scholarly journals Low Energy Renovation of Social Housing: Recommendations on Monitoring and Renewable Energies Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2718
Author(s):  
Bianca Seabra ◽  
Pedro F. Pereira ◽  
Helena Corvacho ◽  
Carla Pires ◽  
Nuno M. M. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Social Housing ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
The North ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Passive Strategies

Social housing represents a part of the whole building stock with a high risk of energy poverty, and it should be treated as a priority in renovation strategies, due to its potential for improvement and the need to fight that risk. Renovation actions are currently designed based on patterns that have been shown to be disparate from the reality of social housing. Thereby, a monitoring study is essential for the evaluation of the actual conditions. An in-depth characterization of a social housing neighborhood, located in the North of Portugal, was carried out. Indoor hygrothermal conditions were analyzed through a monitoring campaign. It was possible to identify the differences in indoor conditions of the dwellings and understand the influence of occupancy density and occupants’ behavior. In order to identify the actual occupancy and the type of use, a social survey was performed. A renovation action will soon take place, and a monitoring and survey plan is proposed for the post-renovation period, based on a previous evaluation of the renovation impact, using DesignBuilder software and the real occupancy profiles. In social housing context, since energy consumption for heating and cooling is punctual or non-existent, the focus of low energy renovation should be based on passive strategies that reduce the energy demand. The remaining energy needs should be supplied by renewable energy sources, reducing energy poverty, and enhancing quality of life.

scholarly journals Central heating settings and heating energy demand in low energy social housing in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 3658-3663
Author(s):  
Adorkor Bruce-Konuah ◽  
Rory V. Jones ◽  
Alba Fuertes ◽  
Pieter de Wilde
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

scholarly journals Deployment of Hydropower in Nepal: Multiple Stakeholders’ Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6312
Author(s):  
Rana Pratap Singh ◽  
Hans Peter Nachtnebel ◽  
Nadejda Komendantova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Nepal could rely on its huge renewable energy potentials to meet its energy demand sustainably. Also, renewable energy sources are considered by several national policy makers and international organizations as an engine for socio-economic development of the country, which can provide access to electricity to everybody and stimulate economic activity and economic growth. Several efforts were taken by the national government to stimulate deployment of renewable energy electricity generation capacities. However, the country is still not able to cover its energy needs with renewable energy despite decades of efforts for their deployment. The assumption of this research was that uncertainty in energy policy and planning gaps in Nepal are connected with the dominance of a limited number of discourses and ignorance of other voices which might be helpful. Nowadays, evidence exists that a multi-stakeholder and multi-sector perspective is extremely important for sustainable development. We provide evaluation of various perspectives, including technical, social, economic, environmental, and political. We collect empirical data in frames of a comprehensive stakeholders’ process in Nepal. The stakeholders’ preferences are analyzed through various methods of decision support sciences such as multi criteria decision analysis. To fast track hydropower development, the government has classified them into five categories based on their generation capacity. Assessment of each category and their collective comparison on multiperspectives has never been tried. Hence, such an assessment leading towards their prioritization is the objective of the study. It may help to identify a suitable strategy or policy to maximize national benefits. The study carried within the framework of five alternatives (categories) of hydropower schemes and nine different hydropower perspectives applicable in Nepalese context. The scoring method based is on secondary source evidence is applied for assessment. The study ranks medium schemes (25 to 100 MW) as best in Nepalese context.

scholarly journals ENERGY DEMAND REDUCTION TO ENSURE THERMAL COMFORT IN BUILDINGS USING ALUMINIUM FOAM

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Jerz ◽  
František Simančík ◽  
Jaroslav Kováčik ◽  
Peter Oslanec Sr.
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Aluminium Foam ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Building Roof ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Progressive Technology

The high energy efficiency of buildings can be achieved if energy needs are almost entirely covered by the supply of renewable energy sources obtained directly on the building or in its immediate vicinity. The technology providing efficient storage of the heat at a time of excessive sunlight is necessary if a returns of investment for the construction of small houses with zero energy balance should be less than 10 years. The regular alternation of day and night cycle resulting in continuously changing amount of sunshine falling on the building roof causes even though a small but very well usable potential. The concept presented in this contribution is based on the storage of energy obtained through the aluminium foam roof and facade cladding, which are capable of absorbing the desired, or even take away the excess energy to the surroundings if necessary. The energy effectively generated by this way is by means of piping system distributed by heating liquid medium/coolant to interior ceiling heat exchangers made of aluminium foam enabling due to filling by <span style="text-decoration: underline;">P</span>hase <span style="text-decoration: underline;">C</span>hange <span style="text-decoration: underline;">M</span>aterial<span style="text-decoration: underline;">s</span> (PCMs) to store the energy required for heating/cooling for a period of at least several hours. This progressive technology, therefore, contributes significantly to reducing of energy demand and thus also the prices of future not only large buildings but also small family houses that are able to achieve the optimal thermal comfort by extremely low costs. Possibility to manufacture facade, as well as the interior panels of aluminium foam, is a good prerequisite for ensuring that these structural components could be in the nearest future made from fully recyclable aluminium alloys. This fact indicates large potential chance for long-term sustainable further development of above-mentioned advanced technologies.

scholarly journals Energy Balance of a Low Energy House with Building Structures with Active Heat Transfer Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kalús ◽  
Zuzana Straková ◽  
Matej Kubica
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Heat Recuperator ◽  
Pipe Systems ◽  
Building Energy System

A qualitatively new dimension has been introduced to the issue of building structures for energy-efficient buildings by the system of Active Thermal Insulation (ATI), which is already applied in the construction of such buildings. ATI are embedded pipe systems in the envelope structures of buildings, into which we supply a heat-carrying medium with adjusted temperature, so this constitutes a combined building-energy system. This introduces the concept of an internal energy source understood as an energy system integrated into the zone between the static part and the thermal insulation part of the building structure envelope. Under certain conditions, the ATI can serve as a heat recuperator or as an energy collector for a heat pump application. ATI consists of pipe systems embedded in building structures, in which the medium circulates heated by energy from any heat source. The function of the system is to reduce or eliminate heat losses through non-transparent structures in the winter and at the same time to reduce or eliminate heat gains in the summer. It is especially recommended to apply heat sources using renewable energy sources due to the required low temperatures of the heating medium and thus shorten the heating period in the building. Also recommended is to apply ATI for the use of waste heat. Buildings with a given system show low energy consumption and therefore meet the requirements of Directive no. 2018/844/EU, according to which, from 01.01.2021, all new buildings for housing and civic amenities should have energy needs close to zero.

scholarly journals Sustainable Energy Management of Institutional Buildings through Load Prediction Models: Review and Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Santos Sánchez ◽  
Maria João Regufe ◽  
Ana Mafalda Ribeiro ◽  
Idelfonso B.R. Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Load Prediction ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Solar Resource

Institutional buildings need smart techniques to predict the energy consumption in a smart grids’ framework. Here, the importance of dynamic load forecasting as a tool to support the decision in smart grids is addressed. In addition, it is reviewed the energy consumption patterns of institutional buildings and the state-of-the-art of load forecast modeling using artificial neural networks. The discussion is supported by historical data from energy consumption in a university building. These data are used to develop a reliable model for the prediction of the electric load in a campus. A neural network model was developed, which can forecast the load with an average error of 6.5%, and this model can also be used as a decision tool to assess the convenience of supplying this load with a set of renewable energy sources. Statistical data that measure the availability of the local renewable sources can be compared with a load model in order to assess how well these energy sources match the energy needs of buildings. This novel application of load models was applied to the campus where a good correlation (Pearson coefficient of 0.803) was found between energy demand and the availability of the solar resource in the campus.

scholarly journals “Race for resources” in astrospace: What does the future hold?

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-327
Author(s):  
Marko Filijovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Space Technology ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
To Come

The paper analyses how a fast advance in technology can ease both discovering and exploitation of alternative energy resources available in space, and at the same time can open new long-term conflicts over supremacy in commercialisation of space resources. The author considers viability of actual and planned projects of members of the prestigious club of ?space nations?-the United States, Japan, Russia and the European Union. Global energy demand growth stimulates technologically advanced countries to explore more intensively the technical feasibility and economic viability of renewable energy sources in space. Along with advancement in space technology in the foreseeable future, astro-resources could be used as an alternative or at least a supplement to the existing resource base. The author argues that the increasing space technology ambitions of China, India and, to some extent Iran, create a potential knot of new geopolitical and geoeconomical international conflicts. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the extraterrestrial sources for the Earth's energy needs will not only stay an important alternative basis for energy security in decades to come, but space itself is likely to become rather a new battlefield of the great powers? strategic interests than a part of the common heritage of mankind, equally accessible to all nations.

scholarly journals Analysis and comparison of methods for the preparation of domestic hot water from district heating system, selected renewable and non-renewable sources in low-energy buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Maciej Knapik
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Domestic Hot Water

The article presents an economic analysis and comparison of selected (district heating, natural gas, heat pump with renewable energy sources) methods for the preparation of domestic hot water in a building with low energy demand. In buildings of this type increased demand of energy for domestic hot water preparation in relation to the total energy demand can be observed. As a result, the proposed solutions allow to further lower energy demand by using the renewable energy sources. This article presents the results of numerical analysis and calculations performed mainly in MATLAB software, based on typical meteorological years. The results showed that system with heat pump and renewable energy sources Is comparable with district heating system.

scholarly journals Cooling Degree Models and Future Energy Demand in the Residential Sector. A Seven-Country Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2987
Author(s):  
Raúl Castaño-Rosa ◽  
Roberto Barrella ◽  
Carmen Sánchez-Guevara ◽  
Ricardo Barbosa ◽  
Ioanna Kyprianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort

The intensity and duration of hot weather and the number of extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, are increasing, leading to a growing need for space cooling energy demand. Together with the building stock’s low energy performance, this phenomenon may also increase households’ energy consumption. On the other hand, the low level of ownership of cooling equipment can cause low energy consumption, leading to a lack of indoor thermal comfort and several health-related problems, yet increasing the risk of energy poverty in summer. Understanding future temperature variations and the associated impacts on building cooling demand will allow mitigating future issues related to a warmer climate. In this respect, this paper analyses the effects of change in temperatures in the residential sector cooling demand in 2050 for a case study of nineteen cities across seven countries: Cyprus, Finland, Greece, Israel, Portugal, Slovakia, and Spain, by estimating cooling degree days and hours (CDD and CDH). CDD and CDH are calculated using both fixed and adaptive thermal comfort temperature thresholds for 2020 and 2050, understanding their strengths and weaknesses to assess the effects of warmer temperatures. Results suggest a noticeable average increase in CDD and CDH values, up to double, by using both thresholds for 2050, with a particular interest in northern countries where structural modifications in the building stock and occupants’ behavior should be anticipated. Furthermore, the use of the adaptive thermal comfort threshold shows that the projected temperature increases for 2050 might affect people’s capability to adapt their comfort band (i.e., indoor habitability) as temperatures would be higher than the maximum admissible values for people’s comfort and health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document