scholarly journals Does Paying for Aquatic Resources Matter? A Case of an African Riverine Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4177
Author(s):  
Gladys Chigamba ◽  
Moses Limuwa ◽  
Emmanuel Kaunda
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
Linthipe River

Valuation of environmental goods and services has an important role to play in the protection and conservation of riverine resources. However, the literature shows a dearth of information regarding factors that influence people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for riverine resources. This research study was undertaken to find out key factors that affect the willingness of people to pay for the conservation of aquatic resources in the lower section of the Linthipe River in Malawi. Data was collected through household interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and contingent valuation (CV) surveys. The study noted that communities were willing to offer $3.51 per year for the conservation of aquatic resources in the river. This study established that the people’s WTP is a function of education level, household usage of the goods and services, community support in the management of the resources, household income, and distance of the household from the river ecosystem. The study further discovered that the pay-out level of the users along the Linthipe River was driven by household usage of resources from the river, period of stay in the area, and level of household income. Our recommendation is that government and development partners should popularize the important role played by rivers and streams to surrounding communities and beyond to appeal for more support from users. The authorities must further empower the communities along the rivers and streams to sustainably manage the aquatic resources for the continued appreciation of aquatic resources by future generations.

scholarly journals Drivers and barriers to workplace-based HIV self-testing among high-risk men in Uganda: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience A. Muwanguzi ◽  
Robert C. Bollinger ◽  
Stuart C. Ray ◽  
LaRon E. Nelson ◽  
Noah Kiwanuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Private Security ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Private Security Companies ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Hiv Testing Services ◽  
Security Companies

Abstract Background Men in Sub-Saharan Africa are less engaged than women in accessing HIV testing and treatment and, consequently, experience higher HIV-related mortality. Reaching men with HIV testing services is challenging, thus, increasing the need for innovative ways to engage men with low access and those at higher risk. In this study, we explore men’s perceptions of drivers and barriers of workplace-based HIV self-testing in Uganda. Methods An exploratory study involving men working in private security companies employing more than 50 men in two districts, in central and western Uganda. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results Forty-eight (48) men from eight private security companies participated in 5 focus group discussions and 17 key informant interviews. Of the 48 men, 14(29.2%) were ages 26–35 years. The majority 31(64.6%) were security guards. The drivers reported for workplace-based HIV self-testing included convenience, autonomy, positive influence from work colleagues, the need for alternative access for HIV testing services, incentives, and involvement of employers. The barriers reported were the prohibitive cost of HIV tests, stigma, lack of testing support, the fear of discrimination and isolation, and concerns around decreased work productivity in the event of a reactive self-test. Conclusions We recommend the involvement of employers in workplace-based HIV self-testing to encourage participation by employees. There is need for HIV self-testing support both during and after the testing process. Both employers and employees recommend the use of non-monetary incentives, and regular training about HIV self-testing to increase the uptake and acceptability of HIV testing services at the workplace.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Initial Engagement of Older Adults in the Use of Interactive Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2847
Author(s):  
Lina Lee ◽  
Mary Lou Maher
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interactive Technology ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Interactive Technologies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Diary Studies ◽  
User Focus ◽  
Depth Interviews

Smart environments and the use of interactive technology has the potential to improve the quality of life for the senior community as well as to support the connections among the senior community and the world outside their community. In addition to the increasing number of studies in the field of aging and technologies, research is needed to understand the practical issues of user focus, adoption, and engagement for older adults to accept interactive technologies in their lives. In this study, we use two commercial technological interventions (uDraw and GrandPad) to understand technology-related perceptions and behaviors of older adults. We present five case studies that emerge from empirical observations of initial engagement with technology through research methods such as focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observations, and diary studies. The contributions of this study are identification of the key factors that influence the initial engagement with interactive technology for older adults.

scholarly journals Maternal Vaccination in Uganda: Exploring Pregnant Women, Community Leaders and Healthcare Workers’ Perceptions

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Phiona Nalubega ◽  
Emilie Karafillakis ◽  
Lydia Atuhaire ◽  
Pamela Akite ◽  
Flavia Zalwango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Maternal Vaccination ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Maternal Immunisation ◽  
The Government

Background: We investigated pregnant women, community leaders, healthcare workers (HCWs) and programme managers’ perceptions of maternal vaccination in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: We conducted focus group discussions, key informant interviews and in-depth discussions with HCWs (3), community leaders (3), pregnant women (8) and programme managers (10) between November 2019 and October 2020. Data were analysed thematically. Results: Pregnant women, community leaders and some HCWs had limited maternal immunisation knowledge. There was confusion over what constitutes a vaccine. Pregnant women may not receive vaccines because of mistrust of government; use of expired vaccines; reliance on traditional medicine; religious beliefs; fear of side effects; HCWs attitudes; and logistical issues. The key facilitators of maternal vaccination were a desire to prevent diseases, positive influences from HCWs and information about vaccine side effects. Community leaders and some pregnant women highlighted that pregnant women do not make decisions about maternal vaccination independently and are influenced by different individuals, including other pregnant women, older people, partners, relatives (parents), community leaders, HCWs and the government. Conclusions: Our results indicate that public health messaging should target all community members, including partners and parents of pregnant women as well as HCWs, to improve knowledge of and confidence in maternal vaccines.

Compulsory Science Policy: Enhancing Gender Equality In Education? A Case Study Of Academic Achievement In Uganda

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Joyce Ayikoru Asiimwe
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Equality In Education ◽  
Depth Interviews

This paper communicates the results of a diagnostic evaluation of the performance of boys and girls in physical sciences at Ordinary level in Uganda after the adoption of the compulsory science policy. The objectives of the study were twofold: to examine the academic performance of boys and girls in the Uganda National Examinations from 2007 to 2010, and to highlight key factors that continue to influence the achievement of students, especially girls in sciences. Data was obtained from five co-educational secondary schools using documentary reviews, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The results revealed that the performance of both boys and girls have further declined after the implementation of the compulsory science policy. However, in comparison to the boys, girls in co-educational schools were still more likely to be among the poorest performers in sciences. This was attributed to a number of factors, key among them being girls' self-concept in sciences, and teachers' perception of girls' abilities in sciences. These findings reiterate the need to mainstream gender into both policy design and implementation.

Early Childhood Development Practitioners’ Information Practices through GMISP Lens: The Case of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality

Libri ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
Kepi Madumo ◽  
Constance Bitso
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Key Informant

Abstract In the interest of developing relevant information services for ECD practitioners in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (EMM), as ECD is one of the national priorities, a study was conducted to ascertain their information needs and information-seeking behaviour. Using Leckie, Pettigrew and Sylvain’s General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (GMISP) as the theoretical framework, and situated within interpretivist paradigm, the study took a qualitative approach to collect data, with the results based on group discussions and an interview with a key informant. The research focused on establishing Grade R practitioners’ information needs, with information sources they often consulted, actions and strategies used when seeking information, as well as challenges they face when seeking information. Grade R practitioners need information to increase their knowledge for optimum performance of their duties. To satisfy the demand for information, it is recommended that the EMM libraries and Gauteng Department of Education school libraries should consider a coordinated and accessible library and information service (LIS) that supports ECD practitioners. The plans and design of LIS in the EMM should accommodate the information needs expressed by the Grade R practitioners.

scholarly journals Study on Potentiality of Biogas Plants and Their Role for the Conservation of Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Dinesh Ghimire ◽  
Jagannath Shrestha ◽  
Anup K.C
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The People ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biogas Technology

This study presents the potentiality of biogas plants and their role for the conservation of environment. It is basedon primary data collected from 84 household surveys, 6 key informant interviews and two focus group discussions. It was observed that more than 95% of the people residing in the VDCs were using firewood as a main source ofenergy. The total amount of firewood consumed was 510.570 ton/year which emits 775.052tCO2e/year. Due to the presence of agriculture based livestock holding population, there is a great potential of biogas technology. Thestudy showed that biogas technology could saved 34.40% of firewood which conserves 5.415 ha of forests area. There is a potentiality of 58 biogas plants of size 6 cu.m which will reduce 440.800 tCO2e/year.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/njst.v15i2.12114Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.2 (2014) 51-56

scholarly journals Análisis de la influencia de los atributos ambientales en el valor de los predios de la vereda el salto / Analysis of the Influence of Environmental Attributes in the Property Value of El Salto Path

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-380
Author(s):  
Jhon Fredy Velandia Castillo ◽  
Diego Fernando Trujillo Gonzalez ◽  
Daniel Esteban Saénz Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Environmental Liabilities ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Environmental Attributes ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Goods Market

ABSTRACTThe absence of a goods market for tradable environmental goods and services, causes not having a value within of the marketable dynamic to such goods; looking for explaining how environmental variables affect the property’svalueon the El Salto’s path, Lenguazaquetownship – Cundinamarca, it was used: The Vestermatrix, the matrix of evaluation of economic assessment and spatial prediction tools. With the obtained results, it is expected modifythe knowledge about the environmental variables of the community, to confront the environmental liabilities caused for the mining activity that degrade the life´s quality of the path’s people and their surrounding environment .RESUMENLa falta de un mercado de bienes transables para los bienes y servicios ambientales, ocasiona que no posean un valor dentro de las dinámicas mercadeables para dichos bienes; Buscando explicar cómo las variables ambientales, afectan el valor de los predios en la vereda El salto, municipio de Lenguazaque – Cundinamarca, se usó: la matriz de Vester, la matriz de evaluación de métodos de valoración económica y herramientas de predicción espacial. Con los resultados obtenidos, se espera modificar el conocimiento frente a las variables ambientales de la comunidad,  para enfrentar los pasivos ocasionados por la actividad minera que degradan la calidad de vida de los pobladores de la vereda y de su entorno.

scholarly journals Motivation and difficulties to reduce or quit smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Odete Pereira ◽  
Bianca Cristina Silva de Assis ◽  
Natália de Magalhães Ribeiro Gomes ◽  
Alisson Rubson Alves ◽  
Amanda Márcia dos Santos Reinaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Treatment Benefits ◽  
Interpretative Research ◽  
Process Method

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand what factors motivate people to reduce or stop tobacco use and what difficulties they face in this process. Method: Qualitative, empirical and interpretative research that used a focal group technique for data collection and Discourse Analysis as a theoretical reference for analysis. Results: The responses centered on the following aspects: motivation for reduction or cessation of smoking, family and community support received during treatment, benefits from cessation of tobacco, difficulties encountered and strategies for overcoming triggers. Final Considerations: The results showed that the users expressed their desire for cessation of tobacco use and that to achieve this goal, family and group support, professional help and changing habits are key factors for this process.

scholarly journals INTEREST FREE MICROFINANCE: A GATEWAY OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION FOR KERALA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4SE) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Fazal Muhammed
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Poor

Microfinance is a powerful poverty alleviation tool. It implies provision of financial services to poor and low-income people whose low economic standing excludes them from formal financial systems. Access to services such as, credit, venture capital, savings, insurance, remittance is provided on a micro-scale enabling participation of those with severely limited financial means. The provision of financial services to the poor helps to increase household income and economic security, build assets and reduce vulnerability; creates demand for other goods and services; and stimulates local economies. A large number of studies on poverty however, indicate that exclusion of the poor from the financial system is a major factor contributing to their inability to participate in the development process. In a typical developing economy the formal financial system serves no more than twenty to thirty percent of the population. The vast majority of those who are excluded are poor.

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