scholarly journals Impacts of Manufacturing Specialized and Diversified Agglomeration on the Eco-Innovation Efficiency—A Nonlinear Test from Dynamic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3809
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Renyan Mu ◽  
Shuhua Hu ◽  
Quan Zhang ◽  
Song Wang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Changing Trend ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Threshold Regression

Eco-innovation is the main driver of realizing the coordinated development of resource, environmental and economic systems. This paper measures regional eco-innovation efficiency (EIE) by using the Super-Slack Based Measure (SBM) model with undesirable outputs and distinguishes different agglomeration patterns based on Chinese data of 21 manufacturing sub-industries of 30 provinces. In particular, from the perspective of the dynamic evolution of manufacturing agglomeration, the nonlinear effects of specialized and diversified agglomeration on EIE are investigated based on panel threshold regression models. The results indicate that China’s EIE shows a U-shaped changing trend. The impacts of specialized and diversified agglomeration on EIE are nonlinear and have significant three-threshold effects. There exist a U-shaped relationship between specialized agglomeration and EIE, and an S-shaped relationship between diversified agglomeration and EIE. In terms of eco-innovation, the development of diversified agglomeration is superior to that of specialized agglomeration. Overall, there is still much room for more than 70% of provinces in China to increase their EIE by optimizing the layout of manufacturing specialized and diversified agglomeration. To improve the EIE and achieve sustainable economic growth, differentiated agglomeration policies should be formulated in various stages and regions. In addition, the driving mechanism of eco-innovation should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Cause-Specific School Absenteeism Monitoring Identifies Community Influenza Outbreaks

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Temte ◽  
Shari Barlow ◽  
Yenlik Zheteyeva ◽  
Maureen Landsverk ◽  
Emily Temte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School District ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
School Absenteeism ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Influenza Outbreaks

ObjectiveThe Oregon Child Absenteeism due to Respiratory Disease Study (ORCHARDS) was implemented to assess the relationships between cause-specific absenteeism within a school district and medically attended influenza visits within the same community.IntroductionTransmission and amplification of influenza within schools has been purported as a driving mechanism for subsequent outbreaks in surrounding communities. However, the number of studies assessing the utility of monitoring school absenteeism as an indicator of influenza in the community is limited. ORCHARDS was initiated to evaluate the relationships between all-cause (a-Tot), illness-related (a-I), and influenza-like illness (ILI)-related absenteeism (a-ILI) within a school district and medically attended influenza A or B visits within the same community.MethodsORCHARDS was based at the Oregon School District (OSD), which enrolls 3,640 students at six schools in south-central Wisconsin. Parents reported influenza-like symptoms on an existing phone-based absenteeism reporting system. Attendance staff identified ILI using a simple case definition. Absenteeism was logged into the OSD’s existing electronic information system (Infinite Campus), and an automated process extracted counts of a-Tot, a-I, and a-ILI each school day from 9/02/14 through 6/08/17.Parents of students with acute respiratory infections (ARI) were invited to contact study staff who assessed the students’ eligibility for the study based on presence of ILI symptoms. From 1/05/15 through 6/08/17, data and nasal swabs were collected from eligible OSD students whose parents volunteered to have a study home visit within 7 days of ILI onset. Specimens were tested for influenza A and B at the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene using the CDC Human Influenza Virus Real-time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel.For community influenza, we used data from the Wisconsin Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project (WIISP) that monitors medically attended influenza using RT-PCR at five primary care clinics surrounding the OSD.Data analysis: Over-dispersed Poisson generalized additive log-linear regression models were fit to the daily number of medically attended influenza cases and daily absenteeism counts from three sources (a-Tot, a-I, and a-ILI) with year and season (calendar day within year) as smooth functions (thin plate regression splines). Two subgroups of a-ILI representing kindergarten through 4th grade (K-4) and 5th-12th grade (5-12) were also evaluated.ResultsDuring the study period, 168,859 total absentee days (8.57% of student days), 36,104 illness days (1.83%), and 4,232 ILI days (0.21%) were recorded. Home visits were completed on 700 children [mean age = 10.0 ± 3.5 (sd) years]. Influenza RT-PCR results were available for 695 (99.3%) children: influenza A was identified in 54 (13.3%) and influenza B in 51 (12.6%) specimens. There were one large and early outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) followed by B in 2014/15, an extremely late combined outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) and B in 2015/16, and a combined outbreak of influenza A/(H3N2) and B in 2016/17. PCR detection of influenza A or B, as compared to no influenza, was strongly associated with a child with a-ILI-positive status (OR=4.74; 95% CI: 2.78-8.18; P<0.001).Nearly 2,400 medically attended ARI visits were reported during the study period. Of these, 514 patients were positive for influenza (21.5%): 371 (15.5%) influenza A and 143 (6.0%) influenza B. The temporal patterns of medically attended influenza were very similar to influenza cases in OSD students.Comparisons of the regression models demonstrated the highest correlation between absenteeism and medically attended influenza for 5th-12th grade students absent with ILI with a -1 day time lag and for all students with a-ILI with a -1 day lag (Table); a-I also had moderate correlation with a -15 day lag period.ConclusionsCause-specific absenteeism measures (a-I and a-ILI) are moderately correlated with medically attended influenza in the community and are better predictors than all-cause absenteeism. In addition, a-I preceded community influenza cases by 15 days. The monitoring system was easily implemented: a-I surveillance was fully automated and a-ILI required only minor review by attendance staff. The resulting correlations were likely lowered by the presence of other viruses that resulted in a-ILI (e.g., adenovirus) and by breaks in the school year during which absenteeism data did not accrue.Automated systems that report cause-specific absenteeism data may provide a reliable method for the early identification of influenza outbreaks in communities. From a preparedness perspective, 15-day advance warning is significant. The addition of a laboratory component could increase usefulness of the cause-specific student absenteeism monitoring as an early-warning system during influenza pandemics. 

scholarly journals Measuring the Coordinated Development of Ecological and Economic Systems in Hengduan Mountain Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Chen ◽  
Li Peng ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Shaoquan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Systems ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Hengduan Mountain

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Long-Term Stability and Impact of Remittances and Development Aid on Sustainable Economic Growth in Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stojanov ◽  
Daniel Němec ◽  
Libor Žídek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Remittance Flows ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

In our paper, we analyse the long-term stability and impact of remittances and development aid on sustainable economic growth in developing countries. We use two data samples from countries that were recipients of both aid and remittances in the corresponding period. First, unbalanced data from the years 1970 to 2017; that is, how countries appear in the data. Second, balanced data, where we selected the largest possible set of countries for which data exists without gaps from the years 1970–2017. This dataset consists of 57 countries for the period from 1991 to 2017. Using linear regression models, we conclude that up until the end of the 1980s, the size of aid as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) was larger than the share of remittances. After that, the situation changed and the shares of both inflows were broadly similar. The inflow of remittances was more stable than the inflow of aid and development aid did not (on the contrary to remittances) contribute positively to sustainable economic growth if we consider the entire period between 1970 and 2017. Our results suggest that a statistically significant relationship between development aid and economic growth (per capita) may be observed only in the period from 1990 to 1999. Economic growth in developing countries is negatively influenced by the uncertainty related to the flows of official development assistance (ODA) and aid in all investigated decades. In the case of the remittance flows, the increased volatility tends to contribute negatively to sustainable economic growth only when the remittance flows represent a relatively higher share of GDP.

Time-Domain Analysis of Floating Bodies with Forward Speed

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gu¨nther F. Clauss ◽  
Katja Stutz
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Wave ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Time Domain Analysis ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Transient Wave

Broaching, surf-riding, and capsizing of ships and offshore structures are transient wave-structure interactions which imply high risks for crew, vessel and cargo. As nonlinear effects are of great importance, time-domain investigations are indispensable. For unveiling the associated driving mechanism of these critical motions, it is desirable to analyze the cause-reaction chains in detail: Depending on the transient wave elevation, we obtain an instationary pressure distribution on the wetted surface of the cruising vessel. Resulting forces and moments excite vessel motions in six degrees of freedom. Based on the linear panel-method program for transient wave-body interactions, TiMIT [Korsmeyer et al. (1999)], this paper investigates seakeeping characteristics of offshore structures with forward speed. Results are presented in frequency and time domain. The procedure allows to identify critical seaways, and to analyze cause-reaction chains in deterministic wave sequences where critical and steep wave packets are embedded in random seas. The detailed evaluation reveals that large roll and pitch motions are easily reduced by variation of course and speed. For investigating the mechanism of wave/structure interactions, this paper introduces the relevant time-domain methodology, and indicates how nonlinear wave characteristics can be introduced in the time-stepping analysis. In subsequent steps nonlinear wave/structure interactions will also be considered.

scholarly journals Conceptual Bases of Forming the Regional Risk Regulatory Mechanism as a Factor of Sustainable Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Marina Buyanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The modifying transformations of socio-economic processes taking place in Russian regions are largely characterized by high levels of dynamism and uncertainty, as well as multivariate effects, both positive and negative, that pose numerous threats and risks to the sustainable, safe development of socio-economic systems, which actualizes the need for scientific knowledge of the conditions and factors of risks and ways to manage them. The author studies adequate methods and tools for regulating the risks of socio-economic development of regions in the system of a holistic mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic growth. The paper highlights the characteristic regional features and the potential for applying such risk management methods as evasion, localization, dissipation and compensation, examines successful practices of their application in Volgograd region. The author proposes a concept of a mechanism for regulating the risks of the regional economy, which includes a system of directions and measures of state influence on socioeconomic processes and economic entities (regulation “from above”) and methods and means by which economic entities in the region influence risk (regulation “from below”). The researcher has carried out an element-wise analysis of the risk management mechanism. The paper highlights its attributes: consistency, complex- and multi-structure properties and effectiveness and systematizes its subject-object and functional characteristics depending on the level of management: national, regional, economic entity level. The author proposes priority directions for the regulation of socio-economic processes that ensure competitive, sustainable and safe development of the region: digitalization of individual markets and industries; improving the institutional environment; development of innovation infrastructure aimed at increasing the efficiency of innovation commercialization.

scholarly journals STRINGENCY OF COVID-19 RESTRICTIONS AMONG ITALIAN REGIONS AND THE ROLE OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Tassinari ◽  
◽  
Fabrizio Alboni ◽  
Arianna Tassinari ◽  
Ignazio Drudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Business Power ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Main Driver

The diffusion of COVID-19 pandemic among Italian Regions has been very uneven. The intensity of measures introduced to contrast its spread also shows a high heterogeneity among local jurisdiction, but this does not correspond, prima facie, with the intensity of the pandemic. What shapes the stringency of responses across different localities? Various factors could be hypothesised to be at play: factors related to the intensity of the pandemic, to the political and ideological orientation of governing authorities, to the models of growth and development characterising regional economic systems, and to the strength of lobbying groups pushing for more or less stringent responses. To address these questions, we elaborate a regional stringency index and analyse (using CART regression trees and other statistical methods) its relationships with some of these factors. The results show that the main driver of stringency (in an inverse way) is the weight of exports on regional GDP, suggesting that economic interests and business power might play an important role in shaping political responses to pandemics.

scholarly journals The Coupling Coordinated Relationship Between New-type Urbanization, Eco-Environment and its Driving Mechanism: A Case of Guanzhong, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Dong ◽  
Juan Shang ◽  
Rizwan Ali ◽  
Ramiz U Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
New Type ◽  
Coordination Degree

As an important platform for participating in international competition and cooperation, supporting economic growth and promoting coordinated regional development, urban agglomeration plays an important role in China’s economic, social and urbanization development. At this time, the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration (GZPUA), as the second largest urban agglomeration in western China, has a moderate population density. The high demand and high input of resources for population growth make the regional ecological destruction and environmental pollution more prominent. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment in GZPUA. By using the panel data of the GZPUA of China between 2008 and 2017, this study constructed evaluation index system of new-type urbanization and ecological environment quality and calculated the weights of the indices within the evaluation system via the improved entropy weight method, finally determined the new-type urbanization and ecological environment quality of each city. Then the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling coordination relationship between two systems of GZPUA and their coupling stages and levels. In addition, the driving mechanism of their coordination degree was explored by using geographic detector method. The results show that: 1) The GZPUA new-type urbanization quality is characterized by both slow growth except Xi’an by a rapid increase. The ecological environment quality is characterized by both slow growth and fluctuations, except Qingyang by a decrease. There are spatial differences between the quality of new-type urbanization and the quality of ecological environment. 2) The 11 cities can be divided into high-high type (Xi’an), high-low type (Xianyang, Yuncheng, Linfen), low-low type (Pingliang, Weinan), and low-high type (Shangluo, Tianshui, Qingyang), different types should take different development paths. 3) The coordination degree between urbanization and ecological environment quality in GZPUA showed an upward trend, and formed a spatial distribution pattern with Xi’an as the core and decreasing to the outer circle cities, with regional differences. 4) The coordinated development of new-type urbanization and ecological environment is a process in which various driving factors act on different driving forces. These driving forces can be summarized as market driving force, endogenous driving force, outward driving force and administrative driving force. Based on the current situation of coordinated development of new-type urbanization and ecological environment in the GZPUA, it is recommended to promote the coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment according to local conditions, strengthen the urbanization market mechanism, and optimize the industrial layout. Further, guide the flow of various factors across regions, strengthen technological innovation on the basis of breaking regional divisions, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, establish the concept of coordinated development, and give play to the government’s “visible hand” role.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document