scholarly journals Surface and Underground Geomechanical Characterization of an Area Affected by Instability Phenomena in Zaruma Mining Zone (Ecuador)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3272
Author(s):  
Paúl Carrión-Mero ◽  
Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar ◽  
Fernando Morante-Carballo ◽  
María José Domínguez-Cuesta ◽  
Cristhian Sánchez-Padilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Movement ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Action Measures ◽  
Geomechanical Characterization ◽  
The City

In the last decade, in the mining district of Zaruma-Portovelo, there has been significant land subsidence related to uncontrolled mining activity. The purpose of this work was to carry out a surface and underground geomechanical characterization of a mining sector north of the city of Zaruma that allows the definition of potentially unstable areas susceptible to the mass movement. The methodology used consists of the following stages: (i) compilation of previous studies; (ii) surface and underground characterization of rocky material to establish its susceptibility to mass movement; (iii) interpretation of results; and (iv) proposal of action measures. Among the most relevant results, it stands out that 26.1% of the 23 stations characterized on the surface present conditions that vary from potentially unstable to unstable. In underground galleries, the studied mean values of the 17 stations indicate that the rock has a medium to good quality, representing a medium susceptibility to gallery destabilization. The results obtained for the surface areas (depths up to 50 m, where altered materials predominate) and the underground areas (depths > 50 m, where the alterations are specific) can be used to identify the areas with a more significant potential for instability. For both cases, it has been possible to define specific monitoring, control, and planning actions for sensitive areas.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA SUSCEPTIBILIDADE À EROSÃO E AOS MOVIMENTOS DE MASSA NO MUNICÍPIO DE IBIRITÉ

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Mara Lage Simões ◽  
Cristiane Valéria Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Mass Movement ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

O processo de urbanização e as alterações do meio físico decorrentes do uso do solo constituem um fator gerador de problemasambientais. A concentração populacional aliada à falta de um planejamento de ocupação tem motivado o uso inadequado do espaçourbano, provocando a ocorrência de sérios desequilíbrios ambientais. Esses desequilíbrios quando ocorrem em áreas com característicasfísicas impróprias à ocupação, como aquelas cujas condições ambientais, resultantes da combinação de fatores geológicos,geomorfológicos, pedológicos e topográficos, dentre outros, favorecem a ocorrência de processos erosivos e movimentos de massa. Estetrabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os fatores que interferem na definição da susceptibilidade a erosão e movimentos de massa nomunicípio de Ibirité/MG. Foram analisados os seguintes fatores condicionantes: características geológicas, morfologia; e também os fatoresdeflagradores provocados pela ação antrópica. Por meio dessa análise foi produzido um mapa identificando as áreas de maior e menorsusceptibilidade á erosão e movimentos de massa. O município apresenta a maior parte de seu terreno com moderada susceptibilidade,sendo assim, o uso do solo deve ser planejado para que a ocupação seja adequada de forma a minimizar o risco de ocorrência de processoserosivos e movimento de massa. O poder público deve fiscalizar essa ocupação, verificando se existe a presença da infra-estruturanecessária nos loteamentos.Palavras-chave: SUSCEPTIBILIDADE A EROSÃO, MOVIMENTO DE MASSA, PROBLEMAS AMBIENTAIS ABSTRACTEVALUATION OF SUSCEPTIBILITY TO EROSION AND MASS MOVEMENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF IBIRITE. The process ofurbanization and changes in the physical environment resulting from land use are a key driver of environmental problems. The populationdensity and lack of planning occupancy has motivated the inappropriate use of urban land, causing the occurrence of seriousenvironmental problems. These problem when occur in areas with physical characteristics inappropriate for occupation, as those whoseenvironmental conditions come from the combination of geological, geomorphological, pedological and topographical factors, amongothers, favor the occurrence of erosion and mass movements . This study aims to assess the factors affecting the definition of susceptibilityto erosion and mass movements in the municipality Ibirité / MG. The following conditioning factors were analyzed: geological,morphological characteristics; and also the trigger factors caused by human action. Through this analysis was produced a map identifyingareas of high and low susceptibility to erosion and mass movements. The city has most of its terrain with moderate susceptibility, thus theland use should be planned so that the occupation need to be adequate to minimize the risk of erosion and mass movement. Thegovernment should monitor this occupation, checking if there is presence of the necessary infrastructure.Keywords: SUSCEPTIBILITY THE EROSION, MASS MOVEMENTS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

scholarly journals A data mining approach to the relationships between landslides and open-pit mining activity: a case study in Soacha (Cundinamarca)

DYNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (217) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Yolanda Calderón Larrañaga ◽  
CESAR AUGUSTO GARCIA UBAQUE ◽  
Jorge Arturo Pineda Jaimes
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Geomechanical Characterization

Landslides caused by changes in land use, or by anthropic activities such as open-pit mining, constitute one of the most important socio-economic risk factors in countries with developing economies. This article presents an approach to the relationships between mining activity and the development of landslides in a pilot area located in Soacha, Cundinamarca. Through data mining analysis and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), an evaluation of the possible relationships of these factors was carried out, including socioeconomic aspects. From an inventory of open-pit mining sites, the geomechanical characterization of soil and rock units, and the characterization of environmental and social variables, data were obtained to define variables whose relationships were determined by algorithms programmed in the GIS. The results show that there is an indirect relationship between open-pit mining activity and landslides development over the last four decades in the studied zone.

Milestone solution for snow removal problem in Moscow

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Snow Removal ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Deicing Agents

The main principle of the strategy for the complex improvement of the functioning of northern cities in winter, including their infrastructure development, is a comprehensive solution of the problem of industrial-scale snow-mass collection, removal and utilization at different areas of urban roadway networks. For its implementation in the capital of Russia, “MosvodokanalNIIproject” JSC developed in 2002 the Snow Removal Master Plan for the city of Moscow. The meteorological conditions in the city, which have changed considerably in the recent years, including the changes in the snow-cover depth and in the road-surface areas to be cleaned, as well as emerging of new technologies for the cleaning of urban streets, yards and sidewalks and some new types of deicing agents, resulted in the necessity to update the above-mentioned Snow Removal Master Plan developed for the city of Moscow. Efficient application of deicing agents is of special importance for its updating in the context of the environmental safety of the city in a winter period. The article considers the results of the implementation of the updated Snow Removal Master Plan and contains some proposals concerning snow removal under the conditions of extreme snowfalls.

ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE CAPITAL OF UKRAINE - THE HERO CITY OF KYIV AS A GUARANTEE OF THE RIGHTS OF CITIZENS OF UKRAINE AND THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY OF THE CITY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Chepov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
City Councils ◽  
The Social ◽  
District Management ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The qualitative and clear definition of the legal regime of the capital of Ukraine, the hero city of Kyiv, is influenced by its legislative enshrinement, however, it should be noted that discussions are ongoing and one of the reasons for the unclear legal status of the capital is the ambiguity of current legislation in this area. Separation of the functions of the city of Kyiv, which are carried out to ensure the rights of citizens of Ukraine and the functions that guarantee the rights of the territorial community of the city of Kyiv. In the modern world, in legal doctrine and practice, the capital is understood as the capital of the country, which at the legislative level received this status and, accordingly, is the administrative and political center of the state, which houses the main state bodies and diplomatic missions of other states. It is the identification of the boundaries of the relationship between the competencies of state administrations and local self-government, in practice, often raises questions about their delimitation and ways of regulatory solution. Peculiarities of local self-government in Kyiv city districts are defined in the provisions of the Law on the Capital, which reveal the norms of the Constitution in these legal relations, according to which the issue of organizing district management in cities belongs to city councils. Likewise, it is unregulated by law to lose the particularity of the legal status of the territory of the city. It should be emphasized that the subject of administrative-legal relations is not a certain administrative-territorial entity, but the social group is designated - the territorial community of the city of Kiev, kiyani. Thus, the provisions on the city of Kyiv partially ignore the potential of the territorial community.

CONCEPT OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF A KEY PUBLIC SPACE (USING THE EXAMPLE OF «ALLEY OF ARCHITECTS», VORONEZH)

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
С. Л. Подвальный ◽  
О. А. Сотникова ◽  
Я. А. Золотухина
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Territory Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Intensive Growth

Постановка задачи. В настоящее время формирование современной комфортной городской среды приобретает особое социально-экономическое значение и выдвигается в число приоритетных государственных масштабных программ. В связи с этим необходимо разработать концепцию благоустройства ключевого общественного пространства, а именно: определить основные и сопутствующие функции данной территории, создать эскизное предложение проекта благоустройства с учетом всех необходимых норм и стандартов, внедрить современные технологии. Результаты. Выполнен эскизный дизайн-проект «Аллеи архитекторов» по ул. Орджоникидзе г. Воронеж, включающий в себя основные элементы по зонированию территории, проектированию акцентных объектов и внедрению инновационных технологий «умного города», позволяющих повысить уровень комфорта горожан. Выводы. Благоустройство населенных мест приобретает особое значение в условиях дискомфорта среды. С выполнением комплекса мероприятий, направленных на благоустройство, и с внедрением современных технологий значительно улучшается экологическое состояние, внешний облик города. Оздоровление и модернизация среды, которая окружает человека в городе, благотворно влияет на психофизическое состояние, что особенно важно в период интенсивного роста городов. Statement of the problem. Currently the formation of the modern comfortable urban environment is gaining a special social and economic value and moving forward in the priorities of state large-scale programs. The purpose of development of the concept of improvement of public space is definition of the main and accompanying functions of this territory, design of the outline offer of the project of improvement considering all necessary norms and standards and implementation of modern technologies. Results. The conceptual project of “Alley of Architects” includes the basic elements of territory zoning, design of accent objects and implementation of technologies of a “smart-city”. These elements allow one to increase the level of comfort of inhabitants. Conclusions. Improvement of the inhabited places is of particular importance in the conditions of discomfort of the environment. Carrying out a complex of the actions directed to gardening and improvement, introducing modern technologies, the ecological condition, the physical appearance of the city considerably improves. Improvement and modernization of the environment which surrounds the person in the city influences a psychophysical state well that especially important during intensive growth of the cities.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Shear Behavior of Stone Masonry Wall

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Beconcini ◽  
Pietro Croce ◽  
Paolo Formichi ◽  
Filippo Landi ◽  
Benedetta Puccini
Keyword(s):  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Definition Of

The evaluation of the shear behavior of masonry walls is a first fundamental step for the assessment of existing masonry structures in seismic zones. However, due to the complexity of modelling experimental behavior and the wide variety of masonry types characterizing historical structures, the definition of masonry’s mechanical behavior is still a critical issue. Since the possibility to perform in situ tests is very limited and often conflicting with the needs of preservation, the characterization of shear masonry behavior is generally based on reference values of mechanical properties provided in modern structural codes for recurrent masonry categories. In the paper, a combined test procedure for the experimental characterization of masonry mechanical parameters and the assessment of the shear behavior of masonry walls is presented together with the experimental results obtained on three stone masonry walls. The procedure consists of a combination of three different in situ tests to be performed on the investigated wall. First, a single flat jack test is executed to derive the normal compressive stress acting on the wall. Then a double flat jack test is carried out to estimate the elastic modulus. Finally, the proposed shear test is performed to derive the capacity curve and to estimate the shear modulus and the shear strength. The first results obtained in the experimental campaign carried out by the authors confirm the capability of the proposed methodology to assess the masonry mechanical parameters, reducing the uncertainty affecting the definition of capacity curves of walls and consequently the evaluation of seismic vulnerability of the investigated buildings.

Fundamental relations and identities of fuzzy hyperalgebras

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Narjes Firouzkouhi ◽  
Abbas Amini ◽  
Chun Cheng ◽  
Mehdi Soleymani ◽  
Bijan Davvaz
Keyword(s):  
Universal Algebra ◽  
Equivalence Relation ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Equivalence Relations ◽  
Fundamental Relation ◽  
Term Function ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Definition Of

Inspired by fuzzy hyperalgebras and fuzzy polynomial function (term function), some homomorphism properties of fundamental relation on fuzzy hyperalgebras are conveyed. The obtained relations of fuzzy hyperalgebra are utilized for certain applications, i.e., biological phenomena and genetics along with some elucidatory examples presenting various aspects of fuzzy hyperalgebras. Then, by considering the definition of identities (weak and strong) as a class of fuzzy polynomial function, the smallest equivalence relation (fundamental relation) is obtained which is an important tool for fuzzy hyperalgebraic systems. Through the characterization of these equivalence relations of a fuzzy hyperalgebra, we assign the smallest equivalence relation α i 1 i 2 ∗ on a fuzzy hyperalgebra via identities where the factor hyperalgebra is a universal algebra. We extend and improve the identities on fuzzy hyperalgebras and characterize the smallest equivalence relation α J ∗ on the set of strong identities.

scholarly journals Daytime perimeter environmental noise in the vicinity of four hospitals in the city of Lima, Peru

Noise Mapping ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Alberto E. García-Rivero ◽  
Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas ◽  
Warren Reátegui Romero ◽  
Odón Sánchez-Ccoyllo ◽  
Wilfredo Bulege-Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Environmental Noise ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Measurement Mode ◽  
Special Protection Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
National Environmental

AbstractThe present study is intended to get to know the levels of perimeter diurnal environmental noise of four hospitals in the city of Lima. The measurement mode used at each hospital was A-weighting, with an integration time of five minutes per recording. It was measured in the FAST mode with calibrations made at the beginning and end of the measurement day. Statistical analysis consisted of the mean comparison T test which was applied at all the hospitals considered in the study. At the four hospitals, at all the hours of measurement and both on working days and non-working days (Sunday), LAeq mean values are higher than 83 dBA. On working days, two periods of maximum noise from 08:00 to 10:00 in the morning and from 17:00 to 19:00 in the afternoon coincide with the start and end of working hours. The perimeter diurnal environmental noise levels determined at the vicinity of four hospitals show higher values in all cases to those established by the Peruvian National Environmental Standards for Noise for special protection areas both for working days and for non-working days. Noise that comes from the dense and disorganized traffic of Lima plays a fundamental role in this behaviour.

scholarly journals Genomic Tackling of Human Satellite DNA: Breaking Barriers through Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4707
Author(s):  
Mariana Lopes ◽  
Sandra Louzada ◽  
Margarida Gama-Carvalho ◽  
Raquel Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
Genomic Component ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Human Genomic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Degree

(Peri)centromeric repetitive sequences and, more specifically, satellite DNA (satDNA) sequences, constitute a major human genomic component. SatDNA sequences can vary on a large number of features, including nucleotide composition, complexity, and abundance. Several satDNA families have been identified and characterized in the human genome through time, albeit at different speeds. Human satDNA families present a high degree of sub-variability, leading to the definition of various subfamilies with different organization and clustered localization. Evolution of satDNA analysis has enabled the progressive characterization of satDNA features. Despite recent advances in the sequencing of centromeric arrays, comprehensive genomic studies to assess their variability are still required to provide accurate and proportional representation of satDNA (peri)centromeric/acrocentric short arm sequences. Approaches combining multiple techniques have been successfully applied and seem to be the path to follow for generating integrated knowledge in the promising field of human satDNA biology.

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