scholarly journals The Development of an Efficiency-Based Global Green Manufacturing Innovation Index: An Input-Oriented DEA Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12697
Author(s):  
Hisham Alidrisi
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Green Manufacturing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Innovation

Innovation-based economic growth is considered to be a vital strategic aim for all economies, but environmentally friendly concepts and sustainable development (SD) must also be considered. The literature on the Global Innovation Index (GII) shows various investigations relevant to innovation, yet the lack of comprehensive consideration within the GII of environmental concerns represents a critical challenge. This paper aims to provide a holistic-perspective evaluation model for the top 15 manufacturing countries worldwide in order to resolve this. The efficiency-based Global Green Manufacturing Innovation Index (GGMII) was developed by formulating an input-oriented data envelopment analysis model. Criteria such as the value added to the gross domestic product (GDP), corresponding CO2 emissions, and unemployment rates were examined in order to represent the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of SD, respectively. Other scientific and technological dimensions were also considered. The data corresponding to all ten of the criteria were collected from World Bank Open Data. The results show a mismatch between the original GII and the proposed GGMII for the top eight manufacturing countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Korea, France, China, Japan, and Canada), while the remaining countries (Italy, Spain, Russia, India, Mexico, Brazil, and Indonesia) occupied the same rank in both indices, but showed a sizable diminution in their original GII scores. The proposed GGMII might be utilized as a benchmarking instrument for all countries worldwide in the future.

scholarly journals Evaluating R&D and Transformation Functional Platforms’ Operational Performance Using a Data Envelopment Analysis Model: A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao ◽  
You ◽  
Shi ◽  
Hu
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Operation Performance

The purpose of this paper is to provide a contribution to the development of R&D and transformation functional platforms by identifying key performance influencing factors in the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to analyze platform operation performance status and reasons. The DEA method is undertaken to calculate the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of R&D and transformation functional platforms in China’s 30 provinces within the period 2016–2018. Based on the 2018 pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency calculations, the K-means clustering method was used to classify the R&D and transformation functional platforms of 30 provinces. Finally, according to the clustering results, the corresponding clustering improvement scheme is given. The operational level of R&D and transformation functional platforms in many provinces of China still needs to be improved: the R&D and transformation capabilities are weak, the market share of leading products is low, the ability of new technology value-added is insufficient, and the development of R&D and transformation functional platforms has regional imbalance. This study is based solely on statistical data, these data alone obviously cannot fully describe and evaluate the real state of R&D and transformation functional platform due to the complexity and diversity of platforms. Further research is needed to generalize beyond the performance indicators constructed in this paper. For the problems of low overall operation efficiency, unbalanced regional development, redundancy of input resources and lack of professional management personnel in the operation of R&D and transformation functional platforms, policy suggestions can be put forward according to clustering results and input and output adjustment values calculated based on relaxation variables. The study presenting a methodology for analyzing R&D and transformation functional platforms’ operation performance, and the conclusions will provide reference for the development of platforms and high-tech industries.

scholarly journals G7 summit – analysis of decisions taken to step up on climate change challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 08017
Author(s):  
Carmen Valentina Radulescu ◽  
Iulian Gole ◽  
Marius Profiroiu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
The United Kingdom

Research background: After the summit of G7 held in the United Kingdom, important decisions regarding future actions against global warming were taken. Some of them were appreciated by the environmental supporters but many others tend to have a different view, especially because of lack of details. Purpose of the article: In this article, we will analyse what are the measure proposed by the most powerful and developed countries, members of G7, what is the position of the other big countries (China and Russia) that were not invited, and how this could really contribute to the saving environment progress. Methods: Through descriptive and comparative analysis the paper reveals the financial and technical difficulties to implement these decisions and how they can contribute to a better environment and achieve the COP 21 objective. Findings & Value added: The stress caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in all economies didn’t cancel the engagement of countries taken in Paris, to limit the rise of global temperatures to 1.50C comparing to the preindustrial era. The United States even came back on track and, generally speaking, it appears that there is a stronger will to take concrete actions.

Review of Current ICT Developments

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
S.C. Lenny Koh ◽  
Stuart Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Development Spending ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Roll Out

The issues that are currently affecting all managers are similar to those facing managers of ICT. The following is a list, though not exhaustive, of the issues confronting organizations in changing business environments as shown in Figure 1.1. Most organizations are conducting their business in global situations that place extra pressure on their effective usage of ICT. They may have to think in terms of worldwide purchasing of parts and raw materials. Many organizations view their products as being global. Firms will have to ensure that they can provide efficient supply chain management. This may require an integrated customer service where geographical boundaries should not cause loss of business effectiveness. Companies may need to provide rationalised manufacturing as they roll-out products worldwide. All organizations will strive to gain global economies of scale. However, as one can imagine developing an ICT strategy that is able to stand the test of time is well nigh impossible. In 2008 large firms in the ICT sector, such as Google, I.B.M., H.P. and Sun are rolling out major green initiatives to reflect current environmental concerns. It is not too long ago that the ICT sector was monopolised by the United States and the United Kingdom. Increasingly sector pundits are talking of the Chindia phenomenon. ICT research and development spending in China is still behind the U.S. but ahead of Japan. Firms in India, such as Infosys, are increasingly moving into the high value-added part of the sector.

Data Envelopment Analysis Model of Mechanical Product Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Huan Cheng Zhang ◽  
Ya Feng Yang ◽  
Ai Min Yang ◽  
Li Nan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Model ◽  
Mechanical Products

For the existing problems in the design of mechanical products, based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, the paper constructs fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to comprehensively evaluate the existing problems. Then, by the obtained results, the model has a high degree of subjectivity. So, the paper combines data envelopment analysis with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and establishes evaluation model of fuzzy data envelopment analysis. Ultimately, the paper improves the reliable and scientific evaluation model.

scholarly journals HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THE COUNTRY

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Products

The article discusses the concepts of "potential" and "economic potential", analyzes their interpretation by different scientists, and gives reasons for the importance of its awareness by countries for which it determines their specialization. The economic potential of high-tech production in Ukraine is analyzed by such indicators as the part of enterprises that inculcate innovations (products and/or technological processes), the part of the amount of the realized innovative products (commodities, services) in the general volume of the realized products (commodities, services) of industrial enterprises, the costs of innovative activity, export of high-tech products, the amount of workers per a million habitants of country, that are engaged in developments and researches, and middle and high-tech industry (including building) in the percent of value-added of production of Ukraine. The article consideres the place of Ukraine in the Global Innovation Index. Comparative description of Ukraine, Poland, and Vietnam is fulfilled according to the indexes of exports of high-tech products (in billion USD) and amount of workers per a million habitants of the country that is engaged in developments and scientific researches. The paper analyzes how the share of high-tech products affects the development of the economy and competitiveness of the country. It shows the costs of scientific and technical research and development of Ukraine as compared with the United States, Germany and Japan. It also considers the importance of investment activity in Ukraine for the development of the country's economic potential. The article indicates the problems that hinder the development of technological and scientific potentials of Ukraine. Recommendations are given on the possibilities of increasing the economic potential of high-tech national production in order to increase Ukraine's competitiveness in the world market.

scholarly journals Environmental efficiency evaluation of china based on a kind of congestion and undesirable output coefficient

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Song ◽  
Shuhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Undesirable Output ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Output Coefficient

The production ?congestion? phenomenon is widespread in reality although few models nowadays consider its influences. In this study, production congestion is introduced into an environmental efficiency evaluation model and a new data envelopment analysis model that considers both production congestion and undesirable output is established so as to measure environmental efficiency evaluation effectively. On this basis, we divide technological change into productive technological change and energy-savings emission reduction technological change to establish their influences on the congestion phenomenon. The results show that productive technological change cannot relieve the degree of congestion while green technology change that stimulates environmental efficiency improvement can greatly alleviate situations of congestion.

UK Temporary Staffing: Industry Structure and Evolutionary Dynamics

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Ward
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industry Structure ◽  
Third Party ◽  
National Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Temporary Staffing ◽  
The Uk

During the 1990s the UK temporary staffing industry experienced almost unbroken year-on-year growth. Alongside this quantitative expansion the type of business performed by some UK temporary staffing agencies has begun to change, as some larger agencies have attempted to move out of the clerical and light industrial segments and into higher value-added markets. Other agencies have sought to add human resource services to their more-traditional recruitment and placement functions. All in all, the UK industry—the second largest in the world after the United States—has undergone widespread restructuring in the last decade. I argue that the recent growth in the UK industry constitutes a regularisation of flexible employment, as casual and fixed-term contracts are replaced by more formal arrangements involving a third party—the temporary staffing agency. Drawing upon global and national data and forty semi-structured interviews with agency owners and managers in the United Kingdom, I analyse the multidimensional growth and restructuring of the UK temporary staffing industry. I argue that as the UK industry ‘matures’ we are witnessing a degree of deepening in relations between temporary staffing agencies and client firms. More broadly, I argue that the growth of the temporary staffing industry has conceptual implications for how economic geographers theorise ‘the firm’ and explore the globalisation of service activities.

scholarly journals Innovative creative activities of Russian companies in the global business environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 05016
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Samoylov ◽  
Irina A. Zhulega ◽  
Evelina Sycheva
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
The Face

Research background: Analytical research is needed to manage innovation development, which is the relevant background of this work. Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to analyse and evaluate the use of innovative creative technologies to create added value in the face of globalization change. The aim of the study is to compare the dynamics of innovative creative development of Russia and the world leaders. Methods: The Global Innovation Index (GII-2020) is used as a scientific and methodological approach to monitoring and analysing the level of innovative creative processes, based on the study of available statistical sources and studies conducted by Cornell University, INSEAD and WIPO. Findings & Value added: At present, in the conditions of the global crisis and the strengthening of economic sanctions against Russia by the United States and the European Union, the innovative direction of the economic policy of the state is of paramount importance. This is because advances in innovative technologies, more than ever, determine the dynamics of economic growth, the level of well-being of the population. Global innovation indices create an area of research in which innovative factors, including creative activity, are under constant evaluation. This assessment is a key tool for making a decision to improve the development of modern business processes and to determine strategically the priority of the development vectors in the future in order to strengthen the country’s economic position and competitiveness in the face of globalization.

scholarly journals Efficiency of insurance companies in the Czech Republic and Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Grmanová ◽  
Ryszard Pukala
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Commercial Insurance

Research background: The insurance market is an important part of the financial system. The international concept of insurance operations brings certainty and helps to balance the economic results. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to compare  the efficiency of life insurance of commercial insurance companies in the Czech Republic and Poland using the Data Envelopment Analysis model (DEA). Methods: The methods used in the paper are descriptive statistics, DEA model and Tobit regression model. DEA models are nonparametric quantitative models for efficiency assessment. They use linear programming to transform multiple inputs into multiple outputs. The efficiency of the subjects analyzed is assessed based on the efficiency scores.  Findings & Value added: The subject of our analysis was 17 commercial insurance companies in the Czech Republic and 26 commercial insurance companies in Poland. Ten insurance companies were efficient on the common Czech-Polish insurance market. The share of efficient insurance companies was approximately equal. The arithmetic mean of the efficiency scores was higher in Poland than in the Czech Republic. The variability of the efficiency scores of Czech insurance companies was greater than the variability of the efficiency scores of Polish insurance companies. The  correlations with efficiency score as the dependent variable and with market share as the independent variable of Tobit regression were very low.

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