scholarly journals Vulnerability among European Youth: A Proposal for a Multidimensional Approach (2013–2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9252
Author(s):  
Álvaro Moro ◽  
Concepción Maiztegui-Oñate ◽  
Josu Solabarrieta
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
European Youth ◽  
Insight Into

The notion of vulnerability has acquired an important role in social policy debates. Therefore, the identification of vulnerable groups and their conditions is particularly important for the orientation of public policies and risk reduction. This article aims to offer a broad vision of the situation of European youth (15–29) using three dimensions of vulnerability (personal, economic and socio-cultural dimensions). To do so, we developed a multidimensional approach combining a system of indicators (N = 33) to contrast the evolution of the aforementioned dimensions among the European countries. Based on secondary analysis of quantitative data on European member states, we compared the evolution during two moments in time. The first period examined was 2012–2014, after the global financial crises but prior to the implementation of Youth Guarantee, whereas the second was the period which allowed for an examination of the latest updated data available (2017). Our results confirm territorial imbalances that affect the lives of European youth and their future opportunities. Northern countries led this scenario combining an inclusive education system with supportive labor market policies offering more opportunities to overcome risks. Although this multidimensional analysis is exploratory, its findings provide preliminary insight into the configuration of the dimensions of vulnerability in European youth.

Children with Disabilities: Achievements, Prospects, and Challenges Ahead

2020 ◽  
pp. 593-613
Author(s):  
Maya Sabatello ◽  
Mary Frances Layden
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
The World ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Successes And Challenges

Children with disabilities are among the most vulnerable groups in the world—and a children’s rights approach is key for reversing historical wrongs and for promoting an inclusive future. To establish this argument, this chapter explores the state of affairs and legal protections for upholding the rights of children with disabilities. It critically examines major developments in the international framework that pertain to the rights of children with disabilities, and it considers some of the prime achievements—and challenges—that arise in the implementation of a child-friendly disability rights agenda. The chapter then zooms in on two particularly salient issues for children with disabilities, namely, inclusive education and deinstitutionalization, and highlights the successes and challenges ahead. The final section provides some concluding thoughts about the present and the prospect of upholding the human rights of children with disabilities.

scholarly journals The House of Marie Shannon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sally Margaret Apthorp
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Domestic Architecture ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Camera Obscura ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
Domestic Lives ◽  
Architectural Tradition ◽  
Light And Shadow ◽  
Insight Into

<p>This thesis creatively explores the architectural implications present in the photographs by New Zealand photographer Marie Shannon. The result of this exploration is a house for Shannon. The focus is seven of Shannon's interior panoramas from 1985-1987 in which architectural space is presented as a domestic stage. In these photograph's furniture and objects are the props and Shannon is an actress. This performance, with Shannon both behind and in front of her camera, creates a double insight into her world; architecture as a stage to domestic life, and a photographers view of domestic architecture. Shannon's view on the world enables a greater understanding to our ordinary, domestic lives. Photography is a revealing process that teaches us to see more richly in terms of detail, shading, texture, light and shadow. Through an engagement with photographs and understanding architectural space through a photographer's eye, the hidden, secret or unnoticed aspects to Shannon's reality will be revealed. This insight into another's reality may in turn enable a deeper understanding of our own. The methodology was a revealing process that involved experimenting with Shannon's panoramic photographs. Models and drawing, through photographic techniques, lead to insights both formally in three dimensions and at surface level in two dimensions. These techniques and insights were applied to the site through the framework of a camera obscura. Shannon's new home is created by looking at her photographs with an architect's 'eye'. Externally the home acts as a closed vessel, a camera obscura. But internally rich and intriguing forms, surfaces, textures and shadings are created. Just as the camera obscura projects an exterior scene onto the interior, so does the home. Shannon will inhabit this projection of the shadows which oppose 30 O'Neill Street, Ponsonby, Auckland; her past home and site of her photographs. Photographers, and in particular Shannon, look at the architectural world with fresh eyes, free from an architectural tradition. Photography and the camera enable an improved power of sight. More is revealed to the camera. Beauty is seen in the ordinary, with detail, tone, texture, light and dark fully revealed. As a suspended moment, a deeper understanding and opportunity is created to observe and appreciate this beauty. Through designing with a photographer's eye greater insight is gained into Shannon's 'reality'. This 'revealing' process acts as a means of teaching us how to see pictorial beauty that is inherent in our ordinary lives. This is the beauty that is often hidden in secret, due to our unseeing eyes. This project converts the photographs beauty back into three dimensional architecture.</p>

scholarly journals Quality of Inclusive Educational System for Work with Students with Autism Different Needs in Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Vita Voitkāne
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
School System ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Students With Autism ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
General School ◽  
Insight Into

The need for realization of inclusive education, which is the basis of a sustainable education, will require new challenges in the Education System. The system used in Italy can be used as an example. Italy passed avant-garde laws concerning the integration and inclusion of special needs students into the general school system already more than thirty years ago, in the 1970s. However, even after all this time and experience, there are still unresolved problems, which testifies to the complexities of the matter. This research offers an insight into the quality of the existing Italian inclusive education system specifically in relation to students with autism. Thereby it hopes to provide educators in Latvia with food for thought about this currently important topic.

scholarly journals Intestinal organoids for modelling intestinal development and disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1750) ◽  
pp. 20170217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Fair ◽  
Jennifer Colquhoun ◽  
Nicholas R. F. Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Intestinal Organoids ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Human Specific

Gastrointestinal diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent in developed countries. Immortalized cells and animal models have delivered important but limited insight into the mechanisms that initiate and propagate these diseases. Human-specific models of intestinal development and disease are desperately needed that can recapitulate structure and function of the gut in vitro . Advances in pluripotent stem cells and primary tissue culture techniques have made it possible to culture intestinal epithelial cells in three dimensions that self-assemble to form ‘intestinal organoids'. These organoids allow for new, human-specific models that can be used to gain insight into gastrointestinal disease and potentially deliver new therapies to treat them. Here we review current in vitro models of intestinal development and disease, considering where improvements could be made and potential future applications in the fields of developmental modelling, drug/toxicity testing and therapeutic uses. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you'.

scholarly journals The financialisation of urban infrastructure: A framework of analysis

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1304-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Financial Asset ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Insight Into

The literature on the financialisation of urban infrastructure typically traces how an infrastructure asset’s balance sheet is (re)engineered to create a financial asset. What the literature neglects are the processes by which an asset generates urban flows. Attention to these processes, we argue, not only gives better insight into the processes of financialisation of infrastructure but also exposes how the act of financing affects the operations of cities through its influence on the performance of infrastructure assets. The argument presented in the article is informed by case studies of infrastructure investments revealed in interviews conducted in New York, London and Sydney. This material is drawn on to generate a framework for understanding the relationships between infrastructure investing and the infrastructure-enabled flows of a city. This framework has three dimensions through which the financialisation process is seen to be mediated. These are capital structure, organisational structure and regulatory structure. The article argues that these mezzanine-level conceptualisations enable us to explore the to-and-fro between financing and operating cities. A key proposition is that the physical flows of a city are basic not only to the design and enactment of an investment instrument but also to its financial viability. The realisation of this relationship has changed the way investors approach infrastructure assets as investment products. Implications for urban management are drawn.

scholarly journals Mesoscopic 3D imaging of pancreatic cancer and Langerhans islets based on tissue autofluorescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Hahn ◽  
Christoffer Nord ◽  
Oskar Franklin ◽  
Tomas Alanentalo ◽  
Martin Isaksson Mettävainio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Sheet ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Resection Margins ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Islet Mass ◽  
Optical Projection ◽  
3D Microenvironment ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The possibility to assess pancreatic anatomy with microscopic resolution in three dimensions (3D) would significantly add to pathological analyses of disease processes. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a bleak prognosis with over 90% of the patients dying within 5 years after diagnosis. Cure can be achieved by surgical resection, but the efficiency remains drearily low. Here we demonstrate a method that without prior immunohistochemical labelling provides insight into the 3D microenvironment and spread of PDAC and premalignant cysts in intact surgical biopsies. The method is based solely on the autofluorescent properties of the investigated tissues using optical projection tomography and/or light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. It does not interfere with subsequent histopathological analysis and may facilitate identification of tumor-free resection margins within hours. We further demonstrate how the developed approach can be used to assess individual volumes and numbers of the islets of Langerhans in unprecedently large biopsies of human pancreatic tissue, thus providing a new means by which remaining islet mass may be assessed in settings of diabetes. Generally, the method may provide a fast approach to provide new anatomical insight into pancreatic pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Street-connectedness and education in Kenya: Experiences of formal schooling as rationale for inclusive pedagogies of practice

Prospects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-280
Author(s):  
Su Lyn Corcoran ◽  
Lillian Aoko Awimbo ◽  
Kelvin Mugwanga ◽  
Irene Atieno Aluoch
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis article contributes to the literature on street-connectedness and inclusive education, presenting original research findings from two Kenyan studies. Both studies aim to understand street-connected young people’s experiences of education. The first focused on transitioning from the street into education or training, to explore the challenges of making that transition. The second focused on young people who had lived on the street for extended periods of time and were still there at the time of data generation. Both studies generated significant insight into (a) education as motivating initial migrations to the street, (b) the role of fear, embarrassment, and shame in preventing young people from going (back) into formal education, and (c) how acceptance and support are key to overcoming feelings of not belonging and other challenges when transitioning from the street into school. The article provides empirical evidence that should be considered when planning inclusive education provision for street-connected young people globally.

scholarly journals What national governance codes say about corporate culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-917
Author(s):  
Marie-Fleur Lobrij ◽  
Muel Kaptein ◽  
Mijntje Lückerath-Rovers
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Governance Codes ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This study aims to provide insight into the current incorporation of corporate culture in national corporate governance codes. The authors identify three levels of incorporation for each of the following three dimensions: layers of corporate culture (the “what”), the alignment of corporate culture in the organization (the “for whom”) and the board’s roles regarding corporate culture (the “how”). Design/methodology/approach To assess the extent to which national codes have incorporated corporate culture, the authors used a sample of 88 national corporate governance codes. The authors performed a content analysis of these codes using a computer-aided text analysis program. The first step involved the identification of dimensions of corporate culture per national code. These dimensions were then assessed based on three levels of incorporation. Finally, the authors ranked national codes with similar levels of incorporation per dimension and aggregated the dimensions. Findings The data show that five of the 88 national corporate governance codes that the authors analysed scored the highest level in all three dimensions of corporate culture. Originality/value This is the first study to provide an overview of what national corporate governance codes say about corporate culture. The authors address two gaps in the existing literature. First, the authors develop and use a richer conceptualization of how corporate culture can be addressed in national corporate governance codes. Second, the authors analyse these corporate governance codes worldwide.

Overseas financial investigation of organised crime

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Brown ◽  
Samantha Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the problems that arise when undertaking a financial investigation that involves tracing assets in foreign jurisdictions. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a secondary analysis of data collected as part of a qualitative study of the role of financial investigation in tackling organised crime. This was based on interviews with investigating officers, financial investigators and Crown Prosecution Service representatives associated with 60 cases. Of the 60 cases, 36 were found to have an international dimension. Findings – The study found a number of problems with undertaking overseas financial investigations. These included problems with the letter of request process, difficulties tracking assets in some countries and problems with tracing funds transferred through money service bureaux. Informal contact on a police-to-police basis was generally considered an effective means of improving the quality of information received. Research limitations/implications – This study is based on just 60 cases of organised crime in which financial investigation was used. The extent to which these findings can be generalised to other cases is unclear. Practical implications – The study highlights the most common obstacles to overseas financial investigation that should be addressed. In addition, the importance of informal contact with overseas police jurisdictions may highlight a means of improving requests for assistance. Originality/value – This paper provides an important insight into the views of operational staff undertaking overseas financial investigations and as such highlights the particular difficulties in this work.

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