel content, making it sensitive to pitting corrosion. In applications, it is often necessary to modify NiTi surfaces by using organic coatings, which provides new physico-chemical properties as well as functionalities and often contributes to a reinforcement of the alloy corrosion resistance. In this work, we assess the differences between the molecular layers made out of methylphosphonic acid (C1P) and the bi-phosphonic acid derivatives: (methylimino)dimethylene-bisphophonic acid (MIP2) and 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEP2) using conventional (CG) and electro-assisted (EG) graftings. The surface modifications with the bi-phosphonic derivatives (MIP2) and (HEP2) carried out with the EG process lead to denser layers and a reinforced NiTi corrosion resistance.

Applicability of EIS for evaluation of corrosion resistance of aluminum flakes

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
Naghmeh Amirshaqaqi ◽  
Mehdi Salami-Kalajahi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdavian
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Organic Coatings ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Purpose The conventional method for evaluation of corrosion resistance of aluminum flakes is based on the volume of evolved hydrogen in acidic and basic environments. This study aims to introduce electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as a method to evaluate corrosion resistance of aluminum flakes. Design/methodology/approach Aluminum flakes with different surface modifications were compressed to build a disk. Then, the disks were examined by EIS in NaCl solution. Also, the corrosion resistance of the flakes was evaluated by the conventional method. Findings The results revealed applicability of EIS for evaluation of corrosion resistance of aluminum flakes. Originality/value Application of EIS to evaluate corrosion resistance of aluminum flakes is novel. As it can provide fast, reliable and quantitative estimation of the corrosion resistance of the aluminum flakes in the 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. This medium is highly encountered for the aluminum flakes used in organic coatings, that is why test in NaCl solution is more convenient compared to the conventional methods using acid and alkaline conditions.

Natural mixture of silica and smectite as a new clayey material for industrial applications

Clay Minerals ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Sohling ◽  
F. Ruf ◽  
K. Schurz ◽  
K. Emmerich ◽  
A. Steudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Separation ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Clayey Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Mixture ◽  
Biodiesel Purification ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe main physico-chemical properties of a new smectitic clay containing large amounts of amorphous material are reviewed and potential industrial applications of this type of clay are discussed. Due to a 34% amorphous material content (natural silica gel), the investigated clay has very high porosity and can be used as it is or in acid-impregnated form for oil bleaching or phosphate reduction in edible oil. In the field of biodiesel purification, the new clay can be used to remove, in particular, mono-, diglycerides and glycerol. The natural silica-smectite mixture is also suitable as a carrier for liquid ingredients, for example in animal feeds, and might serve as a partial or complete substitute for synthetic precipitated silicas. In the field of bioseparation processes, the clay can be used as an adsorbent for protein separation by means of cation exchange. Due to the suppressed swelling (compared with smectite alone), it can be packed in columns which can be regenerated.

The influence of anthropogenically increased pH on the content and the mobility of nickel in arable soils in the surroundings of “Małogoszcz” cement plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Jaworska ◽  
Agata Bartkowiak ◽  
Szymon Różański
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Cement Plant ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract The aim of the conducted research was the evaluation of the influence of increased pH on the content and mobility of nickel in arable soils in the surroundings of Małogoszcz Cement Plant. The physico-chemical properties of the investigated soils were determined by the methods commonly used in soil laboratories. The total content of Ni was determined after mineralization in the mixture of HF and HClO4 acids, and the content of forms available for plants, after the extraction with DTPA solution, using ASA method. The investigated soils are characterized as loamy sands or sands (PTG 2008). These soils have the content of C-organic in the range of 10.3.24.2 g·kg-1 in the surface horizons and 8.3.20.3 g·kg-1 in the subsurface horizons. The pH values allow to classify these soils as alkaline. In all of the investigated soils calcium carbonate occurs. The values of total content of nickel were in the range of 1.47.2.82 mg·kg-1 in surface horizons and 1.80.2.45 mg·kg-1 in subsurface horizons, which allows to classify these soils as soil with natural nickel content. The content of Ni-DTPA were in the range of 0.06.0.26 mg·kg.1. The sequential analysis of the obtained results indicates on significant statistically positive correlation between the total content of Ni and C-organic, which has the value of 0.648143 and between the content of Ni-DTPA and the content of fraction with Ø<0.002 mm, with the value of 0.581113 on p=0.05.

Variety Difference in Molecular Structure, Physico-chemical and Thermal Properties of Starches from Pigmented Rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chagam Koteswara Reddy ◽  
Lalmuan Kimi ◽  
Sundaramoorthy Haripriya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Waxy Rice

Abstract Starches isolated from three different pigmented rice varieties (Chak-hao Amubi, Chak-hao Poireiton, and Chak-hao Angangba) and investigated for their molecular structure and physico-chemical properties including amylose content, morphology, crystallinity, pasting viscosity, color, thermal property, swelling power and solubility. Significant differences were detected in physico-chemical and functional properties (p≤0.05) of rice starches. The amylose content results revealed that Chak-hao Angangba (1.93 %) and Chak-hao Poireiton (1.98 %) are waxy rice, and Chak-hao Amubi (3.16 %) is a very low-amylose rice. The morphology of rice starch granules shown polyhedral edges with an irregular shape; and the XRD patterns of rice starches exhibited A-type crystalline patterns with peaks at 2θ=15.1°, 17.1°, 18.2° and 23.0°. Waxy rice starches shown higher peak viscosity and enthalpy with lower gelatinization temperatures than very low amylose rice starches. The pasting viscosity, swelling power and solubility crystallinity of rice starches were varied significantly (p≤0.05). Finally, the present study provides knowledge for the utilization of starches isolated from three pigmented rice varieties grown in North-Eastern part of India that would be relevant for both domestic and industrial applications.

Comparison of Properties between General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire and Commercial Orthodontic Stainless Steel Wire

2011 ◽  
Vol 378-379 ◽  
pp. 706-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Ekkapot Sukhanun ◽  
Tunwa Intrarasuksanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Steel Wires

In Thailand, commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires are imported from overseas and expensive. However, lower cost general purpose stainless steel wires, the same type and number as commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires may be used for orthodontic purposes. Objective: This study aimed to determine the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires. Materials and Method: Two commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Ormco and Highland) and general purpose stainless steel wire (SUS 304H) were evaluated. The physical and mechanical properties were studied according to ISO 15841:2006 and corrosion resistance was studied according to ISO 10271:2001. Surface characteristics and composition were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron probe micro analyzer, respectively. Results: The experiment indicated that SUS 304H had the diameter and mechanical properties in the range of orthodontic stainless steel wires. The surface characteristics SUS 304H were similar from observation by SEM magnifications but SUS 304H had lower corrosion resistance due to lower nickel content. The composition confirmed that the three samples wires were genuine type 304. Conclusion: SUS 304H properties are comparable to commercial orthodontic wire properties.

scholarly journals Dendrimers: properties and applications.

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Klajnert ◽  
M Bryszewska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
New Class ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Dendrimers are a new class of polymeric materials. They are highly branched, monodisperse macromolecules. The structure of these materials has a great impact on their physical and chemical properties. As a result of their unique behaviour dendrimers are suitable for a wide range of biomedical and industrial applications. The paper gives a concise review of dendrimers' physico-chemical properties and their possible use in various areas of research, technology and treatment.

Alternative Lubricant Based on Renewable Resources for Industrial Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diyar I. Ahmed ◽  
S. Kasolang ◽  
M.A. Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohammad. H. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Primary Focus

Bio-lubricants are often touted as a solution but the geographical necessities of cultivation can restrict their practicality as an absolute substitute to petroleum-based lubricants. The development of a novel environmentally-friendly bio-lubricant is the primary focus of this paper. The physico-chemical properties of the bio-lubricant were analyzed using multiple standards tribometers. This study provided sufficient data to conform an ISO VG 68 hydraulic industrial lubricant by blending 52.70 % (wt) soybean oil, 40.55 % (wt) mineral oil, and 6.75 (%) additive packages. This formulated blend as green alternative for machine lubrications will be significant in reducing perilous environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. Moreover, it can contribute to reduce the global demand of petroleum based lubricant substantially.

scholarly journals Characterization and physico-chemical analysis of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
R.F. Olayemi ◽  
I.O. Jawonisi ◽  
J.A. Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Physico Chemical

The genus Cymbopogon is important from the point of view of their essential oils. Essential oils from these species are widely used in flavours, fragrances, cosmetics, soaps, detergents and perfumery owing to their typical lemon-like aroma. Essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus was extracted by hydrodistillation and characterized using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).The oil was also subjected to physico-chemical analysis, the physical and chemical properties evaluated were Boiling point (74oC), Specific gravity (0.8960), Refractive index (1.4838) and pH (6.00) at 25oC. Saponification value(109.76) and Acid value (0.55) mg KOH/g oil. Iodine value (100g of I2/g oil) 105, Ester value (189.21), Residue on evaporation (10%) at 100oC.The chemical composition of the essential oil analyzed by GC-MS showed citral (31.1%), β-Myrcene (14.2%), citronellal  (9.8%), limonene  oxide (7.7%), eraniol (7.3%) and linalool (6.2%) as the major compounds. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of n-alkane, conjugated alkene, primary amide, amine, aldehyde, primary and secondary alcohols. The results obtained from the physico-chemical parameters, and functional groups identified by FTIR as well as the compounds identified by GC-MS revealed that the oil has medicinal and nutritive values as well as industrial applications in the pharmaceutical, perfumery and cosmetic industries .Keywords: Characterization, Citral, Cymbopogon citratus, Essential oil, FTIR, GC-MS

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