scholarly journals Heat Transfer Measurement within Green Roof with Incinerated Municipal Solid Waste Aggregates

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7115
Author(s):  
Mostafa Kazemi ◽  
Luc Courard ◽  
Julien Hubert
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Drainage Layer ◽  
Roof System ◽  
Substrate Layer ◽  
Significant Difference

A green roof is composed of a substrate and drainage layers which are fixed on insulation material and roof structure. The global heat resistance (Rc) within a green roof is affected by the humidity content of the substrate layer in which the coarse recycled materials can be used. Moreover, the utilization of recycled coarse aggregates such as incinerated municipal solid waste aggregate (IMSWA) for the drainage layer would be a promising solution, increasing the recycling of secondary resources and saving natural resources. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the heat transfer across green roof systems with a drainage layer of IMSWA and a substrate layer including recycled tiles and bricks in wet and dry states according to ISO-conversion method. Based on the results, water easily flows through the IMSWAs with a size of 7 mm. Meanwhile, the Rc-value of the green roof system with the dry substrate (1.26 m2 K/W) was 1.7 times more than that of the green roof system with the unsaturated substrate (0.735 m2 K/W). This means that the presence of air-spaces in the dry substrate provided more heat resistance, positively contributing to heat transfer decrease, which is also dependent on the drainage effect of IMSWA. In addition, the Rc-value of the dry substrate layer was about twice that of IMSWA as the drainage layer. No significant difference was observed between the Rc-values of the unsaturated substrate layer and the IMSWA layer.

A Study on Environmental Impact of MSW Landfill Site of Two Different Regimes

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Rubina Chaudhary ◽  
Shukti Singh ◽  
Nighat Gani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Significant Difference

This paper assessed an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Municipal Solid waste landfill sites of two different regimes. The study deals with two sites of entirely different geographical areas and waste generation pattern. India enforced Municipal Solid Waste Management and Handling rules,2000 and its subsequent amendments for all the cities and towns having entirely physical and climatically different conditions for solid waste management. Still, MSW dumped in open places without any treatment results in severe environmental impacts in and around the surrounding areas, making it essential to assess its impact. Quantitative assessment of ground water, soil and air quality was determined. Whereas in this study, we used Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM), because all the components and parameters can easily be integrated into one platform, applying the criteria that were considered to be the most significant in the evaluated cases to compare the environmental and social impact of the two MSW dump site. The RIAM results revealed that the method could be used for comparison and ranking of separate and distinct areas, based on their negative or positive impact. No significant difference was observed in the scoring of the two sites, i.e.the Indore city landfill obtained slightly more negative scoring (100%) than Srinagar landfill (96.6%). The decomposition of waste seems to be more in Indore than in Srinagar due to cold climatic zone. The paper reveals the adverse impact of dump sites on the nearby areas in both the regions.

scholarly journals The Perceived Role of Financial Incentives in Promoting Waste Recycling—Empirical Evidence from Finland

Recycling ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Abila ◽  
Jussi Kantola
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference

Placing emphasis on promoting the reduction, reuse, recycling, recovery and repair of waste has been a critical aspect of the sustainable waste management agenda. Considering recycling, an environmentally friendly and sustainable waste management option, monetary rewards are in place for certain recyclable municipal waste materials in Finland. The study investigates consumers’ perception about the role of financial incentives in effecting the recycling of municipal solid waste materials in Finland. The study also considers drivers for recycling municipal solid waste on the basis of behavioural change factors, such as environmental risk, behavioural economics, resource value, economic benefit, convenience, knowledge, legislation and belief. It further determines the association between income-earning consumers and non-income-earning consumers in their perception of financial incentives for recycling. The empirical results from the study confirm that the role of financial incentive is important in accelerating the recycling of municipal solid waste. A weak-to-positive relationship exists between drivers for recycling municipal solid waste and recycling behaviour. There exists no statistically significant difference in the means of the perceived role of financial incentives for recycling in the two groups. The introduction of financial incentives for other recyclable wastes is required in order to boost consumers’ participation in the recycling of municipal solid waste. The need to pay more attention to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, as they affect the participation members of the society in the recycling of municipal solid waste, is paramount. This has become necessary in ensuring sustainable waste management in Finland.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Energy Consumption in Transportation and Processing of Municipal Waste for Recovery in A Waste-To-Energy Plant A Case Study of Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Nowakowski ◽  
Mariusz Wala
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) can be produced from combustible materials contained in municipal waste. After pre-treatment of waste it is possible shipping RDF a waste-to-energy plant (WtE). This article investigates energy and material flow of waste for different scenarios for production of RDF from bulky waste, separately collected waste, and mixed municipal solid waste (MSW). We compare the proportion of energy consumption in transportation, handling waste, and processing using data from the waste collection company in the South of Poland. The findings show the components of the reverse supply chain consuming the highest value of the energy. A model of material and energy flow has taken into consideration collection of waste and transportation by two categories of waste collection vehicles light commercial vehicles and garbage trucks. The shipping of RDF from pre-treatment facility uses – tipper semi-trailers and walking floor trailers. The findings of the study show production of RDF from municipal solid waste is consuming almost 10% of energy potential in RDF. Less energy is required for the production of RDF from bulky waste 2.2% – 4.8% or separately collected waste 1.7% – 4.1% depending on the efficiency of collection and selected vehicles. The transportation is consuming greatest portion of energy. For mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) it can reach 79%, for separated collection waste 90% and for bulky waste up to 92% of the total energy consumed. Comparing emissions for two categories of the collection vehicles there is no significant difference for the bulky waste collections. For mixed MSW and separately collected waste the emissions are higher for garbage trucks. As a recommendation for practitioners is optimization of routing to achieve higher collection rate for minimized route length. Transportation of RDF to WtE plant the vehicles with higher loading capacity are essential.

scholarly journals TOREFAKSI KONTINU MUNICIPLE SOLID WASTE (MSW) PADA SCREW CONVEYOR REAKTOR DENGAN SISTEM PEMANAS HEAT TRANSFER OIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Agus Apriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Fixed Carbon

Teknologi konversi sampah kota menjadi bahan bakar yang saat ini sedang dikembangkan adalah melalui proses torefaksi. Salah satu jenis reaktor kontinu yang sedang dikembangkan untuk torefaksi sampah adalah tipe tubular. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan membuat unit reaktor torefaksi kontinu tipe tubular yang mampu meningkatkan kualitas sifat-sifat sampah sebagai bahan bakar padat, terutama nilai kalornya. Eksperimen menggunakan sampel Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) yang terdiri dari campuran sampah rumah tangga, sampah komersial dan sampah di areal umum perkotaan. Pengolahan MSW memang menjadi isu terkini dalam pengembangan sumber energi berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Paradigma umum yang masih menjadi andalan dalam penyelesaian masalah sampah ini adalah melalui pemusnahan dengan landfilling di TPA yang berdampak serius terhadap kesehatan dan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu upaya yang signifikan telah dilakukan untuk memanfaatkan MSW sebagai sumber energi baru dan terbarukan. Penelitian in bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh temperature torefaksi mulai dari 225°C-325°C dengan waktu tinggal selama 30 menit menggunakan reaktor kontinu tipe screw conveyor. Karakteristik bahan bakar padat hasil torefaksi mempunyai nilai kalor yang lebih tinggi dari bahan mentah sebelum ditorefaksi yakni sebesar 5424,60 kcal/kg setara dengan batubara subbituminus B yang berlangsung pada temperatur 275°C, dan terbukti bahwa kandungan fixed carbon (FC) yang semakin tinggi dan turunnya rasio atom O/C akan meningkatkan nilai kalor produk torefaksi. Ini menunjukan bahwa proses torefakasi kontinu efektif untuk digunakan sebagai model pengembangan sistem torefaksi skala besar.

Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Composition of Two Different Cities in Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1185-1189
Author(s):  
Kuang Hung Cheng ◽  
Jim Jui Min Lin
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
County Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Msw Composition ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Kaohsiung City

The characteristics of physical and chemical composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) of two different cities in Taiwan were examined. Population in Kaohsiung City way higher (12.2 folds) than Taitung County population, waste generation is also higher (13.08 folds) than in Taitung County. Nonetheless, there is no significant difference (8% difference) between Kaohsiung City and Taitung County for waste generation rate. It is found that food wastes account for the most proportion of the reusable waste of Kaohsiung City (36.88%) and Taitung County (6.43%), and moreover, the proportion of reusable waste of Taitung County is much less than that of Kaohsiung City. It is because Taitung County is an agricultural area, reusable waste can be reused by residents and not released to the garbage collection system. Furthermore, there was no significant difference of MSW composition between the Kaohsiung City and Taitung City (an administrative region of Taitung County). Paper, food wastes, and plastic accounted for a higher proportion. Food wastes were the major content in both cities because food wastes not included in the disposal system until ten years ago. These results show that organic waste such as food wastes remained significant, with room for more promotion as a resource recycling task.

The impact of nanoparticles on aerobic degradation of municipal solid waste

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senem Yazici Guvenc ◽  
Burcu Alan ◽  
Elanur Adar ◽  
Mehmet Sinan Bilgili
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Aerobic Degradation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The amount of nanoparticles released from industrial and consumer products has increased rapidly in the last decade. These products may enter landfills directly or indirectly after the end of their useful life. In order to determine the impact of TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles on aerobic landfilling processes, municipal solid waste was loaded to three pilot-scale aerobic landfill bioreactors (80 cm diameter and 350 cm height) and exposed to TiO2 (AT) and Ag (AA) nanoparticles at total concentrations of 100 mg kg−1 of solid waste. Aerobic landfill bioreactors were operated under the conditions about 0.03 L min−1 kg−1 aeration rate for 250 days, during which the leachate, solid waste, and gas characteristics were measured. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in the leachate characteristics, gas constituents, solid quality parameters, and temperature variations, which are the most important indicators of landfill operations, and overall aerobic degradation performance between the reactors containing TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles, and control (AC) reactor. The data also indicate that the pH levels, ionic strength, and the complex formation capacity of nanoparticles with Cl− ions can reduce the toxicity effects of nanoparticles on aerobic degradation processes. The results suggest that TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles at concentrations of 100 mg kg−1 of solid waste do not have significant impacts on aerobic biological processes and waste management systems.

scholarly journals A preliminary Study on The Use of PET Bottle Waste as The Green Roof Drainage Layer for Thermal Insulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
A Munir ◽  
Irfandi ◽  
Muslimsyah ◽  
Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Drainage Layer ◽  
Roof System ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The phenomenon of urban heat island (UHI) and global warming are significant issues now in relation to sustainable urban development. The application of green roofs is an intention to weaken the impact of UHI by reducing heat gain on the building surface that is emitted to the environment. In addition, green roofs also reduce heat transmission from solar radiation received by the roof to the indoor. Utilization of plastic bottle waste from PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) will cut down the weight of the green roof system, which also develops the heat resistance value of the roof. This research is an initial study that suggests a green roof application that is more environmentally friendly with the principle of reusing PET waste as a sustainable building material to increase thermal resistant of the system. The analysis concentrates on describing the thermal behavior of the green roof system with the inclusion of PET bottles as a drainage layer. The investigation was carried out by preparing a cubical model of 60cm x 60 cm x 60 cm with a green roof system. Thermal performances were assessed by measuring the temperature of each layer of the green roof using thermocouple wire. The environmental variables measured were solar intensity, ambient air temperature, and air humidity, where the sensors placed close to the models. This analysis demonstrates the influences of green roofs in reducing solar radiation heat. Even though the decreasing of room temperature between the models was not significantly different, this initial results show that, by introducing PET, still display a further performance in reducing heat gain from solar radiation. However, it is necessary to adjust the evaluation models. Heat accumulation in room raised the indoor temperature to be higher than the roof temperature, so that the behavior of the green roof with the purpose of PET is not obviously distinguishable. A trial model with ventilation opening will release heat from enclosed space and it could evaluate clearly the rate of heat flow from the roof.

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