scholarly journals Assessing Peruvian University Students’ Preferences for Labor Conditions in Mining Site

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9648
Author(s):  
Shuto Mikami ◽  
Yutaka Ito ◽  
Hernan Gabriel Oyola Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Stable Employment

The mining industry is one of the biggest industries and has a strong impact in Peru. Despite the mining industry’s importance, it faces labor shortages and environmental risks. For these situations, mining students are important sources of workers not only as labor forces but also as skilled workers who can contribute to solving the environmental issues of mining companies. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to assess Peruvian university mining students’ preferences for labor conditions in mining sites using a discrete choice experiment in order to promote efficient improvements in labor conditions in mining sites that contribute to stable employment and address environmental concerns. The number of respondents was 222 in two Peruvian universities, including males and females aged 16–35 years. The analysis’s findings indicate that labor conditions at mining sites can be optimized by adjusting them to specific individual characteristics of potential mining workers, resulting in a more efficient working environment for companies and workers.

scholarly journals Applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Mining from Exploration to Reclamation: A Review

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebeom Park ◽  
Yosoon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Exploration Exploitation

Over the past decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been used in the mining industry for various applications from mineral exploration to mine reclamation. This study aims to review academic papers on the applications of UAVs in mining by classifying the mining process into three phases: exploration, exploitation, and reclamation. Systematic reviews were performed to summarize the results of 65 articles (June 2010 to May 2020) and outline the research trend for applying UAVs in mining. This study found that UAVs are used at mining sites for geological and structural analysis via remote sensing, aerial geophysical survey, topographic surveying, rock slope analysis, working environment analysis, underground surveying, and monitoring of soil, water, ecological restoration, and ground subsidence. This study contributes to the classification of current UAV applications during the mining process as well as the identification of prevalent UAV types, data acquired by sensors, scales of targeted areas, and styles of flying control for the applications of UAVs in mining.

scholarly journals University Students’ Preferences for Labour Conditions at a Mining Site: Evidence from Two Australian Universities

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Yutaka Ito ◽  
Shuto Mikami ◽  
Hyongdoo Jang ◽  
Abbas Taheri ◽  
Kenta Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Monetary Compensation ◽  
Australian Universities

The mining industry makes up a large portion of the gross domestic product (GDP) in Australia, although securing human resources remains a problem in that field. The aim of this paper is to identify Australian university mining students’ preferences, considering it as potential employees’ preferences, for labour conditions at mining sites by means of a discrete choice experiment to promote efficient improvements in labour conditions in the mining industry. The data of 93 respondents analysed in this paper was collected by survey carried out in two universities in Australia. The result of the study showed that students have preferences on several factors such as wage, fatality rate, working position, commuting style, and company. Students having specific sociodemographic characters were found to show specific preferences on labour conditions. The results of this study indicate the potential average of appropriate monetary compensation for each factor.

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of copper mining and related industrial activities on aquatic macroinvertebrate communities of the Pek River (Serbia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-23
Author(s):  
Jelena Canak-Atlagic ◽  
Stefan Andjus ◽  
Jelena Djuknic ◽  
Ana Milivojevic ◽  
Katarina Kulic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
River Stretch ◽  
The Impact

The upper stretch of the Pek River is located in proximity to one of the largest mining sites in Serbia. To estimate the influence of copper mining on river biota, the quantitative and qualitative macroinvertebrate community structure was analyzed, and the ecological status of the river was assessed using standard biological indices. Data was gathered at 6 sites along the river. A total of 75 macroinvertebrate taxa were recorded. The reference site had the highest number of recorded taxa (48) and a high biodiversity (diversity index H=2.3). In contrast, the lowest number of taxa (8), a low diversity index value (H=1.15), and a very poor overall ecological status were recorded at site 2, which is heavily influenced by mining discharge. The Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera group (EPT) constituted 46.30% of the community at site 1 but was completely absent at site 2 where Diptera (70%) and Oligochaeta (20%) were dominant, reflecting a strong impact of the mining industry on the upper river stretch. A gradual improvement of water quality downstream of the pollution sources indicates that this medium-sized river has the capacity to overcome intensive pollution and to revitalize itself along its course.

scholarly journals A Model for the Mental Health Evaluation of Skilled Workers in Technology-Based Companies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moein Yousefi ◽  
Iman Raeesi Vanani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
Mental Problems ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Human resources are considered as one of the most valuable assets of an organization. Therefore, the top priorities of organizational managers include paying attention to manpower and providing necessary facilities to bring about satisfaction with workplace and working conditions in the light of mental and physical health. Accordingly, mental health has partly been neglected by managers because it lacks concrete and tangible aspects on the contrary to other organizational dimensions such as buildings and machinery. This study was conducted to achieve the fundamental goal of identifying the aspects and characteristics affecting the mental health of employees at technology-based companies as well as the factors resulting in mental problems and disorders. It was also decided to develop a model to predict affliction or non-affliction with mental problems among employees in the long term. For this purpose, this study focused on data mining techniques in order to identify latent relationships and introduce a prediction model. Therefore, the important and major factors were identified as individual characteristics, occupational characteristics, organizational performance features, and organizational governing culture features in mental health. The analysis and evaluation of results indicated that Classification algorithms managed to predict the mental health of employees with nearly %85 of accuracy. Besides, Clustering algorithms succeeded in dividing the samples into high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk classes. The designed models can help organizational managers identify the factors affecting the mental health of employees and predict the chances of affliction with mental health disorders to prevent destructive harm to employees and organizations.

scholarly journals Exploring and Expanding the Category of ‘Young Workers’ According to Situated Ways of Doing Risk and Safety—a Case Study in the Retail Industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Lykke Nielsen ◽  
Johnny Dyreborg ◽  
Pete Kines ◽  
Kent J. Nielsen ◽  
Kurt Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Student Workers ◽  
Retail Workers

Young adult workers aged 18–24 years have the highest risk of accidents at work. Following the work of Bourdieu and Tannock, we demonstrate that young adult workers are a highly differentiated group. Accordingly, safety prevention among young adult workers needs to be nuanced in ways that take into consideration the different positions and conditions under which young adult workers are employed. Based on single and group interviews with 26 young adult workers from six various sized supermarkets, we categorize young adult retail workers into the following five distinct groups: ‘Skilled workers,’ ‘Apprentices,’ ‘Sabbatical year workers,’ ‘Student workers,’ and ‘School dropouts.’ We argue that exposure to accidental risk is not equally distributed among them and offer an insight into the narratives of young adult workers on the subject of risk situations at work. The categorizations are explored and expanded according to the situated ways of ‘doing’ risk and safety in the working practices of the adult workers. We suggest that the understanding of ‘young’ as an age-related biological category might explain why approaches to prevent accidents among young employees first and foremost include individual factors like advice, information, and supervision and to a lesser degree the structural and cultural environment wherein they are embedded. We conclude that age cannot stand alone as the only factor in safety prevention directed at workers aged 18–24 years; if we do so, there is a risk of overemphasizing age-related individual characteristics such as awareness and cognitive limitations before structural, relational, and hierarchical dimensions at the workplace.

scholarly journals Levels of heavy metals in soils and food crops cultivated within selected mining sites in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
David Okechukwu Okeke ◽  
◽  
Jonathan Chinenye Ifemeje ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Health Association ◽  
Health Organization

The level of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, Mg, Ca, Hg, Ni, Cr, Zn, Ag, Co, Mo, Se and Al) in soils and food crops (okra, cassava and rice) cultivated within selected mining sites in Ebonyi State, Nigeria were determined using FS240AA Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) according to the method of American Public Health Association (APHA). Soil samples were collected from Enyigba mining site, Ikwo mining site, AmeriAmekamining site, Izza mining site, MkpumeAkwatakwa mining site and MpumeAkwaokuku mining site while the food crop samples (okra, cassava and rice) were collected from the farmlands within the mining sites. Control samples were collected 500m away from the mining destinations were there was no evidence of mining activities on the soils. A total of sixty sub-samples and six control soil samples were collected for this study. Generally, the values of all the heavy metals analyzed for soil and food crop samples were higher than the values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and those from the control site suggesting possible mobility of the metals from mining sites to farmlands through leaching and runoffs. The findings in this study also revealed that the food crops contain heavy metals exceeding the maximum permissible concentration, and could be detrimental to human health when they are consumed.

Measurement survey using acoustic measurement network and sound environment evaluation system by experience sampling

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 5063-5070
Author(s):  
Kengo Togashi ◽  
Akiko Sugahara ◽  
Yasuhiro Nagasawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Hiraguri ◽  
Kazunori Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
Trial Basis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intellectual Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The use of open-plan offices is increasing as they are effective in improving intellectual productivity by fostering a communication among workers. Previous research on the relationship between the indoor sound environment and intellectual productivity has mostly reported the impact of the sound environment on the tasks that individuals work on. However, there has been no research on the impact of sound environment on office spaces where multiple workers are actually working. In this study, we developed a system that can analyze the individual characteristics of workers in relation to the sound environment by simultaneously measuring their evaluation to the sound environment and the sound environment of the office. The system collected workers' evaluation of their impressions to the sound environment through a regular questionnaire using the experience sampling method. At the same time, it measured the sound environment of the office with multiple small measurement devices. The obtained sound environment evaluation data and the acoustic data of the office were stored in a single database. Finally, this system was run in a working environment to evaluate the sound environment on a trial basis.

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF RIVER WATER IN GOLD MINING AREAS OF CAMBODIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
SATOSHI MURAO ◽  
FUMITAKA NISHIYAMA ◽  
SOTHAM SIENG
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The University

In Cambodia, artisanal mining has recently come to a social concern because of the possibility to cause environmental degradation and human health problems. The General Department of Mineral Resources of Cambodia is collecting environmental specimens in mining sites to watch the situation. This time, four water samples from Sampov Loon and one from Memong mining site were sent from the Department to Hiroshima University, Japan, and the samples were analyzed by means of PIXE at the University. A volume of 10 μl from each sample was separated and dropped onto 4 μm polypropylene backing foil. The measurement was carried out by using 2.5 MV single-ended Van de Graaff accelerator. A Si(Li) detector (active area, 80mm2; sensitive depth, 5mm; Be -window's thickness, 25 μm; resolution, 167 eV fwhm at 5.9 keV) was used for both of in vacuo PIXE and non-vacuum external beam PIXE measurement. A computer code PIXS was used for the quantification. The result indicates that there are at least two kinds of water in Sampov Loon and one of them possibly represents polluted condition.

scholarly journals Multilevel Analysis of 24-Hour Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Associated Factors among Police Officers in Hanoi, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Thi Minh An ◽  
Luu Ngoc Hoat ◽  
Dinh Thai Son ◽  
Do Thanh Toan ◽  
Luu Ngoc Minh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Time Section ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Traffic Policemen ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Background. Due to long-hour outdoor working environment, policemen have been subjected to tremendous health risks including blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In tropical countries, the temperature is extremely harsh which may get peak at above 40 Celsius degrees or drops under 8 Celsius degrees. However, the existing data on the effects of weather variation on BP and HR among police task force has been scarce in Vietnam. Aims. This study aimed to describe the variation of 24-hour BP and HR and identify factors associated with BP and HR for further appropriate interventions in order to reduce health risks from occupational exposure. Methods. Multilevel regression analysis (MLRA) was applied with two levels of influent factors. 24-hour holter measured systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HR values were the first level which should then be nested in the second level (individual). 24-hour temperature and humidity variations were extracted, respectively, from Hanoi Hydrometeorology Department. All individual characteristics and risk behaviours were measured within 24 studying hours. Results. Temperature and humidity were major factors that influenced (74%-78%) the variation of BP and HR among the policemen population. When each of the Celsius degree temperature or percentage humidity increases, the SBP goes down by 0.44 (0.11-0.77) and by 0.2 (0.33-0.77), respectively, and the DBP goes down by 0.21 (-0.05-0.48) and by 0.12 (0.02-0.22), respectively, and vice versa. Interaction between temperature and humidity was significantly influent to SBP. The farther the time section from the first time section (0-6AM) the more the variation of the BP and HR. Transition from winter to summer made SBP and DBP decrease and vice versa. Individual characteristics including body mass index (BMI), bad life styles, and stress contributed 22% to 26% to the variation of BP and HR. Traffic policemen were at the greatest risks of the outdoor ambient variation in comparison with the firefighters and office-based policemen. Conclusion. Designing and equipping appropriate uniform and outdoor facilities could help to reduce influence of temperature and humidity variation in the outdoor workplace. Besides, training and educating programs that aimed at controlling BMI, risk behaviours, and stress for police taskforce, especially the traffic policemen, should be implemented.

Inkan Seals as Tools of Labor Selection in Early 20th Century Mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-257
Author(s):  
Mayo MORIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Referral Hiring

Abstract In this study, I analyze a hiring mechanism prevalent in the coal mining industry in the first decade of the 1900s by investigating ‘job applications’, which are assumed to have functioned as employment contracts. These job applications include the names, ages, addresses, and previous occupations of 775 applicants, as well as the names of respective referrers, all of which have been compiled in a database. It is noteworthy that some of the applicants affixed personal seals to their job applications. At the time, the use of seals—a traditional Japanese practice—was not pervasive throughout the entire citizenry, as it is now. Coal miners of that era tended to be rustic people with little formal education who were accorded a relatively low socio-economic status. In this article, we explore possible motivations underlying their use of seals. Our results indicate a statistically significant tendency toward the use of seals among these relatively low-skilled workers, as well as a tendency for applicants who used seals to be hired directly by the mining company, rather than through referral hiring, even though the latter was widely used at the time. These trends are consistent with the supposition that the company sought disciplined and diligent workers to hire people who owned seals. This is also consistent with the supposition that low-skilled workers employed seals as a signal to project an image of diligence.

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