scholarly journals Selection of Suitable Potato Genotypes for Late-Sown Heat Stress Conditions Based on Field Performance and Stress Tolerance Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2770
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
M. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Bimal Chandra Kundu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
M. Matiar Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Plot Design

International Potato Center (CIP), -bred potato genotypes produce various yields under heat stress conditions due to being sown late. To explore options for achieving this, a replicated experiment was conducted at the field of Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogura, Bangladesh to evaluate the performance of fourteen CIP-bred potato genotypes with two controls (Asterix and Granola). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Several indices were applied to find out the suitable genotypes under heat stress. The plant height increased by 34.61% under heat stress, which was common in all the potato genotypes. Similarly, other yield-participating characters like stem per hill, canopy coverage (%), plant vigor, and tuber number per plant were also increased under heat stress conditions. However, the tuber yield was decreased by 6.30% and 11.41%, respectively when harvested at 70 and 90 days after plantation. Moreover, “CIP-203” yielded the highest (40.66 t ha−1) in non-stressed whereas, “CIP-118” yielded the highest (32.89 t/ha) in stressed conditions. Likewise, the bred “CIP-218” and “CIP-118” performed better under both growing conditions and yielded >35.00 t ha−1. According to a rank-sum test, among the fourteen potato genotypes, “CIP-218”, “LB-7”, “CIP-118”, “CIP-232”, and “CIP-112” were selected as heat-tolerant potatoes and can grow in both growing conditions with higher yield potential.

scholarly journals Selection of Chilean potato clones for tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor and vegetative cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Giovani O da Silva ◽  
Caroline M Castro ◽  
Fernanda Q Azevedo ◽  
Arione S Pereira ◽  
Agnaldo DF de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Vegetative Cycle ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield potential, frying quality, plant vigor, and vegetative cycle of Chilean potato clones, aiming to identify those with potential to become new cultivars or to be used in breeding programs. The experiments were conducted in Pelotas-RS and Canoinhas-SC, Brazil, in spring 2017. A set of 37 advanced potato clones belonging to the Agricultural Research Institute of Chile (INIA) was compared to commercial cultivars Agata, Asterix and Atlantic. A randomized complete block design with three replications of two rows with 10 plants each was used. Tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor and vegetative cycle traits were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, test for grouping means, and the selection differential. In this set of clones there are some presenting superior quality in relation to marketable tuber yield and frying quality, but the vegetative cycle was not shorter nor plant vigor was lower. Clones CH 27 and CH 44 were the best for marketable tuber yield and frying quality at both locations.

scholarly journals Methods and prospects of selection of sugar corn adapted to the conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (99) ◽  
pp. 230-245
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Bilonozhko ◽  
O. M. Vinogradova ◽  
S. P. Poltoretsky ◽  
N. M. Poltoretskaya
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Morphobiological Characteristics ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the research is selection and genetic improvement of the source material of maize silica and sugar subspecies by methods of classical selection and experimental mutagenesis and synthesis on their basis of high-yielding, adaptive hybrids capable of stably realizing their yield potential in different growing conditions. Research methodology. Field experiments were conducted at the Cherkasy State Agricultural Research Station NSC "IZ NAAN", located in the central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Smila) during 2020-2021. The period of action of active temperatures (above 10 ° С) begins on April 20–28 and lasts 155–180 days. The probability of frost to -3 ° C during the sowing of corn (III decade of April and the first decade of May) is 10 and 5 %, respectively, and during ripening (September – first half of October) from 1 to 30 %. Sowing of the experimental material was carried out in the third decade of April in early May. During the growing season, phenological observations were made, during flowering the plants self-pollinated under parchment insulators, crossbreeding, evaluation and selection of the best samples were performed. Common field, laboratory and statistical research methods were used. Research results. Based on the morphobiological characteristics and assessment of the set of features of the samples of the sugar corn collection, the length of the period from emergence to flowering to 75 % of the panicles was determined, early-maturing samples were selected. When studying the genetic variability of the characteristics of the performance of inbred lines such as weight and length of the head, the number of rows of grains revealed the best lines, the average of which differs significantly from the standard. Based on genetic analysis of performance traits, it has been shown that the selection of starting material by cob weight and length may be most effective, as under favorable conditions these traits are controlled by additive genes, while other traits play a crucial role. Conclusions. The frequency of the obtained more productive self-pollinated lines on the original hybrid material with a significant excess of control indicators for such elements of productivity as cob weight, length and number of rows of grains is 7.19 ± 1.36 %. Selection based on "number of rows of grains" is effective, the best multi-row lines are selected based on genetic sources from Australia. As a result of the analysis of the sugar content in the grains, samples with a sugar content of 8.6% in the top sugar and 5.8 % in the white corn were selected. The coefficient of inheritance of quantitative traits, such as cob weight, length, number of rows of grains, number of grains in a row, is 0.71–0.93, which indicates the possibility of successful selection of these traits. All studied numbers exceed the hybrid standard by cob weight and number of rows of grains. Numbers 269, 272 and 276 and 277 were significantly better in terms of yield, with yields of 15.7–19.8 t/ha.

scholarly journals Genotype and environment interaction of sweetpotato varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-512
Author(s):  
S Sultana ◽  
HC Mohanta ◽  
Z Alam ◽  
S Naznin ◽  
S Begum
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Main Effect

The article presents results of additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype (G) main effect and genotype by environment (GE) interaction (G × GE) biplot analysis of a multi environmental trial (MET) data of 15 sweetpotato varieties released from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute conducted during 2015–2018. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of genotype, environment and their interaction on tuber yield and to identify stable sweetpotato genotypes over the years. The experimental layout was a randomized complete block design with three replications at Gazipur location. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the main effects due to genotypes, environments and genotype by environment interaction were highly significant. The contribution of genotypes, environments and genotype by environment interaction to the total variation in tuber yield was about 60.16, 10.72 and 12.82%, respectively. The first two principal components obtained by singular value decomposition of the centred data of yield accounted for 100% of the total variability caused by G × GE. Out of these variations, PC1 and PC2 accounted for 71.5% and 28.5% of variability, respectively. The study results identified BARI Mistialu- 5, BARI Mistialu- 14 and BARI Mistialu- 15 as the closest to the “ideal” genotype in terms of yield potential and stability. Varieties ‘BARI Mistialu- 8, BARI Mistialu- 11 and BARI Mistialu- 12’ were also selected as superior genotypes. BARI Mistialu- 3 and BARI Mistialu- 13 was comparatively low yielder but was stable over the environment. Among them BARI Mistialu-12, BARI Mistialu-14 and BARI Mistialu-15 are rich in nutrient content while BARI Mistialu-8 and BARI Mistialu-11 are the best with dry matter content and organoleptic taste. Environments representing in 1st and 3rd year with comparatively short vectors had a low discriminating power and environment in 2nd year was characterized by a high discriminating power. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 501-512, September 2019

scholarly journals Stress-resilient maize for climate-vulnerable ecologies in the Asian tropics

2020 ◽  
pp. 1264-1274
Author(s):  
P.H. Zaidi ◽  
Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Dang N. Ha ◽  
Suriphat Thaitad ◽  
Salahuddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Variable Weather

Most parts of the Asian tropics are hotspots of climate change effects and associated weather variabilities. One of the major challenges with climate change is the uncertainty and inter-annual variability in weather conditions as crops are frequently exposed to different weather extremes within the same season. Therefore, agricultural research must strive to develop new crop varieties with inbuilt resilience towards variable weather conditions rather than merely tolerance to individual stresses in a specific situation and/or at a specific crop stage. C4 crops are known for their wider adaptation to range of climatic conditions. However, recent climatic trends and associated variabilities seem to be challenging the threshold limit of wider adaptability of even C4 crops like maize. In collaboration with national programs and private sector partners in the region, CIMMYT-Asia maize program initiated research for development (R4D) projects largely focusing on saving achievable yields across range of variable environments by incorporating reasonable levels of tolerance/resistance to major abiotic and biotic stresses without compromising on grain yields under optimal growing conditions. By integrating novel breeding tools like - genomics, double haploid (DH) technology, precision phenotyping and reducing genotype × environment interaction effects, a new generation of maize germplasm with multiple stress tolerance that can grow well across variable weather conditions were developed. The new maize germplasm were targeted for stress-prone environments where maize is invariability exposed to a range of sub-optimal growing conditions, such as drought, heat, waterlogging and various virulent diseases. The overarching goal of the stress-resilient maize program has been to achieve yield potential with a downside risk reduction.

scholarly journals Genetic variations, heritability, heat tolerance indices and correlations studies for traits of bread wheat genotypes under high temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-686
Author(s):  
Elfadil Mohamed Elbashier ◽  
Elfadil Mohammed Eltayeb Elbashier ◽  
Siddig Esa Idris2 ◽  
Wuletaw Tadesse ◽  
Izzat S.A. Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Tolerance Indices

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to study the genetic variability, heritability, heat tolerance indices and phenotypic and genotypic correlation studies for traits of 250 elite International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) bread wheat genotypes under high temperature in Wad Medani, Center in Sudan.Design/methodology/approachBread wheat is an important food on a global level and is used in the form of different products. High temperature associated with climate change is considered to be a detrimental stress in the future on world wheat production. A total of 10,250 bread wheat genotypes selected from different advanced yield trials introduction from ICARDA and three checks including were grown in two sowing dates (SODs) (1st and 2nd) 1st SOD heat stress and 2nd SOD non-stress at the Gezira Research Farm, of the Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan.FindingsAn alpha lattice design with two replications was used to assess the presence of phenotypic and genotypic variations of different traits, indices for heat stress and heat tolerance for 20 top genotypes and phenotypic and genotypic correlations. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters. A wide range, 944-4,016 kg/ha in the first SOD and 1,192-5,120 kg/ha in the second SOD, was found in grain yield. The average yield on the first SOD is less than that of the secondnd SOD by 717.7 kg/ha, as the maximum and minimum temperatures were reduced by 3ºC each in the second SOD when compared to the first SOD of the critical stage of crop growth shown.Research limitations/implicationsSimilar wide ranges were found in all morpho-physiological traits studied. High heritability in a broad sense was estimated for days to heading and maturity. Moderate heritability estimates found for grain yield ranged from 44 to 63.6 per cent, biomass ranged from 37.8 to 49.1 per cent and canopy temperature (CT) after heading ranged from 44.2 to 48 per cent for the first and secondnd SODs. The top 20 genotypes are better than the better check in the two sowing dates and seven genotypes (248, 139, 143, 27, 67, 192 and 152) were produced high grain yield under both 1st SOD and 2nd SOD.Practical implicationsThe same genotypes in addition to Imam (check) showed smaller tolerance (TOL) values, indicating that these genotypes had a smaller yield reduction under heat-stressed conditions and that they showed a higher heat stress susceptibility index (SSI). A smaller TOL and a higher SSI are favored. Both phenotypic and genotypic correlations of grain yield were positively and significantly correlated with biomass, harvest index, number of spikes/m2, number of seeds/spike and days to heading and maturity in both SODs and negatively and significantly correlated with canopy temperature before and after heading in both SODs.Originality/valueGenetic variations, heritability, heat tolerance indices and correlation studies for traits of bread wheat genotypes under high temperature

scholarly journals The Use of Stress Tolerance Indices for the Selection of Tolerant Inbred Lines and their Correspondent Hybrids under Normal and Water-stress Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 274-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fokion Papathanasiou ◽  
Christos Dordas ◽  
Fotis Gekas ◽  
Chrysanthi Pankou ◽  
Elissavet Ninou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Selection of potato clones for tuber yield, vine maturity and frying quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani O Silva ◽  
Arione S Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Q Azevedo ◽  
Agnaldo DF Carvalho ◽  
Jadir B Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vine Maturity ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Average Tuber Weight ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Development of Brazilian potato cultivars adapted to different growing conditions, production systems and regions of the country is very important to increase the competitiveness of the national potato chain. In this sense, the objective of this work was to verify the performance of advanced potato clones for tuber yield traits, vine maturity and frying quality. An experiment was carried out in Pelotas-RS in spring, 2014. A set of nine advanced potato clones and two control cultivars were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Plots consisted of single rows of 20 plants spaced at 0.80 m between rows and 0.30 m between plants. The data of each trait were submitted to the deviance analysis, estimated the genetic values and selected the best genotypes using selection indices of the sum of ranks and the lowest distance from the ideotype. Clones F131-08-26 and F183-08-01, and the check ‘Asterix’ were distinguished for yield of marketable tubers. F183-08-01 and the control stood out for specific gravity and average tuber weight. Clone F161-07-02 ranked among the best for specific gravity, frying color and vine maturity. F97-07-04 and F183-08-01 and the check ‘Asterix’ were the best according to the selection indices, however, would result in losses in the frying color and vine maturity traits.

scholarly journals Genetic response of growth phases for abiotic environmental stress tolerance in cereal crop plants

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-456
Author(s):  
Qurban Ali ◽  
Arif Malik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Transgenic Crop ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress

The yield potential and quality of main cereals crop plants including maize, wheat, rice and barley have improved through breeding and introduction of transgenic crop plants from last three decades. There has been intensive research for the improvement of resistance against biotic and abiotic environmental conditions to safe the potential of cereal crop plants. Among abiotic stresses drought and heat are two most important abiotic factors which caused major loss in yield and quality of crop plants. The heat stress leads towards drought due to loss of water from soil and plant surfaces, therefore drought and heat caused combined adverse effects on plant morphological, physiological and yield traits which leads to reduce crop plant potential. There has been always an interaction among the environmental conditions and crop plants to produce grain and restore productivity. The drought and heat stress caused changes at cellular level, molecular changes and gene expression changes in cereals at various vegetative and reproductive stages/phases of crop growth and development. A large number of genes have indentified in cereals which switch up-regulated and down-regulated during drought and heat stress conditions. However, there is a need to improve resistance in cereals at gene level to maintain potential of yield and quality under abiotic stress conditions like drought, heat, salinity, and cold.

scholarly journals Selection of Canadian potato clones for agronomic and frying quality traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Olegario da Silva ◽  
Arione da S Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Q Azevedo ◽  
Agnaldo DF de Carvalho ◽  
Jadir B Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The demand for cultivars suitable for processing, especially as frozen French fries, is increasing in Brazil. The Canadian expertise is high regarding the development of cultivars with processing characteristics; however, the growing conditions in Canada are quite different from those observed in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of Canadian potato clones for their tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor, and plant cycle, as potential new cultivars or to be used as a new source of variability for crosses. The experiments were conducted in Pelotas-RS and Canoinhas-SC, Brazil, in spring 2017. A set of 12 advanced Canadian potato clones from the Centre de Recherche Les Buissons, QB, Canada, were compared to three control cultivars used for processing. A randomized complete block design with three replicates, with two rows of 20 plants each per plot was used. Tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor, and plant cycle traits were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, grouping of means, and selection gains. It is possible to select genotypes with higher tuber yield and better frying quality, but it is difficult to add also a short cycle. In an attempt to select productive genotypes, with good frying quality, a not so long cycle, and vigor at least equivalent to the control cultivars, clones 15 and 16 were the best at both sites.

scholarly journals The New Competitive Soybean Varieties Created at Agricultural Research and

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen MUREȘANU ◽  
Raluca MÄ‚RGINEAN
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
White Colour ◽  
Selection Of

The superiority of the next-generation of soybean varieties regarding the majority of the main characteristics among the old soybean varieties created at A.R.D.S. Turda, Romanian soybean varieties from the Official Catalogue of varieties of Agricultural and Vegetables species in Romania and even from the foreign soybean varieties registered in the Catalogue it is obvious. The new soybean varieties Darina TD, Cristina TD and Malina TD are the most recent creations of Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda in the field of soybean breeding. The new cultivars were obtained through individually repeted selection of hybrid population accomplished by crossing the cultivars T93- 8966 x Amurskaja, Zefir x Lena and Amurskaja x Simson. The new varieties are characterized by a growing season adequate to the ecological conditions of the area. Their growing season rank is appropriate with the needs of the area, with a maturity group OO, Darina TD, Cristina TD and Malina TD growing season is 122 days, 124 days and 123 days, respectively. Darina TD has a reddish pubescence easily distinguieshed from the eather soybean varieties whose pubescence is grey. At Cristina TD soybean variety the hilum colour is an important characteristic by which, at maturity, the Cristina TD variety may be distinguished from the rest of A.R.D.S. Turda soybean varieties whose hilum are brown, black and grey. Due to the white colour of flowers, during flowering Malina TD is easily distinguished from the others soybean varietie. A high yield potential as compared to the maturity group to which they belong, very high resistance to lodging, shattering, bacterial blight and mildew. This characteristics and features corroborated with high insertion of the basal pods, ensures suitable conditions for mechanized harvesting. Besides this features, the new soybean varieties have remarkable qualitative traits, high protein and oil content. The characteristics and features of the soybean cultivars Darina TD, Cristina TD and Malina TD created at A..R..D.S. Turda recommend them as the most adequate cultivars for the Transylvania Plain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document