scholarly journals A Win–Win Scenario for Agricultural Green Development and Farmers’ Agricultural Income: An Empirical Analysis Based on the EKC Hypothesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8278
Author(s):  
Yuanying Chi ◽  
Yangmei Xu ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Feng Jin ◽  
Jialin Li
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implications ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Capital Deepening ◽  
Green Development

Due to severe resource and environmental constraints, agricultural green development is a vital step for the low-carbon development of China. How to achieve the goal of a win–win scenario that simultaneously improves agricultural green total factor productivity (GTFP) and farmers’ agricultural income was the main focus of this study. Based on the panel dataset for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2018, this study calculated the agricultural GTFP using the global Malmquist–Luenberger (GML) index to measure the green development of agriculture. Furthermore, this study investigated the relationship between the agricultural GTFP and agricultural income in an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework, together with the key factors affecting agricultural GTFP. The main results show that, first, driven by technical progress, the agricultural GTFP gradually increased across the country, while there existed a certain degree of heterogeneity in the growth of different regions. Second, the relationships between the agricultural GTFP and agricultural income exhibited a significant U-shape for the whole country and the four regions, indicating that a win–win scenario can be achieved between green development and income level. Third, industrialization and urbanization negatively affected agricultural GTFP, capital deepening played a positive role, and due to the mediated effect of capital deepening, the outflow of the agricultural labor force did not cause substantial harm to agricultural GTFP. The findings of our study provide useful policy implications for the promotion and development of agriculture in China.

scholarly journals Key Factors Influencing Low-Carbon Behaviors of Staff in Star-Rated Hotels—An Empirical Study of Eastern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8222
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Peng Mao ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Jiawei Wei ◽  
Hongyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Perceived Behavior Control

To guide sustainable development in the hospitality industry requires hotel staff engagement, so what causes and how to facilitate the implementation of low-carbon behaviors should be high priorities. However, most prior studies focused on hotel guest behavior or discussed, on an individual level, the psychological aspects of the factors of the low-carbon behavior of either managers or employees. Therefore, this research aims to examine the effect of influencing factors inside and outside of the hotel context on hotel staff’s low-carbon behaviors in star-rated hotels. A set of influencing factors were identified by using literature retrieval, ground theory and in-depth interviews. Structural equation modelling was then applied with 440 valid questionnaires collected from representative star-rated hotels in Eastern China. The results revealed that low-carbon managerial activities, strategic orientation, social norms, and perceived behavior control were four key factors affecting the low-carbon behavior adoption of staff from star-rated hotels. Among them, low-carbon managerial activities were found to be the strongest factor affecting hotel staff’s low-carbon behaviors. Consumer attitude, however, exerted no significant impact. Targeted strategies were finally proposed for the improvement of hotel staff’s low-carbon behavior from the perspectives of hoteliers and governments. This study contributes to the generation mechanism of low-carbon behavior among staff and, in practice, towards behavioral improvement by providing comprehensive insights about the attribution of factors belonging to multiple dimensions related to the low-carbon behavior of staff in the hotel industry.

Low-Carbon Innovation, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: Evidence From a Dynamic Spatial Panel Approach in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caijiang Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Zhangwen Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
High Emission

Abstract Low-carbon innovation plays an essential role in carbon reduction worldwide. This study investigates how low-carbon innovation affects carbon emissions by the Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model based on 30 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2017. The empirical results show that: First, there exists provincial agglomeration of carbon emissions. High emission provinces concentrate in major economic zones and energy extraction areas. Second, low-carbon innovation decreases carbon emissions in general. The spillover effects are higher than the direct effects in the short run, but the spillover effects are not significant in the long run. Third, the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is valid both in the short-run and long-run. Ninety percent of the provinces' GDP is above the inflection point by 2017. The summary of policy implications is as follows. First, targeted incentives for R&D in low-carbon technologies are needed; Second, the externalities of low-carbon innovation require attention; Third, energy transition need to be promoted as soon as possible.

Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shemelis Kebede Hundie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between income inequality, economic growth and CO2 emissions is ambiguous both theoretically and empirically. Hence, this study examines the link between income inequality and CO2 emissions in Ethiopia for time span covering 1979–2014 using ARDL bounds test and DOLS approach to cointegration. The Zivot-Andrews unit root test and Clemente-Montanes-Reyes unit root test reveal that some of the variables under consideration are stationary at level while others become stationary after first differencing. Both ARDL and DOLS approaches confirm that there is a long-run relationship among the series during the study period. The long-run empirical results show that a 1% increase in economic growth accounts for a 1.05% increase in CO2 emissions while a 1% increase in economic growth squared reduces CO2 emissions by 0.11%. The U-test result reveals that the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth confirms existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. The effect of income inequality on CO2 is not robust to alternative estimation techniques; it is statistically insignificant under the ARDL estimation, but DOLS estimates show that a 1% increase in income inequality increases CO2 emissions by 0.21% in the long-run during the study period. In the long-run a 1% rise in urbanization, population size, energy intensity and industrialization each positively contribute to environmental degradation in Ethiopia by 0.38%, 0.22%, 0.07% and 0.11% respectively. Results from the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality show a bidirectional causal relationship between CO2 emissions and all other variables except economic growth. CO2 emissions granger causes economic growth with no feedback effect. Results suggested important policy implications in the light of achieving its 2030 targets of low-carbon economy for Ethiopia.

Estimation of Factors Affecting Job Migration in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Job Migration ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Logit Regression ◽  
Logit Regression Model ◽  
Number Of Males

This study utilized the logit regression model with data from the Vietnamese Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS) in 2016 to discover key factors that determined the probability of job migration in Vietnam. The estimated results of the model indicated that there were seven factors affecting job migration of households including the proportion of people with high school or higher qualification, the proportion of dependents, the number of males, the rate of income from non-agricultural fields, ethnics, areas and households’ living standards compared to the previous five years. In particular, the rate of non-agricultural income had a positive impact on households’ job migration, while other factors had negative effects on households’ job migration. Households’ accommodations and living standards had made great impacts on households whose family members working far away from home and even being helpers.

scholarly journals Analysis of GDP Trends and Inequalities in Vietnam’s Provinces and Groups of Provinces

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Xuan-Binh Vu ◽  
Son Nghiem
Keyword(s):  
National Average ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Per Capita

Our recent paper (Vu et al., 2016) applied the Phillips and Sul’s method (2007, 2009) and found that the 61 provinces of Vietnam were formed in five convergence sub-groups. This current paper identifies trends and patterns of inequality in provincial GDP per capita of each sub-group of provinces in Vietnam during the period 1990-2011. It also analyses the growth path of each province compared with that of the reference economy [Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and the national average]. The results show that there were the downward trends of inequality in GDP per capita of each sub-group. Also, during the period 1990-1994, most provinces diverged from HCMC but during the period 2004-2011, all provinces tended to converge to it. However, there were few poorest provinces, which tend to be located in geographically and economically isolated regions of Vietnam. This paper analyses main characteristics of provinces and key factors affecting the trends and patterns of disparities in GDP per capita of each sub-group. Furthermore, several policy implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of early fruit development in Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) and functional identification of PbCCR1 in lignin biosynthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqiang Su ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Guohui Li ◽  
Xi Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chinese White ◽  
Key Enzyme

Abstract Background The content of stone cells and lignin is one of the key factors affecting the quality of pear fruit. In a previous study, we determined the developmental regularity of stone cells and lignin in ‘Dangshan Su’ pear fruit 15-145 days after pollination (DAP). However, the development of fruit stone cells and lignin before 15 DAP has not been heavily researched. Results In this study, we found that primordial stone cells began to appear at 7 DAP and that the fruit had formed a large number of stone cells at 15 DAP. Subsequently, transcriptome sequencing was performed on fruits at 0, 7, and 15 DAP and identified 3834 (0 vs. 7 DAP), 4049 (7 vs. 15 DAP) and 5763 (0 vs. 15 DAP) DEGs. During the 7-15 DAP period, a large number of key enzyme genes essential for lignin biosynthesis are gradually up-regulated, and their expression pattern is consistent with the accumulation of lignin in this period. Further analysis found that the biosynthesis of S-type lignin in ‘Dangshan Su’ pear does not depend on the catalytic activity of PbSAD but is primarily generated by the catalytic activity of caffeoyl-CoA through CCoAOMT, CCR, F5H, and CAD. We cloned PbCCR1, 2 and analysed their functions in Chinese white pear lignin biosynthesis. PbCCR1 and 2 have a degree of functional redundancy; both demonstrate the ability to participate in lignin biosynthesis. However, PbCCR1 may be the major gene for lignin biosynthesis, while PbCCR2 has little effect on lignin biosynthesis. Conclusions Our results revealed that ‘Dangshan Su’ pear began to form a large number of stone cells and produce lignin after 7 DAP and mainly accumulated materials from 0 to 7 DAP. PbCCR1 is mainly involved in the biosynthesis of lignin in ‘Dangshan Su’ pear and plays a positive role in lignin biosynthesis.

scholarly journals A Multi-State Approach to Modelling Intermediate Events and Multiple Mortgage Loan Outcomes

Risks ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Richard Chamboko ◽  
Jorge Miguel Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Short Sale ◽  
Property Type ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
Over Time

This paper proposes a novel system-wide multi-state framework to model state occupations and the transitions among current, delinquency, default, prepayment, repurchase, short sale and foreclosure on mortgage loans. The approach allows for the modelling of the progression of borrowers from one state to another to fully understand the risks of a cohort of borrowers over time. We use a multi-state Markov model to model the transitions to and from various states. The key factors affecting the transition into various loan outcomes are the ability to pay as measured by debt-to-income ratio, equity as marked by loan-to-value ratio, interest rates and the property type. Our findings have broader policy implications for better decision-making on granting loans and the design of debt relief and mortgage modification policies.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Financing of Small and Medium Sized Real Estate Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-303
Author(s):  
Chang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Shadow Banking ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
Real Estate Enterprises ◽  
Policies And Measures

Under the role of private capital in financial services, can shadow banking play a positive role in the development of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises. Based on this thinking, this paper puts forward the role of shadow banking in the financing process of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises. Through the analysis and demonstration of AHP model, it quantifies the key factors of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises in the four financing schemes of trust, REITs, financing guarantee and private financial system, and extracts the key factors as the comparison items. The financing suggestions for small and medium-sized real estate enterprises mainly focus on making financing decisions according to the consistency of their own financing objectives and enterprise life cycle, and under the guidance of relevant policies and measures of the State Council and other countries, timely make financing plans based on the principle of low financing cost, so as to realize the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Key factors in developing transit trade corridors in Northeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Won Lim ◽  
Kamonchanok Suthiwartnarueput ◽  
Ahmad Abareshi ◽  
Paul Tae-Woo Lee ◽  
Yann Duval
Keyword(s):  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate key critical factors for developing transit trade corridors (TTCs) in optimizing trade and logistics performance, taking into account economic, geographic and political concerns among countries in the Northeast Asia region, which have been dynamically developing TTCs to optimize trade and logistics performance in association with development of transport infrastructure in the Greater Tumen Region located in the Northeast Asia. Design/methodology/approach This research explores key factors affecting the TTC through a comprehensive literature review in tandem with expert survey. Factor analysis, both exploratory and confirmatory, is employed to further investigate the underlying factors affecting more efficient development of a TTC. Findings This research has drawn eight underlying factors affecting the design of a TTC: development and policy implications; safety, security and political concerns; environmental protection; financing and investment; soft infrastructure; hard infrastructure; geography and landscape; and corridor performance. Research limitations/implications This paper has a limited geographical scope of the Northeast Asia. Therefore, more primary data collection would be useful in future work. Development of International trade corridor and TTC is critical in northeast Asia for moving goods through designated geographical paths. The key factors drawn in this paper contributes not only to promoting its related services and information (across borders) with the provision of policy support and related facilities for TTC but also to lowering logistics costs and improving trades in the northeast Asian region. As a result, the countries in the region will accelerate their regional economies in collaboration with international bodies and framework, such as UNDP, Greater Tumen Initiative and One Belt One Road Initiative. Practical implications The eight underlying factors the authors identified in this research will be valuable for policy-makers to design TTCs and consequently the research will contribute to regional economies in northeast Asia by establishing efficient trade and transport routes among the countries in the region. Social implications Developing TTCs is a kind of platform and infrastructure to accelerate cargo movements and people movements in the northeast Asia. Users of TTCs will benefit their businesses thanks to an efficient logistics system and lower logistics costs, which result in promoting international and regional trade in the region. Originality/value There has not been any research done on factors to consider in developing TTCs in the world, whose consequence is no readily available reference that can support a systematic assessment and decision-making in development of TTCs. The findings of this research provide a helpful reference for policy-makers, potential users and developers of TTCs to refer in planning and developing them.

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