scholarly journals Current Progress and Future Prospects of Agriculture Technology: Gateway to Sustainable Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4883
Author(s):  
Nawab Khan ◽  
Ram L. Ray ◽  
Ghulam Raza Sargani ◽  
Muhammad Ihtisham ◽  
Muhammad Khayyam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Advanced Technologies

The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data and technologies than before, despite being familiar with agricultural processes. The agriculture industry is being advanced by various information and advanced communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The rapid emergence of these advanced technologies has restructured almost all other industries, as well as advanced agriculture, which has shifted the industry from a statistical approach to a quantitative one. This radical change has shaken existing farming techniques and produced the latest prospects in a series of challenges. This comprehensive review article enlightens the potential of the IoT in the advancement of agriculture and the challenges faced when combining these advanced technologies with conventional agricultural systems. A brief analysis of these advanced technologies with sensors is presented in advanced agricultural applications. Numerous sensors that can be implemented for specific agricultural practices require best management practices (e.g., land preparation, irrigation systems, insect, and disease management). This review includes the integration of all suitable techniques, from sowing to harvesting, packaging, transportation, and advanced technologies available for farmers throughout the cropping system. Besides, this review article highlights the utilization of other tools such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for crop monitoring and other beneficiary measures, such as optimizing crop yields. In addition, advanced programs based on the IoT are also discussed. Finally, based on our comprehensive review, we identified advanced prospects regarding the IoT, which are essential tools for sustainable agriculture.

Carcinoid and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Building on Success

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 1855-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Selection Of

We have come a long way in our understanding and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors since the term “karzinoide” was coined in 1907. Neuroendocrine tumors are a group of biologically and clinically heterogeneous neoplasms that most commonly originate in the lungs, GI tract, and pancreas. The selection of initial and subsequent therapies requires careful consideration of both tumor and treatment characteristics. With recent advances, we now have more tools for the diagnosis and treatment of our patients. This comprehensive review article summarizes recent advances in the field of neuroendocrine tumors and places them into context for best management practices.

scholarly journals Maximizing Yields, Nutrient Uptake and Balance for Mustard-Mungbean-T. Aman Rice Cropping Systems through Nutrient Management Practices in Calcareous Soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Quddus ◽  
M. J. Abedin Mian ◽  
H. M. Naser ◽  
M. A. Hossain ◽  
S. Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Positive Balance

The experiment was conducted to measure crop yields, nutrient concentration, nutrient uptake and balance by using different nutrient management practices for mustard-mungbean-T. aman rice cropping system in calcareous soil of Madaripur, Bangladesh. Different nutrient management practices were absolute nutrient control (T1); farmer’s practice (T2); AEZ based nutrient application (T3) and soil test based nutrient application (T4). The practices were compared in a randomized completely block design with three replications over two consecutive years. The average yield through application of soil test based nutrient (T4) was showed effective to get highest yields of mustard (1530 kg ha-1), mungbean (1632 kg ha-1) and T. aman rice (4729 kg ha-1). The same practices (T4) exhibited the greatest nutrients uptake by the test crops. The apparent balance of N and K was negative; however it was less negative and less deficiency detect in T4 treatment. Positive balance of P observed in all practices except in T1. There was a positive S balance (7.60 kg ha-1) in T4 but negative in T1, T2 and T3. Zinc balance was found positive in T3 and T4 and negative in T1 and T2. Boron balance in the system was neutral or slightly positive in T1 and negative in T2 but positive in T3 and T4. Organic matter, N, P, S, Zn and B status in soil was improved by T4 treatment. The results suggested that the soil test based nutrient application is viable and sustainable for mustard-mungbean-T. aman rice cropping system in calcareous soils of Bangladesh.

Size of subsoil clods affects soil-water availability in sand–clay mixtures

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Betti ◽  
Cameron D. Grant ◽  
Robert S. Murray ◽  
G. Jock Churchman
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Soil Water Availability ◽  
Application Rates

Clay delving in strongly texture-contrast soils brings up subsoil clay in clumps ranging from large clods to tiny aggregates depending on the equipment used and the extent of secondary cultivation. Clay delving usually increases crop yields but not universally; this has generated questions about best management practices. It was postulated that the size distribution of the subsoil clumps created by delving might influence soil-water availability (and hence crop yield) because, although the clay increases water retention in the root-zone, it can also cause poor soil aeration, high soil strength and greatly reduced hydraulic conductivity. We prepared laboratory mixtures of sand and clay-rich subsoil in amounts considered practical (10% and 20% by weight) and excessive (40% and 60% by weight) with different subsoil clod sizes (<2, 6, 20 and 45 mm), for which we measured water retention, soil resistance, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. We calculated soil water availability by traditional means (plant-available water, PAW) and by the integral water capacity (IWC). We found that PAW increased with subsoil clay, particularly when smaller aggregates were used (≤6 mm). However, when the potential restrictions on PAW were taken into account, the benefits of adding clay reached a peak at ~40%, beyond which IWC declined towards that of pure subsoil clay. Furthermore, the smaller the aggregates the less effective they were at increasing IWC, particularly in the practical range of application rates (<20% by weight). We conclude that excessive post-delving cultivation may not be warranted and may explain some of the variability found in crop yields after delving.

scholarly journals Agronomic and Economic Performance of Maize, Soybean, and Wheat in Different Rotations during the Transition to an Organic Cropping System

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Cox ◽  
John Hanchar ◽  
Jerome Cherney
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
High Input ◽  
Price Premiums

Crop producers transitioning to an organic cropping system must grow crops organically without price premiums for 36 months before certification. We evaluated red clover-maize, maize-soybean, and soybean-wheat/red clover rotations in organic and conventional cropping systems with recommended and high inputs in New York, USA to identify the best rotation and management practices during the transition. Organic compared with conventional maize with recommended inputs in the maize-soybean rotation (entry crop) averaged 32% lower yields, $878/ha higher production costs, and $1096/ha lower partial returns. Organic maize compared with conventional maize with recommended inputs in the red clover-maize rotation (second transition crop) had similar yields, production costs, and partial returns. Organic compared with conventional soybean with recommended inputs in soybean-wheat/red clover or maize-soybean rotations had similar yields, production costs, and partial returns. Organic compared with conventional wheat with recommended inputs in the soybean-wheat/clover rotation had similar yields, $416/ha higher production costs, and $491/ha lower partial returns. The organic compared with the conventional soybean-wheat/red clover rotation had the least negative impact on partial returns during the transition. Nevertheless, all organic rotations had similar partial returns ($434 to $495/ha) so transitioning immediately, regardless of entry crop, may be most prudent. High input management did not improve organic crop yields during the transition.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Nutrition and Crop Geometry on Cultivars of Blackgram in Shiwalik Foothills of Jammu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalichetti Sagar ◽  
A.P. Singh ◽  
Sultan Singh ◽  
Subhashisa Praharaj
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Sodium Molybdate ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Crop Geometry

Background: Rapid expansion in population increased the global food demand. To meet this surge in demand for food and to ensure food and nutritional security addition of pulses in the cropping system is a visible alternative. Pulses intensifies cropping intensity, enhances health and fertility status of the soil and acts as a good source of dietary protein etc. However, due to a wide gap between the potential and actual yield of pulses in rainfed areas. Hence, identification and adoption of best management practices has become a pre-requisite. The present study was undertaken as the information available on foliar nutrition and different crop geometries on performance of different blackgram genotypes in rainfed condition is meagre. Methods: In this investigation conducted during kharif season of 2018 at Advanced Centre for Rainfed Agriculture, SKUAST-Jammu, Rakh Dhiansar. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 3 factors and 3 replications. The factor-1 consisted of three blackgram cultivars (Uttara, PU-31 and Mash-114), factor 2 consisted of two crop geometries (30×10 cm and 45×10 cm) and factor-3 consisted of three foliar nutrition (Foliar spray of molybdenum as sodium molybdate @ 0.1% at 20 DAS, Foliar spray of 1.5% KCl at flowering and Foliar spray of molybdenum as sodium molybdate @ 0.1% at 20 DAS fb 1.5% KCl at flowering). Result: The results from the present investigation indicated that adoption of Mash-114 at 30×10 cm crop geometry, supplemented with foliar application of molybdenum as sodium molybdate @ 0.1% at 20 DAS fb 1.5% KCl at flowering could be a viable technological proposition under rainfed conditions of Jammu.

Restoring the productivity of marginal soils with organic amendments

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon B. Hornick ◽  
James F. Parr
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
Considerable Benefit ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe mining of sand and gravel deposits and excavation oftopsoil in urban areas have left extensive tracts of exposed subsoils that do not support plant growth because of adverse soil chemical and physical properties. Such degraded and marginal soils, or spoils, are infertile, low in organic matter, often acidic, and subject to severe erosion and surface runoff Many of these lands are owned by small and part-time farmers who wish to restore their aesthetic value and agricultural productivity. Research has shown that with liming and the proper use of organic amendments such as animal manures and sewage sludge compost, these lands can be restored to a high level of productivity in as little as three years. The methods and techniques for improving the productivity of marginal soils described in this paper can be of considerable benefit to some farmers in developed and developing countries where there is no other choice but to farm marginal soils because of the lack of highly productive agricultural lands. With increased efforts to restore the productivity of degraded and marginal soils through the use of organic amendments, conservation tillage, and crop rotations, future research should address the effect of best management practices on crop yields, the nutritional quality of crops, and the bioavailability of plant nutrients to both animals and humans.

Second cropping of wild blueberries — Effects of management practices

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard J. Eaton ◽  
Vilis O Nams
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Present System ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Management Cycle

Wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) are normally managed on a biennial basis. Pruning forces the plant into a vegetative year without fruit, followed by the first crop year, which provides the greatest harvest. In subsequent years, harvest levels drop dramatically. Prior to the introduction of selective herbicides, second crop yields were too low to allow the adoption of a double harvest. This study was initiated to compare production and incomes of a single cropping (2-yr management cycle, the present system) versus a double cropping system (3-yr management cycle), using systems that include herbicides. Total yields and net incomes over the 12-yr study were affected by fertilizer applications, but not by management system (2-yr management cycle versus 3-yr management cycle) or pruning (burning versus mowing). Yields in second crop plots were lower than those in first crop plots, even though blossom numbers were higher. Fertilizer affected many aspects of blueberry plant development, including stem length, numbers of buds and blossoms, and fruit yields. Over time, yields and net incomes in the 3-yr management cycle were similar to those for the standard 2-yr management cycle. Key words: Vaccinium angustifolium, 3-yr management, net income, fertilization, pruning

SOIL AGGREGATION AND ORGANIC CARBON AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN LEVELS IN THE MAIZE–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANGEETA LENKA ◽  
A. K. SINGH ◽  
N. K. LENKA
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Water And Nitrogen Interaction ◽  
Organic Source

SUMMARYBest management practices in agriculture have the potential to sequester carbon and improve soil aggregation. Hence, in the present investigation, different levels of irrigation and nitrogen (inorganic and organic) were used in the maize–wheat cropping system to study their effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and aggregation. The treatments consisted of three levels of water regimes (namely W1, W2 and W3 referring to limited, medium and maximum irrigation) and five nitrogen levels (T1, 0% N; T2, 75% N; T3, 100% N; T4, 150% N; T5, 100% N from organic source), with three replications taken in a split plot design. Positive and significant correlation between SOC and mean weight diameter (MWD) was observed, implying that increasing SOC improved soil structure and increased the MWD. The quantification of water and nitrogen interaction on SOC was done by developing a multiple regression equation, which, when validated with SOC of the subsequent year, resulted in significant correlation. Irrigation and N was found to have a significant effect on soil aggregation and organic carbon build-up. Two N treatments (T4: 150% N and T5: 100% N from organic source) improved soil aggregation (macro-aggregates) and SOC when accompanied with W3 water regime (maximum amount of irrigation). Across N treatments, the W3 regime registered significantly higher SOC by more than 30% over control in the 0–15-cm soil depth.

Effect of different rice establishment methods on soil physical properties in drought-prone, rainfed lowlands of Bihar, India

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surajit Mondal ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
A. Abdul Haris ◽  
S. K. Dwivedi ◽  
B. P. Bhatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Crack Volume

To enhance productivity, alleviate environmental and management constraints, and enhance farmers’ incomes in the rice–wheat cropping system of the Indo Gangetic Plains, new approaches that are labour-saving, more productive and sustainable need to be developed. Most systems of rice cultivation use puddling to prepare the seedbed and control weeds in rice fields of rainfed, stress-prone environments. This practice might be helpful to reduce weed pressure and obtain slightly higher productivity, but might have negative impacts on soil physical properties. A better understanding is needed of the comparative advantage of unpuddled rice fields for maintaining good soil physical properties. To study the effect of different rice establishment methods on soil physical properties in a rice–wheat cropping system, we analysed soil samples in 2 years (2012–13 and 2013–14) from an experiment testing puddled and unpuddled rice-establishment methods. The treatments were: (i) puddled, transplanted with best management practices; (ii) puddled, transplanted with the system of rice intensification; (iii) unpuddled, transplanted; and (iv) unpuddled, direct-seeded. Omission of puddling improved soil physical properties such as bulk density, penetration resistance, aggregation stability and cracking behaviour. The absence of soil disturbance also improved soil aggregation, average mean-weight diameter and water-stable aggregates. Thus, unpuddled conditions increased the macro-aggregate fraction by 18–33%. By contrast, the higher frequency of smaller macro-aggregates (0.053–0.25 mm diameter) in puddled conditions clearly indicated the breakdown of larger macro-aggregates (>0.25 mm) into smaller size fractions. Puddled treatments were also characterised by a hard pan and wider, longer and deeper cracks, with a crack volume more than three times higher in puddled conditions. Unpuddled treatments recorded slightly higher nutrient contents in the topsoil. The study reveals that puddling deteriorates soil health. However, a long-term study is required for a better understanding of the soil changes related to different rice establishment technologies.

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