scholarly journals Seed Burial Depth and Soil Water Content Affect Seedling Emergence and Growth of Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa in the Horqin Sandy Land

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Tang ◽  
Carlos Busso ◽  
Deming Jiang ◽  
Yongcui Wang ◽  
Dafu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Seed Burial

Soil Moisture Dynamics and Water Balance of Caragana microphylla and Caragana korshinskii Shrubs in Horqin Sandy Land, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2545-2549
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
De Ming Jiang ◽  
Toshio Oshid
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii ◽  
Caragana Microphylla

Based on the soil water balance theory, soil water dynamics and evapotranspiration (ET) of artificial sand-fixing Caragana microphylla and Caragana korshinskii shrubs with three different densities were researched in Horqin sandy land during the growing season. Results showed that mean soil water content of three shrub densities changed with time, different density caused spatial changes of soil water content in the deep soil horizon, but brought little influence on soil water temporal trends. The annual ET/P ratio varied between 83.21% and 99.6% for three shrub densities and the ET was not continually increased along with increase in shrub density. Based on the comprehensive analysis of soil water content, ET, and plant coverage for three shrub densities, the optimum density of C. microphylla and C. korshinskii shrubs (20 years old) in the study area could be about 1000 trees/ha. The findings were helpful for vegetation restoration in Horqin sandy land of China.

scholarly journals Variation in soil water content to rainfall under Caragana microphylla shrub in Horqin Sandy Land

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
WANG ShaoKun ◽  
ZHAO XueYong ◽  
QU Hao ◽  
LUO YaYong ◽  
YUN JianYing
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Caragana Microphylla

Effects of textural layering on water regimes in sandy soils in a desert-oasis ecotone, Northwestern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengpeng Sun ◽  
Wenzhi Zhao ◽  
Hu Liu ◽  
Yongyong Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Layered Soils ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Desert Oasis

<p>Textural layering of soil plays an important role in distributing and regulating resources for plants in many semiarid and arid landscapes. However, the spatial patterns of textural layering and the potential effects on soil hydrology and water regimes are poorly understood, especially in arid sandy soil environments like the desert-oasis ecotones in northwestern China. This work aims to determine the distribution of textural layered soils, analyze the effects of different soil-textural configurations on water regimes, and evaluate which factors affect soil water infiltration and retention characteristics in such a desert-oasis ecotone. We measured soil water content and mineral composition in 87 soil profiles distributed along 3 transects in the study area. Constant-head infiltration experiments were conducted at 9 of the soil profiles with different texture configurations. The results showed that textural layered soils were patchily but extensively distributed throughout the study area (with a combined surface area percentage of about 84%). Soil water content in the profiles ranged from 0.002 to 0.27 g/cm<sup>3</sup> during the investigation period, and significantly and positively correlated with the thickness of a medium-textured (silt or silt loam) layer (<em>P</em> < 0.001). The occurrence of a medium-textured layer increased field capacity (FC) and wilting point (WP), and decreased available water-holding capacity in soil profiles. Burial depth of the medium-textured layer had no clear effects on water retention properties, but the layer thickness tended to. In textural layered soils, smaller water infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration, and shallower depths of wetting fronts were detected, compared with homogeneous sand profiles. The thickness and burial depth of medium-textured layers had obvious effects on infiltration, but the magnitude of the effects depended on soil texture configuration. The revealed patterns of soil textural layering and the potential effects on water regimes may provide new insight into the sustainable management of rainfed vegetation in the desert-oasis ecotones of arid northwestern China and other regions with similar environments around the world.</p>

scholarly journals Experimental sand burial affects seedling survivorship, morphological traits, and biomass allocation of <i>Ulmus pumila</i> var. <i>sabulosa</i> in the Horqin Sandy Land, China

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Tang ◽  
Carlos Alberto Busso ◽  
Deming Jiang ◽  
Ala Musa ◽  
Dafu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Sand Burial ◽  
Seedling Survivorship

Abstract. As a native tree species, Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa (sandy elm) is widely distributed in the Horqin Sandy Land, China. However, seedlings of this species have to withstand various depths of sand burial after emergence because of increasing soil degradation, which is mainly caused by overgrazing, climate change, and wind erosion. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the changes in its survivorship, morphological traits, and biomass allocation when seedlings were buried at different burial depths: unburied controls and seedlings buried vertically up to 33, 67, 100, or 133 % of their initial mean seedling height. The results showed that partial sand burial treatments (i.e., less than 67 % burial) did not reduce seedling survivorship, which still reached 100 %. However, seedling mortality increased when sand burial was equal to or greater than 100 %. In comparison with the control treatment, seedling height and stem diameter increased at least by 6 and 14 % with partial burial, respectively. In the meantime, seedling taproot length, total biomass, and relative mass growth rates were at least enhanced by 10, 15.6, and 27.6 %, respectively, with the partial sand burial treatment. Furthermore, sand burial decreased total leaf area and changed biomass allocation in seedlings, partitioning more biomass to aboveground organs (e.g., leaves) and less to belowground parts (roots). Complete sand burial after seedling emergence inhibited its re-emergence and growth, even leading to death. Our findings indicated that seedlings of sandy elm showed some resistance to partial sand burial and were adapted to sandy environments from an evolutionary perspective. The negative effect of excessive sand burial after seedling emergence might help in understanding failures in recruitments of sparse elm in the study region.

Effect of water on common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] seedling emergence in corn

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Leblanc ◽  
D. C. Cloutier ◽  
C. Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Emergence

A 2-year field study was conducted in corn to determine the influence of rainfall, irrigation and soil water content on common lambsquarters and barnyardgrass emergence. Rainfall or irrigation had no influence on the final weed density and little on the pattern of weed emergence because the soil water content was at or greater than field capacity during the main weed emergence period. Irrigation may hasten the first weed emergence by warming the soil when temperature is limiting for germination. In southwestern Quebec, temperature appears to be the most important factor regulating germination in the spring since soil moisture is normally at field capacity for a long period, in part because of the melting of snow. Key words: Irrigation, weed emergence, soil moisture

scholarly journals Glasshouse study of a sprayable, degradable polymer to reduce water use in cotton establishment

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Priscilla Johnston ◽  
Michael Braunack ◽  
Philip S. Casey ◽  
Keith L. Bristow ◽  
Raju Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Degradable Polymer ◽  
Extensive Degradation

This glasshouse pot experiment demonstrated that a new sprayable and degradable polymer reduced soil water evaporation and promoted cotton seedling emergence and establishment. The polymer was tested on two contrasting soils (sandy loam and clay), representative of those used to grow cotton in Australia. Changes in soil water content in non-treated and polymer-treated pots were monitored over 80 days, after surface or subsurface watering. Plant biomass, soil water content and soil chemical properties were determined at harvest. The polymer reduced soil water evaporation by up to 35% in sandy loam and up to 20% in clay, did not compromise seedling emergence and improved plant growth per unit water applied by up to 26.2%. The polymer underwent extensive degradation after 80 days to produce low molecular-weight polymers or oligomers and water-extractable silicon species that may have implications for plant nutrition.

Effect of soil water content on wild oat (Avena fatua) seed mortality and seedling emergence

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Mickelson ◽  
William E. Grey
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Seed Mortality

Field experiments were established in fall 1999 and 2000 near Huntley, MT, to determine the effects of soil water content on wild oat seed mortality and seedling emergence. Four supplemental irrigation treatments were implemented from June through September to establish plots with varying soil water content. Wild oat seed mortality during the summer increased linearly as soil water content increased. For seed banks established in 1999 (1999SB), seed mortality increased, on average, from 36 to 55% in 2000, and 15 to 55% in 2001 as soil water content increased from 6 to 24%. For seed banks established in 2000 (2000SB), seed mortality increased, on average, from 38 to 88% in 2001 and 53 to 79% in 2002 as soil water content increased from 6 to 24%. Increasing soil water content likely increased the activity of microorganisms that cause mortality in wild oat seeds. The increasing seed mortality rates (due to increasing soil water content) resulted in greater annual declines of wild oat seed banks and 2-yr cumulative decline rates. Total season emergence percentage was not affected by irrigation treatment. Results show that weed seed bank decline is more rapid in moist than in dry soils and suggest that management practices that increase or conserve soil moisture will also increase the rate of wild oat seed bank decline.

scholarly journals Experimental sand burial affects seedling survivorship, morphological traits and biomass allocation of <i>Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa</i> in Horqin Sandy Land

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Tang ◽  
Carlos Alberto Busso ◽  
Deming Jiang ◽  
Ala Musa ◽  
Dafu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Sand Burial ◽  
Seedling Survivorship

Abstract. As a native tree species, Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa (Sandy elm) is widely distributed in Horqin Sandy Land. However, seedlings of this species have to withstand various depths of sand burial after emergence because of increasing soil degradation. So an experiment was conducted to evaluate the changes in the survivorship, morphological traits and biomass allocation buried with different burial depths (unburied, and seedlings buried vertically up to 33, 67, 100 or 133 % of the initial mean seedling height). The results showed that partial sand burial treatments (i.e., less than 67 % burial) did not influence seedling survivorship, which still reached 100 %. However, seedling mortality increased as sand burial was equal to or greater than 100 %. Seedling height and stem diameter increased at least by 6 to 14 % with partial burial in comparison with control treatment. Whilst seeding taproot length, total biomass, and relative growth rates at least enhanced by 10 %, 15.6 %, and 27.6 %, respectively, with the partial sand burial treatment. Furthermore, sand burial decreased total leaf area and changed biomass allocation on seedlings, transferring more biomass to aboveground rather than belowground parts. Complete sand burial after seedling emergence inhibited its growth, and even lead to death. Our findings indicated that seedling of sandy elm had a certain resistance to partial sand burial and acclimated to sandy environments. The negative effects of common excessive sand burial after seedling emergence help to understand failures in recruitment of sparse elm woodland in the Horqin sandy land.

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