scholarly journals Regenerating Sponge City to Sponge Watershed through an Innovative Framework for Urban Water Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5358
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
Ruiying Jing ◽  
Qiaohui Lu ◽  
Yilong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Ecological Conservation ◽  
Stormwater Management Practices ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Water Issues ◽  
Watershed Health

In recent years, cities universal are advocating ‘resilience’ in terms of water-related challenges. Accompanied by the development of sponge city construction, several emerging stormwater management practices are prevailing worldwide. This paper proposes a regenerative argument for sponge city construction from the urban scale towards the watershed scale by strengthening the urban water resilience and sustainability. An innovative framework is established to address urban water issues and human livability via 20 conventional and advanced indicators and the interrelations between the modules of water resilience, water resource, water treatment, water ecology, waterscape, and water management. Six representative cities from the sponge city construction pilot in South China have been selected, and the compatibility and divergence between their guidelines and the sponge watershed framework are revealed through pair analyses and parameter calculation. The diverse perspectives behind the scores have been discussed carefully, and the successful experiences of excellent cities are systematically summarized and promoted. The analyses and findings in this research have significant methodological implications for shifting the sponge city practice towards linking urban development with watershed ecological conservation. The proposed framework and strategies provide a reference for an integrated solution of watershed health and wellbeing in the next generation sponge city practice.

Opportunities and challenges of the Sponge City construction related to urban water issues in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xia ◽  
YongYong Zhang ◽  
LiHua Xiong ◽  
Shan He ◽  
LongFeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Water ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Water Issues

scholarly journals Sponge city construction in China: policy and implementation experiences

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyao Xiang ◽  
Jiahong Liu ◽  
Weiwei Shao ◽  
Chao Mei ◽  
Jinjun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
City Construction

Abstract To deal with the three universal urban water problems – namely storm floods, water pollution and water shortage – China has implemented a comprehensive solution: the Sponge City Construction Project. Sponge cities aim to reduce runoff and pollution, and also to restore downstream ecologies. They combine low impact development methods with grey infrastructures, large-scale flood control projects and rehabilitation. This paper describes Chinese experiences of construction and financing for implementation of sponge cities, which could provide references to other countries for building sustainable, climate-resilient cities and urban water management systems. It illustrates the objectives and methods of the sponge city design and demonstrates the differences in configuration and funding structures in cities of different climates and economic conditions. The total construction area involved in the pilot cities covers 449 km2. The configurations are distinct due to different economic conditions, climates and land forms: a humid district inclines to drainage-efficient approaches and pollution control devices, while a semi-humid district prefers green infrastructures and rainwater reuse facilities. The Chinese government plays an important role in the funding of sponge cities: Chinese central government provided CNY (¥)20.7 billion for the construction of 16 cities during 2015–2017, while the rest came from local governments and non-governmental investors.

Upgrading to urban water system 3.0 through sponge city construction

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanqi Ren ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Qiuru Wang ◽  
Hong Huang ◽  
Xiuheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
City Construction

Reflections on the Construction of Water Supply and Drainage in Integrated Pipe Corridor of Sponge City

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingju Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Planning And Construction

With the continuous development of economy and society and the continuous improvement of peoples’ living environment requirements, the concept of sponge city construction has been recognized and understood by more and more people. The country has also recognized the significance of planning and construction of sponge cities. In the process of planning and constructing a sponge city, it is necessary to combine the reality of urban development with the construction of urban water supply and drainage systems and underground pipe corridors to promote the process of urban modernization. Based on this, this paper analyzes the water supply and drainage construction of the integrated pipe corridor in the sponge city.

scholarly journals Urban Water Management Paradigms in Chinese Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meine Pieter van Dijk ◽  
Mingshun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Management Paradigms ◽  
The Times

Three paradigms used in China to deal with urban water issues are compared. The analysis focuses on their definition and objectives, the role of different stakeholders, the issues they deal with and the possible solutions suggested. The use of these paradigms in Chinese cities is compared on different dimensions to conclude when and where they can be used for which purpose. The paradigms differ substantially in their scope (from the narrow focus of the sponge city paradigm to the broad goals of eco-city paradigms) and in terms of the governance mechanisms used to coordinate between different actors. The resilient and sponge paradigms mainly use government structures to achieve their objectives, while the idea is to also involve the private sector (certainly in case of the sponge city paradigm). This has not happened most of the times because project money had to be spent in time. In the eco-cities approach the citizens want to be involved through newly created governance structures. In resilient cities potential victims may be involved. Resilient and eco-city initiatives emphasize the involvement of stakeholders, while in the sponge cities approach the initiative is often taken by local government. Finally, in terms of expected solutions, the paradigms want to avoid disaster, create an eco-city or improve water management. Only in the case of eco-cities there is more space for different water management practices and using alternative technologies. Water-related technologies are available, generating energy from wastewater or underground water and diminishing the dependence on fossil fuels.

scholarly journals Creating Urban Water Resilience: Review of China’s Development Strategies “Sponge City” Concept and Practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Roosmayri Lovina Hermaputi ◽  
Chen Hua
Keyword(s):  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
City Construction ◽  
China’S Cities

These years China's cities faced urban water security problem caused by natural disaster, man-made disaster, and water shortage. Back to the year 2002 until 2015 several cases were raised such as 2002 Guizhou Duyun slag water pollution, 2014 Lanzhou water benzene poisoning cases and the Han River Excessive Ammonia Pollution in Wuhan, Gansu Hui County blood cadmium poisoning cases. Meanwhile, a rainstorm hit Guangzhou in May 2010, Nanjing rainstorm 7.18, and recently Beijing 7.21 big rainstorm who killed about 79 people and Changsha 4.7 big flood in 2015. The "Sponge City" is the answer for China's water issues. Recorded In October 2013 Professor Lin Bingzhang recommend to build a "sponge city" as storm events and flood mitigation action, then in December, Secretary-General Xi Jinping at the central work conference on urbanisation talked about building a natural reservoir, natural infiltration, natural purification "sponge city." Followed the initiative, "Sponge City Construction Technology Guide - Low Impact Development Storm water system builders" had been released in 2014, project financing policy "Finance Building [2014] No. 838" has been established and until the year 2016, 30 cities has been chosen as sponge city urban construction pilot. The sponge city initiative aims to maximise water reservation and minimise the effects of drought and flooding by recycling and efficiently applying water supplies and reserves (AUSTRADE, 2016). This paper tries to elaborate the Sponge City theory and review of several practices in China's cities to create urban water resilience. This research will conduct theory development analysis, sponge city construction's practices analysis and its performance to actualize urban water resilience.

scholarly journals Exploring the Development of the Sponge City Program (SCP): The Case of Gui'an New District, Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Qi ◽  
Faith Ka Shun Chan ◽  
Emily C. O'Donnell ◽  
Meili Feng ◽  
Yanfang Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
Sustainable Urban Water Management ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Water Issues

Rapid urbanization has sharply increased the pressure of urban water issues (e.g., urban flooding and water pollution) in the Chinese megacities during last three decades. Sustainable urban water management approaches, such as Nature Based Solutions (NBS) and Low Impact Developments (LIDs), have successfully delivered long-term benefits to cities in Europe and North America. Similarly, the Chinese Sponge City Program (SCP) initiated in 2013 and experimented in 30 pilot Chinese cities. This paper reviewed the first stage of the SCP from 2015 to 2020 by using observation, Semi-Structured Interview (SSI) and Focus Group Approach (FGA) in context of Gui'an New Distinct, SW China to investigate the SCP progress and issues: (1). whether it is effectively solving urban water issues; (2). if there are any major challenges and barriers in the SCP practice. The findings of this case study provide potential solutions for improving the SCP and sustainable urban water management and possibly transform to other Sponge Cities in China.

scholarly journals Cumulative Effects of Low Impact Development on Watershed Hydrology in a Mixed Land-Cover System

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahal Hoghooghi ◽  
Heather Golden ◽  
Brian Bledsoe ◽  
Bradley Barnhart ◽  
Allen Brookes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Riparian Buffers ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Rain Gardens ◽  
Watershed Hydrology ◽  
Permeable Pavement ◽  
Stormwater Management Practices

Low Impact Development (LID) is an alternative to conventional urban stormwater management practices, which aims at mitigating the impacts of urbanization on water quantity and quality. Plot and local scale studies provide evidence of LID effectiveness; however, little is known about the overall watershed scale influence of LID practices. This is particularly true in watersheds with a land cover that is more diverse than that of urban or suburban classifications alone. We address this watershed-scale gap by assessing the effects of three common LID practices (rain gardens, permeable pavement, and riparian buffers) on the hydrology of a 0.94 km2 mixed land cover watershed. We used a spatially-explicit ecohydrological model, called Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessments (VELMA), to compare changes in watershed hydrologic responses before and after the implementation of LID practices. For the LID scenarios, we examined different spatial configurations, using 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% implementation extents, to convert sidewalks into rain gardens, and parking lots and driveways into permeable pavement. We further applied 20 m and 40 m riparian buffers along streams that were adjacent to agricultural land cover. The results showed overall increases in shallow subsurface runoff and infiltration, as well as evapotranspiration, and decreases in peak flows and surface runoff across all types and configurations of LID. Among individual LID practices, rain gardens had the greatest influence on each component of the overall watershed water balance. As anticipated, the combination of LID practices at the highest implementation level resulted in the most substantial changes to the overall watershed hydrology. It is notable that all hydrological changes from the LID implementation, ranging from 0.01 to 0.06 km2 across the study watershed, were modest, which suggests a potentially limited efficacy of LID practices in mixed land cover watersheds.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sponge City

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. p124
Author(s):  
Huiqing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Water Logging ◽  
City Construction

The purpose of Sponge City construction is to reduce urban water logging, reduce losses, increase the storage capacity of rainwater and flood resources, alleviate the shortage of water resources, and promote the healthy development of cities. This paper mainly studies the definition, construction idea, purpose, concrete measures and development trend of sponge city, and expounds the related problems of Sponge City in a systematic and comprehensive way.

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