scholarly journals Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment (KAVA) Method—A Novel GIS-Based Method for Deep Karst Aquifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3325
Author(s):  
Ranko Biondić ◽  
Hrvoje Meaški ◽  
Božidar Biondić ◽  
Jelena Loborec
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Karst Aquifers ◽  
Dinaric Karst ◽  
The Mediterranean

Karst aquifers in the Dinaric karst are very rich with groundwater and are a very important resource for public water supply. The characteristics of the Dinaric karst are the lack, or very thin layer, of covering deposits, large amounts of precipitations, high groundwater velocities, very deep groundwater flow with a lot of faults and fault zones, pits to groundwater, concentrated sinking and large karst springs, making them extremely vulnerable to all anthropogenic influences, which are very quickly transmitted to the aquifer. Numerous multiparameter methods have been developed in the last 20 years to determine the level of vulnerability of aquifers. Each of them has its own specifics and is well adapted to the climate and region for which it was developed. The Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment (KAVA) method was developed in accordance with all the characteristics of the deep karst aquifers of the Dinaric karst and tested on several basins in the area. It was developed as a part of the Global Environment Facility United Nations Environmental Programme – the Mediterranean Action Plan Strategic Partnership for the Mediterranean Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (GEF UNEP/MAP MedPartnership Project). This paper presents the KAVA method and its application to two characteristic karst basins of the Dinaric karst: the Novljanska Žrnovnica spring catchment area and the Bakar Bay catchment area.

scholarly journals Stanje okoliša slovenskog dijela Jadranskog mora

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Valentina Brečko Grubar
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Easterly Wind ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
The Mediterranean

Slovenian part of the Adriatic Sea is its most northern part which occupies approximately 200 km2  and is a part of the wider Gulf of Trieste. Slovenian coast consists of 47 kilometers of mostly steep, abrasive marl and sandstone coast. Low accumulation coast is located only at the mouths of the watercourses and represents but a smaller portion, whereas the smallest part is occupied by the limestone abrasion coast. Mainland coastal region is mostly hillside and has a very diverse relief, while plains, in smaller numbers, are located only in the lower parts of the river valleys. Slovenian sea indents the mainland by two larger gulfs: the Gulf of Koper and of Piran and is predominately very shallow. The average depth is around 18 m and the largest depth is 38 m at the Madona cape near Piran. Sea bottom is mostly covered by the thick layer of sediments deposited after the abrasion of the steep cliff coast and by the accumulation of the river alluvium. Due to its shallowness the sea is exposed to high temperature fluctuations and due to the fresh water influx also to the changes of its salinity.The circulation of the sea water is mainly induced by the tide and wind activities, mostly the Bora (strong north-easterly wind) which significantly influences the vertical circulation of the water. Water current is weak and unstable. There is a large influx of nutrients into the Slovenian sea, resulting from the soil erosion, surface water influx, watercourses and direct emissions of waste waters into the sea. The consequence of the mentioned sea characteristics is a great landscape sensitivity of the coastal sea ecosystem. During summer the sea warms intensely and when accompanied by the weak water circulation, we are often witnessing the lack of oxygen in the deeper layers of the water, intensive algae growth and sea blooming, which points to exceeded self-cleaning (assimilation) capacities of the marine ecosystem.The major polluters are the coastal towns of: Koper, Izola, Piran and Portorož, nautical tourism with marines, naval traffic and the port activity of the Luka Koper. The pressures on the marine ecosystem due to the human activities are still increasing, both on the mainland and in the sea, despite some measures to reduce the pollution. According to the assessment of the Mediterranean action plan (UNEP-MAP), Slovenian coastal sea is, due to its oceanographic characteristics and the economic activities influence, ranked among the most sensitive and endangered parts of the Mediterranean. Environmental state of the Slovenian part of the Adriatic Sea will try to be presented through the DPSIR model or the amended Integral Model of Geographical Study of the Environment and its Components.

The Mediterranean Action Plan: A Regional Approach to Pollution Control

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Lj Jeftié ◽  
L. J. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Control

Increasing concern over the deterioration of the Mediterranean sea as a result of increasing pollution by untreated sewage and industrial wastes, agricultural pesticides and fertilizers and oil discharges, led to a series of meetings between 1970 and 1974, and finally to the UNEP-sponsored Mediterranean Action Plan, adopted by governments of the region in 1975 and ongoing since that time. The legal component of the Plan includes a framework Convention and four protocols; the environmental assessment component (the MED POL programme) consists of national pollution monitoring programmes, and research projects conducted by Mediterranean institutions; the environmental management component consists of the Blue Plan (a prospective study combining socio-economic development with environmental preservation) and the Priority Actions Programme (a series of sub-region sectoral projects in defined areas). The Plan has been financed by Mediterranean States since 1979, and is managed by UNEP with the cooperation of other competent UN Agencies. During the last ten years, activities undertaken have improved knowledge of the state of pollution of the Mediterranean sea, and facilitated joint regional action in the form of preventive and control measures.

scholarly journals HOLOTIPUS IN MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

Holotipus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Daniela Pessani
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Fragile Environment ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

The oceans are a vast yet fragile environment, and one of the biggest issues scientists have to tackle today is the conservation of marine biodiversity. In 1975, to try to address the physical, chemical and biological alteration of these delicate ecosystems, 16 Mediterranean States together with the European Union, implemented the Mediterranean Action Plan (MAP). The aim was to safeguard the marine environment and promote its development in the Mediterranean basin.

scholarly journals First Application of the Integrated Karst Aquifer Vulnerability (IKAV) method. Potential and Actual vulnerability in Yucatan, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Moreno-Gómez ◽  
Carolina Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Rudolf Lied ◽  
Catalin Stefan ◽  
Julia Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Water Resources Protection

Abstract. Groundwater vulnerability maps are important decision support tools for water resources protection against pollution and helpful to minimize environmental damage. However, these tools carry a high subjectivity along the multiple steps taken for the development of such maps. Additionally, the theoretical models on which they are based do not consider important parameters such as pollutant concentration or pollutant residence time in a given section of the aquifer, solely focusing the analysis on a theoretical travel time from a release point towards a target. In this work, an integrated methodology for the evaluation of potential (intrinsic) and actual vulnerability is presented. This integrated method, named IKAV, was developed after the analysis of several study cases and the application of multiple intrinsic groundwater vulnerability methods in a selected study area. Also, a solute transport model served as the basis to define additional parameters for vulnerability analysis for areas severely affected by anthropogenic practices. A defined workflow and several criteria for parameters and attributes selection, rating and weighting assignment, and vulnerability classification are presented. The first application of the IKAV method was carried out in the Yucatan karst, demonstrating to be a reliable method for vulnerability estimation. Results demonstrated the scope of the IKAV method to highlight important regional conditions, minimizing the subjectivity, and expanding the analysis of vulnerability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document