scholarly journals Analyzing the Spatial Heterogeneity of the Built Environment and Its Impact on the Urban Thermal Environment—Case Study of Downtown Shanghai

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11302
Author(s):  
Jiejie Han ◽  
Xi Zhao ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Island Effect

Ongoing urban expansion has accelerated the explosive growth of urban populations and has led to a dramatic increase in the impervious surface area within urban areas. This, in turn, has exacerbated the surface heat island effect within cities. However, the importance of the surface heat island effect within urban areas, scilicet the intra-SUHI effect, has attracted less concern. The aim of this study was to quantitatively explore the relationship between the spatial heterogeneity of a built environment and the intra-urban surface heat island (intra-SUHI) effect using the thermally sharpened land surface temperature (LST) and high-resolution land-use classification products. The results show that at the land parcel scale, the parcel-based relative intensity of intra-SUHI should be attributed to the land parcels featured with differential land developmental intensity. Furthermore, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) modeling quantified the relative importance of the spatial heterogeneity indices of the built environment that exhibit a negative contribution to decreasing the parcel-based intra-SUHI effect or a positive contribution to increasing the intra-SUHI effect. Finally, based on the findings of this study, some practical countermeasures towards mitigating the adverse intra-SUHI effect and improving urban climatic adaption are discussed.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF HEAT ISLAND AND ITS RELATION WITH URBANIZATION IN GURUGRAM, DELHI NCR FOR THE PERIOD OF 1990 TO 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W3 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
S. Kushwaha ◽  
Y. Nithiyanandam
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Large City ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Major Satellite

Abstract. Rapid growth in population and land cover makes urban areas more vulnerable to Urban Heat Island. Due to which, cities experience higher mean temperature than its proximate surrounding rural or non-urban area. The relationship between UHI and urbanization is proven in previous studies. Delhi the capital city of India is well known for its extreme heat condition in summer and air pollution. In this study, an attempt has been made to understand UHI behavior in a satellite town of Delhi. Satellite town or cities are the small independent towns built in the vicinity of a large city or metropolitan city. In this paper 4 major satellite towns of Delhi, i.e. Gurugram (name changed from Gurgaon in April 2016), Noida, Faridabad and Ghaziabad has been studied to understand the changing trends in urbanization and temperature. The parameters used are rate of urban expansion, population density, GDP growth and increasing temperature over the last two decades. Gurugram showed the maximum urbanization and identified as study area. Gurugram has undergone a major growth journey from being a small town to ‘The Millennium city’ of the country in a short span. The Landsat images of past three decades ranging from different time period i.e. 1990, 1996, 2002, 2009, 2014 and 2018 were investigated by applying integrated approach of GIS and Remote sensing. The images represent the condition of UHI and urbanization in different period. The temporal change in LULC was used to study the rate of urban growth in last three decades. The results showed the increase in built-up area out of the total area of Gurugram from 10% (i.e.50.6 sq. km) in 1990 to 17.25% (80.5 sq. km) in 2002 which further increased to 45.1% (210.4 sq. km) in 2018. Thermal Infrared band of Landsat series were used to retrieve land surface temperature (LST) intensity of the study period. The results show a positive correlation (r = 0.46) between impervious surfaces and LST. The results of the study could be helpful in identifying the causative factors and level of impacts in different zones and also enable us to develop a mitigation strategy based on spatial decision support system.

scholarly journals Changes in Urbanization and Urban Heat Island Effect in Dhaka City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S M Shanawaz Uddin ◽  
Najeebullah Khan ◽  
Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul I ◽  
Mohammad Kamruzzaman ◽  
Shamsuddin Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Abstract Urbanization changes the local environment, resulting in urban heat island (UHI) effect and deteriorating human life quality. Knowledge of urban environments and temperature changes is important to outline the urban planning process for mitigation of UHI effect. The study aimed to assess the changes in urban areas and UHI effects in Dhaka city, Bangladesh from 2001to 2017, using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily day- and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) data from 2001to 2017. The expansion of the city was calculated using the city clustering algorithm (CCA). The temperature of the identified urbanized area was analyzed and compared with the adjacent regions. The changes in urban temperature were estimated using non-parametric statistical methods. The results showed that the Dhaka city area has grown by 19.12% and its inhabitants by 76.65% during 2001–2017. Urban expansion and dense settlements caused an increase in average temperature in some areas of Dhaka city nearly 3°C compared to that at its boundary. The day and night temperatures at Dhaka city's warmest location were nearly 7 and 5ºC, respectively, more than the coolest point outside the city. The city's annual average day- and nighttime temperature was increasing at a rate of 0.03° and 0.023°C/year over the period 2001–2017. The rising temperature would increase the UHI effect in the future, which combined with high humidity, may cause a significant increase in public health risk in the city if mitigation practices are not followed.

Quantitative Analysis on Steel Framed Roof’s Temperature Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 517-520
Author(s):  
Jie Ying Xiao ◽  
Liu Xi Yu ◽  
Na Ji ◽  
Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Landsat Tm Image ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Tm Image ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Relationship

With the high speed urbanization process during last two decades, city underlaying surface area and structure changed rapidly, which resulted in urban heat island effect and a series of thermal environment effect.This topic has been received widespread attention from many researchers. Among all kinds of underlaying surfaces, steel framed roof, as a kind of widely used building material, was found playing an important role on contribution to warm regional thermal environment. So it is necessary to study the relationship between steel framed roof and temperature. Based on analyzing Landsat TM image of Shijiazhuang city by remote sensing software, we found that steel framed roof can warm city environment 2-4℃, its area ratio and land surface temperature have a quadratic curve fitting with correlation of 0.7898.

scholarly journals Outdoor Thermal Environments of Main Types of Urban Areas during Summer: A Field Study in Wuhan, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Xuefei Li ◽  
Keji Yao
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Island Effect

Under the influence of the urban heat island effect, the thermal environments of urban built-up areas are poor, leading to the loss of urban vitality and the extreme deterioration of thermal comfort. In this paper, the outdoor thermal environment in Wuhan’s main urban area is studied via the use of field measurements. From June to August in the years 2015 to 2017, 20 measurement points were selected for monitoring from 08:00 to 19:00 h, which were located in spaces such as residential areas, parklands, commercial streets, and college/university campuses. The measurements for the same types of land and different types of land use are analyzed. A comprehensive thermal environment index is used to quantitatively evaluate the overall situations of thermal environments. The results showed that the cooling effect of vegetation shading was stronger than the effect of water evaporation and the maximum temperature difference between the two cooling methods reached 6.1 °C. The cooling effect of the canopy shading of tall trees was stronger than the effect of grassland transpiration and the maximum temperature difference was 2.8 °C. The streets with higher aspect ratios might improve the ventilation, but the wind speeds remained low, which did not provide a strong cooling effect. This study helps urban planners understand the thermal environment of Wuhan or similar cities with hot summer and diversified urban areas, and puts forward suggestions to reduce the heat island effect from the aspect of building layout, green coverage, shading mode, and street aspect ratio, so as to establish sustainable cities that are climate adaptable and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal evolution of urban thermal environment and its driving factors: Case study of Nanjing, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Menghan ◽  
Dong Suocheng ◽  
Cheng Hao ◽  
Li Fujia
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

AbstractIn recent years, with the rapid urbanization, the urban underlying surface has changed dramatically. Various urban eco-environmental problems have emerged in the world, among which the urban heat island effect has become one of the most obvious urban eco-environmental problems. In this study, Nanjing, China is chosen as the study area. Based on the Landsat8 remote sensing image data in Nanjing from 2014 to 2018, the land surface temperature is retrieved, the spatiotemporal variation track and characteristics of the thermal environment pattern are systematically depicted, and its driving factors are revealed. The results show that: in the past five years, the spatial pattern of heat field in Nanjing has changed from scattered distribution in the periphery of the city to centralized in the center of the city, and the heat island intensity has increased year by year. The changes of administrative divisions, the layout of transportation trunk lines, the transfer of industrial centers, and ecological construction projects are important driving factors for the evolution of land surface thermal environment pattern of these regions. The research results will provide scientific and technological support for similar cities with typical heat island effect in the world to make urban planning and development decisions, and to govern and improve urban ecological environment.

A Study of Urban Thermal Environment Spatial Pattern in Harbin City Based on TM Image

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2768-2771
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yun Long Yao ◽  
Jiao Chen ◽  
Lan Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Harbin City ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

This paper takes land surface temperature as main indicator of urban thermal environment. Using the TM images of September 22, 2010, Harbin city, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of land surface temperature by mono-window algorithm. The results can be summarized as follows. The land surface temperature of estimation in Harbin City was between 9 to 27 °C. According to temperature gradient of different colors, urban land surface temperature was significantly higher than the suburbs in Harbin, and there were a few places, that was, high temperature and low temperature area showed obvious heat island effect. Strong heat island area were in the multiple center, distributed in DaoWai District, Nangang District and along the railway. From the faubourgs to the downtown area, the proportion of heat island increased gradually, the more strong the heat island effect was in the area located in the centre. From the point of the cause of heat island distribution in Harbin city, urban construction, population growth and real estate development were the main influence factors. The results of the study has important reference value for improving ecological environment of Harbin City, and mitigating urban heat island effect.

scholarly journals Urban Heat Island in Wuhan and Its Relationship With Nearby Water Bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Claire Xu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Impact

With predictions of global warming to continue into the near future, heat waves are likely to increase both in frequency and severity. Combined with the fast-developing urban areas and sky-rocketing populations in some regions, urban heat island effect becomes increasingly prominent. This trend has caused numerous problems in energy use, human health, and environmental stress. The purpose of the study in this article is to examine the effects of UHI and its impact on nearby water bodies. Through a series of data, which is collected by using Geospatial visualization tool, the study analyzes the extent to which UHI raises the water temperature in Wuhan, China, and compares lakes in different region of Wuhan to explore the impact of modified land surface and human activities. Given the exacerbation of the urban climatic crisis, the study also presents several potential solutions to a sustainable future in urban areas.

scholarly journals The Changes of Heat Contribution Index in Urban Thermal Environment: A Case Study in Fuzhou

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9638
Author(s):  
Yuan-Bin Cai ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Yan-Hong Chen ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Wen-Bin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
The Impact

With the acceleration of global warming and urbanization, the problem of the thermal environment in urban areas has become increasingly prominent. In this paper, Fuzhou was selected to quantify the impact of land use cover change (LUCC) on land surface temperature (LST). The results showed that from 1993 to 2016, the land use/cover types of the study area changed greatly, especially the change of construction land, which led to an obvious change in the spatial pattern of LST. From 1993 to 2016, the spatial and temporal distribution of LST contributions in Fuzhou was uneven. The central urban area had a positive contribution to the rise of LST, while Minqing and Yongtai had a negative contribution. From the perspective of different land use/land cover types, forest or grass land, cultivated land, and water all made a negative contribution to the increase of surface temperature, while construction land made a positive contribution. Outcomes provided by the multi-distance spatial cluster analysis (Ripley’s K function) showed that there was a scale effect in the concentration and dispersion of LST; from 1993 to 2016, the concentration range of LST in the study area gradually expanded and the degree of concentration increased.

scholarly journals Surface Urban Heat Islands Dynamics in Response to LULC and Vegetation across South Asia (2000–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3177
Author(s):  
Talha Hassan ◽  
Jiahua Zhang ◽  
Foyez Ahmed Prodhan ◽  
Til Prasad Pangali Sharma ◽  
Barjeece Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat

Urbanization is an increasing phenomenon around the world, causing many adverse effects in urban areas. Urban heat island is are of the most well-known phenomena. In the present study, surface urban heat islands (SUHI) were studied for seven megacities of the South Asian countries from 2000–2019. The urban thermal environment and relationship between land surface temperature (LST), land use landcover (LULC) and vegetation were examined. The connection was explored with remote-sensing indices such as urban thermal field variance (UTFVI), surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) and normal difference vegetation index (NDVI). LULC maps are classified using a CART machine learning classifier, and an accuracy table was generated. The LULC change matrix shows that the vegetated areas of all the cities decreased with an increase in the urban areas during the 20 years. The average LST in the rural areas is increasing compared to the urban core, and the difference is in the range of 1–2 (°C). The SUHII linear trend is increasing in Delhi, Karachi, Kathmandu, and Thimphu, while decreasing in Colombo, Dhaka, and Kabul from 2000–2019. UTFVI has shown the poor ecological conditions in all urban buffers due to high LST and urban infrastructures. In addition, a strong negative correlation between LST and NDVI can be seen in a range of −0.1 to −0.6.

scholarly journals Cooling Effect of Different Land Cover Types: A Case Study in Xi’an and Xianyang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Yuhe Ma ◽  
Mudan Zhao ◽  
Jianbo Li ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Lifa Hu
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Land Cover Types ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Urban Heat

One of the climate problems caused by rapid urbanization is the urban heat island effect, which directly threatens the human survival environment. In general, some land cover types, such as vegetation and water, are generally considered to alleviate the urban heat island effect, because these landscapes can significantly reduce the temperature of the surrounding environment, known as the cold island effect. However, this phenomenon varies over different geographical locations, climates, and other environmental factors. Therefore, how to reasonably configure these land cover types with the cooling effect from the perspective of urban planning is a great challenge, and it is necessary to find the regularity of this effect by designing experiments in more cities. In this study, land cover (LC) classification and land surface temperature (LST) of Xi’an, Xianyang and its surrounding areas were obtained by Landsat-8 images. The land types with cooling effect were identified and their ideal configuration was discussed through grid analysis, distance analysis, landscape index analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that an obvious cooling effect occurred in both woodland and water at different spatial scales. The cooling distance of woodland is 330 m, much more than that of water (180 m), but the land surface temperature around water decreased more than that around the woodland within the cooling distance. In the specific urban planning cases, woodland can be designed with a complex shape, high tree planting density and large planting areas while water bodies with large patch areas to cool the densely built-up areas. The results of this study have utility for researchers, urban planners and urban designers seeking how to efficiently and reasonably rearrange landscapes with cooling effect and in urban land design, which is of great significance to improve urban heat island problem.

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