scholarly journals Implementation of a Stable Solar-Powered Microgrid Testbed for Remote Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2707
Author(s):  
Hossein Saberi ◽  
Hamidreza Nazaripouya ◽  
Shahab Mehraeen
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Synchronous Generators ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
State Matrix ◽  
Fault Ride Through ◽  
Grid Applications ◽  
Matrix Eigenvalues ◽  
Solar Powered

An intrinsically stable microgrid, operated by inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources (I-DERs) is introduced in this paper. The microgrid is built upon a systematic design method, which is adapted from the operation of the synchronous machine (SM). The proposed method analogizes the dynamics of the dc-link in I-DERs to the rotor dynamics in synchronous generators (SGs) and utilizes the capacitor as energy storage. Thus, the proposed mechanism relaxes battery usage for frequency control, and by using the capacitive stored energy, provides a high fault ride-through capability, which is suitable for both on-grid and off-grid applications. Based on stability analysis of the SG and the dynamic state matrix eigenvalues for multimachine power system, the dc-link capacitor of I-DERs is characterized in the context of microgrid. The dc-link capacitor stores kinetic energy similar to the rotor of the SG and provides inertia in transients without the need of battery storage. The inverter angle responds to the change of the dc link voltage (energy). The dc-link voltage is then controlled similar to the field control pertaining to the SG. Finally, a governor-like mechanism is applied to maintain dc-link voltage stability. Simulation and experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed design mechanisms.

Design Method of H2 Preview Outputfeedback with Application to Load Frequency Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-844
Author(s):  
Ryo Hotchi ◽  
Kotaro Hashikura ◽  
Akira Kojima ◽  
Taisuke Masuta
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency

scholarly journals Distributed Energy-Resource Design Method to Improve Energy Security in Critical Facilities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2773
Author(s):  
Petros Siritoglou ◽  
Giovanna Oriti ◽  
Douglas L. Van Bossuyt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Distributed Energy Resource ◽  
Critical Facilities ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
User Friendly

This paper presents a user-friendly design method for accurately sizing the distributed energy resources of a stand-alone microgrid to meet the critical load demands of a military, commercial, industrial, or residential facility when utility power is not available. The microgrid combines renewable resources such as photovoltaics (PV) with an energy-storage system to increase energy security for facilities with critical loads. The design method’s novelty complies with IEEE Standards 1562 and 1013, and addresses resilience, which is not taken into account in existing design methods. Several case studies simulated with a physics-based model validate the proposed design method and demonstrate how resilience can be included in the design process. Additionally, the design and the simulations were validated by 24 h laboratory experiments conducted on a microgrid assembled using commercial off-the-shelf components.

scholarly journals Design of a Hand-Launched Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) System for Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Zhou Zhou ◽  
Xiaoping Zhu ◽  
An Guo
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Trajectory Tracking Control ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Solar Powered

This paper describes our work on a small, hand-launched, solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) suitable for low temperatures and high altitudes, which has the perpetual flight potential for conservation missions for rare animals in the plateau area in winter. Firstly, the conceptual design method of a small, solar-powered UAV based on energy balance is proposed, which is suitable for flight in high-altitude and low-temperature area. The solar irradiance model, which can reflect the geographical location and time, was used. Based on the low-temperature discharge test of the battery, a battery weight model considering the influence of low temperature on the battery performance was proposed. Secondly, this paper introduces the detailed design of solar UAV for plateau area, including layout design, structure design, load, and avionics. To increase the proportion of solar cells covered, the ailerons were removed and a rudder was used to control both roll and yaw. Then, the dynamics model of an aileron-free layout UAV was developed, and the differences in maneuverability and stability of aileron-free UAV in plateau and plain areas were analyzed. The control law and trajectory tracking control law were designed for the aileron-free UAV. Finally, the flight test was conducted in Qiangtang, Tibet, at an altitude of 4500 m, China’s first solar-powered UAV to take off and land above 4500 m on the plateau in winter (−30 °C). The test data showed the success of the scheme, validated the conceptual design method and the success of the control system for aileron-free UAV, and analyzed the feasibility of perpetual flight carrying different loads according to the flight energy consumption data.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Controllers for Nonaffine-in-Control Singularly Perturbed Switched Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linna Zhou ◽  
Qianjin Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Ma ◽  
Chunyu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Switched Systems ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Singularly Perturbed ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Linear Matrix ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Stability Bound ◽  
Takagi Sugeno

This paper investigates the problem of fuzzy controller design for nonaffine-in-control singularly perturbed switched systems (NCSPSSs). First, the NCSPSS is approximated by Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) models which include not only state but also control variables in the premise part of the rules. Then, a dynamic state feedback controller design method is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Under the controller, stability bound estimation problem of the closed-loop system is solved. Finally, an example is given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the obtained methods.

Coordination of wind turbines and synchronous generators for system frequency control

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyi Xu ◽  
Fanglei Liu ◽  
Jiaxin Hu ◽  
Tianshu Bi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Synchronous Generators ◽  
System Frequency

scholarly journals Secure Load Frequency Control of Smart Grids under Deception Attack: A Piecewise Delay Approach

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Jinsha Yuan ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Zhang Zhang ◽  
Helong Wen
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grids ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Linear Matrix ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
The Stability

The problem of secure load frequency control of smart grids is investigated in this paper. The networked data transmission within the smart grid is corrupted by stochastic deception attacks. First, a unified Load frequency control model is constructed to account for both network-induced effects and deception attacks. Second, with the Lyapunov functional method, a piecewise delay analysis is conducted to study the stability of the established model, which is of less conservativeness. Third, based on the stability analysis, a controller design method is provided in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a case study is carried out to demonstrate the derived results.

Study on Dispersed Wind Power Connected to Power Grid

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Xiang Ning Xiao ◽  
Zhi Chao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Fault Ride Through ◽  
Power Frequency ◽  
Grid Codes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Technology Indicators

The necessity for grid codes of the dispersed wind power connected to power grid is described briefly and the definition of the dispersed wind power is discussed compared with the distributed wind power in China. Aimed at the dispersed wind power, the main technology indicators of wind power grid codes between Denmark (below 100kV), Germany (below 60kV) and China in aspects of access principle, connection mode, active power / frequency control, reactive power / voltage control, fault ride through and power quality are compared to provide reference for the modification and completion of the dispersed wind power grid code in China.

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