scholarly journals Cognitive Profiles in the WISC-V of Children with ADHD and Specific Learning Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9948
Author(s):  
Angelika Becker ◽  
Monika Daseking ◽  
Julia Kerner auch Koerner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Almost All ◽  
High Comorbidity ◽  
Specific Learning

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a high comorbidity with specific learning disorders (SLD). Children with ADHD and children with SLD show specific cognitive deficits. This study aims to examine similarities and differences between cognitive profiles of children with ADHD + SLD, children with SLD only, and a control group to find out whether specific or shared deficits can be identified for the groups. We compared the WISC-V profiles of 62 children with ADHD and SLD (19 girls, M-age = 10.44; SD = 2.44), 35 children with SLD (13 girls, M-age = 10.21; SD = 2.11) and 62 control children without ADHD or SLD (19 girls, M-age = 10.42; SD = 2.39). The ADHD + SLD group performed worse than the control group in the WISC-V indices WMI, PSI, FSIQ, AWMI, CPI and worse than the SLD group in these indices and the VCI, NVI and GAI. Therefore, compared to children with SLD, children with ADHD + SLD did not show specific impairments in any particular cognitive domain but rather non-specific impairment in almost all indices. Hence, the WISC-V is suited to depict the cognitive strength and weaknesses of an individual child as a basis for targeted intervention.

Neuropsychological Assessment in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Levick
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Educational Management ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Frontal Systems ◽  
Specific Learning

AbstractNeuropsychological assessement of children with ADHD is reviewed in the light of recent research and clincial practice. Traditional psychometric approaches may fail to reveal dificiencies in such children and perfomance levels have to be considered with care due to teh potential confounding effects of attention deficit. Examination of qualitative features of preformance and extension of the range of assessment instruments to include those more sensitive to frontal systems dysfunction are proposed. The distinction between ADHD and specific learning disorders on the basis of neuropsychological assessment and the application in educational management is discussed.

scholarly journals Executive Functions in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Comorbidity Overlaps Between Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and Specific Learning Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Crisci ◽  
Sara Caviola ◽  
Ramona Cardillo ◽  
Irene C. Mammarella
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Specific Learning

The present study examines the comorbidity between specific learning disorders (SLD) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by comparing the neuropsychological profiles of children with and without this comorbidity. Ninety-seven schoolchildren from 8 to 14 years old were tested: a clinical sample of 49 children with ADHD (n = 18), SLD (n = 18) or SLD in comorbidity with ADHD (n = 13), and 48 typically-developing (TD) children matched for age and intelligence. Participants were administered tasks and questionnaires to confirm their initial diagnosis, and a battery of executive function (EF) tasks testing inhibition, shifting, and verbal and visuospatial updating. Using one-way ANOVAs, our results showed that all children in the clinical samples exhibited impairments on EF measures (inhibition and shifting tasks) when compared with TD children. A more specific pattern only emerged for the updating tasks. Only children with SLD had significant impairment in verbal updating, whereas children with ADHD, and those with SLD in comorbidity with ADHD, had the worst performance in visuospatial updating. The clinical and educational implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The Association between Prosocial Behaviour and Peer Relationships with Comorbid Externalizing Disorders and Quality of Life in Treatment-Naïve Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Szabina Velő ◽  
Ágnes Keresztény ◽  
Gyöngyvér Ferenczi-Dallos ◽  
Luca Pump ◽  
Katalin Móra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Treatment Naïve

Several recent studies confirmed that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a negative influence on peer relationship and quality of life in children. The aim of the current study is to investigate the association between prosocial behaviour, peer relationships and quality of life in treatment naïve ADHD samples. The samples included 79 children with ADHD (64 boys and 15 girls, mean age = 10.24 years, SD = 2.51) and 54 healthy control children (30 boys and 23 girls, mean age = 9.66 years, SD = 1.73). Measurements included: The “Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire” and the “Inventar zur Erfassung der Lebensqualität bei Kindern und Jugendlichen”. The ADHD group showed significantly lower levels of prosocial behaviour and more problems with peer relationships than the control group. Prosocial behaviour has a weak positive correlation with the rating of the child’s quality of life by the parents, both in the ADHD group and in the control group. The rating of quality of life and peer relationship problems by the parents also showed a significant negative moderate association in both groups. The rating of quality of life by the child showed a significant negative weak relationship with peer relationships in the ADHD group, but no significant relationship was found in the control group. Children with ADHD and comorbid externalizing disorders showed more problems in peer relationships than ADHD without comorbid externalizing disorders. Based on these results, we conclude that therapy for ADHD focused on improvement of prosocial behaviour and peer relationships as well as comorbid externalizing disorders could have a favourable effect on the quality of life of these children.

scholarly journals Cognitive profiles in bilingual children born to immigrant parents and Italian monolingual native children with specific learning disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Riva ◽  
Renata Nacinovich ◽  
Nadia Bertuletti ◽  
Valentina Montrasi ◽  
Sara Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Specific Learning

Evaluations for Testing Accommodations for Adolescents and Adults with Specific Learning Disorders or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Mapou
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Testing Accommodations ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Specific Learning Disorder ◽  
Disability Law ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Specific Learning

Testing to determine if adolescents or adults have a specific learning disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a niche practice area for psychologists experienced with assessment. Testing may be done to update earlier documentation or to determine whether an individual having difficulty in school or on the job has a learning disability or ADHD that accounts for his or her difficulties. Often, one goal of these evaluations is to determine if an individual qualifies for accommodations on classroom and standardized tests. This chapter describe the author’s training and the information clinicians need to have to complete these evaluations. Clinicians must be familiar with research on learning disabilities and ADHD in adolescents and adults, so that their evaluations will be evidence based, and with disability law. The positive and negative aspects of this practice area and business considerations are discussed. The chapter concludes with advice for how clinicians interested in these evaluations can obtain training.

scholarly journals Correlation between sleep disorder screening and executive dysfunction in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Zambrano-Sanchez ◽  
Jose A. Martinez-Cortes ◽  
Minerva Dehesa-Moreno ◽  
Yolanda del Rio-Carlos ◽  
Adrian Poblano
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire

Objective To compare frequency of sleep disorders (SD) and executive dysfunction (ED) in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a control group. Method We studied 156 children with ADHD with a mean age of 8.5 years, and a control group with 111 children with a mean age of 8.3 years. We utilized the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) to screen SD and the working memory measurement from the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC-IV) to screen ED. Results We did not observe an increased frequency of SD in children with ADHD compared with the controls. However, we did identify ED in children with ADHD; additionally a significant correlation was observed between the type of ADHD and SD and among ED, WISC-IV measurements, and type of SD in children with ADHD. Conclusion An increase of SD frequency in children with ADHD was not observed, but we did identify ED in children with ADHD. Additionally, a correlation among ADHD types, SD, ED, and WISC-IV measurements was observed in children with ADHD.

Fitness Level and Gross Motor Performance of Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Verret ◽  
Phillip Gardiner ◽  
Louise Béliveau
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Gross Motor Performance

The purpose of this study was to assess fitness and gross motor performance of children with ADHD, including users and nonusers of methylphenidate medication. Seventy boys took part in the study. Fitness level of children with ADHD using medication or not, including body composition, flexibility, and muscular endurance, was similar to that of a control group. The only difference was observed for body mass index, which was lower in children with ADHD using medication. Aerobic capacity was also similar when measured by a treadmill test. A lower performance was observed when aerobic capacity was estimated using a field shuttle test, however, suggesting that the methodology used is important. Finally, both groups of children with ADHD presented significantly lower scores for locomotion skills.

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION OF PARENTING STYLE WITH COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Dwi Fitri Genisti ◽  
Ni Komang Sukra Andini ◽  
Ni Luh Gede Puspita Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
P Value ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children

Background: Child development is a very important phase, which children learn various skills as future generations in the future. Disorders that can impede child development process of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD have problems with cognitive abilities, of which about 20-60% of them have learning disorders. The efforts to support cognitive development in ADHD children is to approach the child's environment through parenting parents. Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation of parenting style with cognitive development in the children with ADHD in SLB Negeri 1 Denpasar. Methods: This study used correlational design with cross sectional approach. The sample size of 30 respondents were taken by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using parenting style questionnaire (PSQ) and the average value of odd semester report of 2016/2017 academic year. Results:  The result of this research was found that most parents with democratic parenting type were 19 people (63.3%), authoritarian parenting type were 7 people (23.3%) and permissive parenting were 4 people (13.3%). The result of contingency coefficient test with p-value = 0.039 (p <0.05) and correlation value of 0.501, which mean there was high correlation between parenting style with cognitive development in children with ADHD. Conclusion: It is suggested for parents with ADHD children to be able to provide good parenting for the child's development, especially for the child's cognitive development.

scholarly journals Head motion in children with ADHD during resting-state brain imaging

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-zhen Kong
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Neural Imaging ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Motion Parameters

Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) has become an important method for analyzing the neural mechanisms underlying mental disorders. But studies targeting head motion during an rs-fMRI examination are rare. Since head motion may pollute the data in the neural imaging studies and further mislead the understanding of the causes of some disorders, systematic investigations on this topic were badly needed. To this end, in this study, children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and demographically-matched typically developing control (TDC) participants underwent an rs-fMRI examination. We obtained a summary motion index and six mean single head motion parameters (three translational and three rotational) for each participant. With the summary index, we found that motion was significantly increased in the ADHD group and the results showed that the increase was mainly contributed by the motion around and along the superior-to-inferior direction. Moreover, the classification analysis showed that these head motion parameters during scanning could accurately distinguish children with ADHD from the healthy control group. These results suggest that accounting for head motion during scanning may be helpful for ADHD diagnosis and treatment with neuroimaging.

Distinctive Linguistic Styles in Children with ADHD

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungil Kim ◽  
Chang Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry

To assess whether the writing styles of children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) combined type differ significantly from those of children in a nonclinical control group, writing samples from 17 children with ADHD combined type and 18 children in a nonclinical control group were compared using the language analysis program Korean Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. These writing samples, produced in response to instructions, served as dependent variables. Analysis showed that children with ADHD used fewer linguistic variables (e.g., sentences, phrases, and morphemes) than the control group. In addition, the ADHD group used fewer words reflecting cognitive processes and fewer pronouns than members of the control group. Also, the ADHD group showed a different pattern in the use of words referring to friends. This study provides preliminary descriptive data on language use among children diagnosed with a main subtype of ADHD.

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