scholarly journals Social Sustainability of Compact Neighbourhoods Evidence from London and Berlin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Reza Shirazi ◽  
Ramin Keivani
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Urban Neighbourhoods ◽  
Integrative Evaluation ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Made In

This article revisits social sustainability of compact urban neighbourhoods based on first-hand evidence from four case studies in London and Berlin. It suggests a working definition for socially sustainable neighbourhoods, develops a tripartite integrative evaluation framework for measuring social sustainability of urban neighbourhoods, and applies it to four case studies in London and Berlin. Findings of this research are in line with some dominant arguments made in favour of social sustainability of compact urban form, but challenges some others. Research findings suggest that compact urban form is not an urban orthodoxy, but has multiple and contrasting social meanings and perceptions in different contexts and places.

Puzzling and powering in the city: two case studies on collaborative research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Duiveman
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge

Abstract Cities are turning to urban living labs and research consortia to co-create knowledge that can better enable them to address pervasive policy problems. Collaborations within such practices help researchers, officials and local stakeholders find new ways of dealing with urban issues and developing new relations with one another. Interestingly, success in the latter is often closely related to accomplishing the former. Besides of analysing this phenomenon in terms of learning—as is common—this paper also delves into the power dynamics involved in collaborative knowledge development. This perspective contributes to a better understanding of how puzzling and powering are simultaneously involved in making research relevant to policy-making. By presenting two collaborative research consortia in the Netherlands, we demonstrate how developing knowledge involves both re-structuring problems and the urban practices involved in governing such problems. Collaborative research practices are predominantly concerned with learning as long as restructuring the problem leads to research findings that are meaningful to all actors. Power becomes manifest when one actor insists on restructuring (often reproducing) problems in a manner judged unacceptable by others. Analysis of two case studies will show how the familiar three faces of power express themselves in collaborative knowledge development. It is recommended that these new practices also require methods for better orchestrating power besides a methodology for successful structuring learning through collaborative research practices.

scholarly journals Towards a multi-criteria framework for stereotomy – Workflows for subtractive fabrication in complex geometries

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayani Fernando ◽  
Simon Weir ◽  
Dagmar Reinhardt ◽  
Adam Hannouch
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Robotic Fabrication ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Comparative Case Studies ◽  
End Effectors

Abstract In a context of stereotomy, robotic subtractive cutting enables design-to-production processes that integrate craftsmanship with advanced manufacturing technology. This paper discusses empirical research into the fabrication of complex and custom-designed geometries by means of robotic subtractive cutting, with a specific focus on modular elements and joint typologies that form an essential condition for self-supporting stone structures. The paper presents research findings in two parts. In the first part, four case studies for jointing techniques and a cross-comparison between these are introduced to derive strategies for multiple criteria, including macro-and-micro geometries, modules and joints, structural performance, material variations, machine cutting methods and end-effectors, and robotic workspace. In the second part, the paper focuses on the structural performance of the joint geometry typologies, expanded towards material constraints and robotic fabrication process. The paper concludes with a discussion on these varied subtractive cutting methodologies and a resulting design-to-fabrication workflow, and indicates future research work. Highlights Demonstrates applications of stereotomic practice for robotic subtractive cutting. Reports on comparative case studies for four different module and joint structures. Discusses structural performance for Interlocking base block geometries. Provides a multi-criteria framework for structural, material/machine cutting methods. Develops a design-to-fabrication workflow in robotic subtractive cutting.

scholarly journals From gentrification to re-urbanization : the expanding terrain of socio-spatial inequality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey J. Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Spatial Inequality ◽  
World Cities ◽  
Revenue Growth ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Urban Neighbourhoods ◽  
Post Industrial

This paper examines a confluence of factors and consequence linked to changing socio-economic and spatial arrangements in the post-industrial globalized city. Neo-liberal urban governance and the influence of evolved capitalist economic and cultural structures have altered the demographic landscape of many cities. Urban neighbourhoods are increasingly exclusive to the middle and upper classes, as state support for low-income populations wanes in favour of revenue growth and a fixation on image. Gentrification has expanded geographically, and is often promoted by policy with little regard for gradual but substantial displacement of the poor. These patterns are epitomized in large 'world cities' such as New York, London, and Toronto that are the financial and cultural centresof their region; the conditions are mergent in a growing number of cities worldwide. If government are to prevent standardization of these processes and commit to measures for social sustainability, they must first demonstrate greater capacity for intervention in market-based inequalities.

scholarly journals Assessing Land Use Planning Tools to Mitigate Odour and Lighting Nuisance Related to Cannabis Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Pugliese ◽  
Jordan Scholten ◽  
Samantha Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Planning Policies

Cannabis production has expanded significantly across southern Ontario with the legalisation of theindustry. Much of this expansion has occurred within the rural countryside, through the utilisation of existinggreenhouse infrastructure. While the growth of this sector provides economic benefits to rural communities, complaints from adjacent residents related to lighting and odour issues are common and mitigation of such issues is complex. Land use planning policies have been established across southern Ontario to manage the development of cannabis greenhouses; however, policies vary by region and countyand the appropriateness of these policies have not been tested. This study seeks to analyse municipalplanning policies that regulate cannabis production and understand the impacts of these policies on sector,adjacent land owners and rural communities. Planning policies will be analysed at the municipal, regional orcounty level, with the creation of a database to highlight consistency and differences between communities. Case studies will be utilised to gain better insights into the challenges and opportunities related to cannabis production and planning mitigation. This presentation will provide a summary of current research findings, including highlights of a municipal scan of zoning by-law policies and informalinsights into policy appeals in southern Ontario.

scholarly journals Neighbourhood [Re] Formation: Envisioning A Future For Don Mills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talayeh Rad
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Design Project ◽  
The Future ◽  
Unlimited Growth ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Future Growth

Architecture is known to be the physical language of community. What define cities are streets, blocks, and buildings, and their interaction defines the neighbourhoods. Cities are poised for unlimited growth (Lefebvre, 2003) and the challenge is to propose a vision for the future growth of already dense neighbourhoods. The research aims to study the evolution of contemporary urbanism, ideas, and theories in order to explore the structure of the existing neighbourhoods and understand the dynamic behind the street patterns and urban blocks. Case studies are investigating the quality and configuration of physical urban form through recent history. The ideas are compared and contrasted to challenge modern and post-modern urban theories in order to propose a new vision for future urban growth. The design project takes into account the importance of urban morphology and typology and their impacts on the identity, diversity and affordability of the neighbourhood.

scholarly journals PARTICULATE MATTER: AN APPROACH TO AIR POLLUTION

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Olawale Abulude
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Made In

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the problems faced in environmental science. It has health effects on man and animals in both developed and developing countries. Research and efforts have been on it several years back. Policy statements and efforts have been published. This review paper is an added information on air pollution. In it, efforts were made in discussing these: classification, effects, methodology, case studies and source apportionment. It is hoped that this paper would contribute to existing knowledge on PM.

scholarly journals The Stopit! programme to reduce bullying and undermining behaviour in hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Benmore ◽  
Steven Henderson ◽  
Joanna Mountfield ◽  
Brian Wink
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Realist Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Q Sort ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The impact of bullying and undermining behaviours on the National Health Service on costs, patient safety and retention of staff was well understood even before the Illing report, published in 2013, that reviewed the efficacy of training interventions designed to reduce bullying and harassment in the outputs. The purpose of this paper is to provide an example of a good programme well evaluated. Design/methodology/approach The methodology follows a broad realist approach, by specifying the underlying programme assumptions and intention of the designers. Three months after the event, Q-sort methodology was employed to group participants into one of three contexts – mechanism – output groups. Interviews were then undertaken with members of two of these groups, to evaluate how the programme had influenced each. Findings Q-sort identified a typology of three beneficiaries from the Stopit! workshops, characterised as professionals, colleagues and victims. Each group had acted upon different parts of the programme, depending chiefly upon their current and past experiences of bullying in hospitals. Research limitations/implications The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of using Q-sort method to identify relevant CMOs in a realist evaluation framework. Practical implications The paper considers the effectiveness of the programme to reduce bullying, rather than teach victims to cope, and how it may be strengthened based upon the research findings and Illing recommendations. Social implications Workplace bullying is invariably implicated in scandals concerning poor hospital practice, poor patient outcomes and staff illness. All too frequently, the sector responds by offering training in resilience, which though helpful, places the onus on the victim to cope rather than the employer to reduce or eliminate the practice. This paper documents and evaluates an attempt to change workplace practices to directly address bullying and undermining. Originality/value The paper describes a new programme broadly consistent with Illing report endorsements. Second, it illustrates a novel evaluation method that highlights rigorously the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes at the pilot stage of an intervention identifies contexts and mechanisms via factor analysis using Q-sort methodology.

Social sustainability in eco-urban neighbourhoods

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg Holden ◽  
Annika Airas ◽  
Majken Toftager Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Urban Neighbourhoods

Models, Methods, and Metrics to Measure Socioeconomic Resilience

2018 ◽  
pp. 346-367
Author(s):  
Carlos Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indicator Matrix ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter aims to discuss concepts and methods to measure the landscape resilience of urban systems and test the indicators framework in the Portuguese regional context. The objective is to measure the performance and the direction of the urban changes in different phenomena, as well as to evaluate the level of urban systems preparation for a desired and undesired change adaptability. The approach to these issues is analyzed in the literature, dividing the aforementioned analysis into the resilience of the economic base, of the social structure, and of the urban form. In brief, the chapter meets three objectives: firstly, defining the framework of principles more commonly associated with urban resilience; secondly, providing a selection of indicators that embodies the different proposals of measurement; and thirdly, applying the indicator matrix to two Portuguese case studies (Caldas da Rainha and Évora urban systems).

Digital Storytelling as a Self-Regulated Learning Tool

2019 ◽  
pp. 209-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Digital Storytelling ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Digital Stories ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Made In

The purpose of this chapter is, as a self-regulated learning tool, to focus on digital storytelling by uncovering relationship between digital storytelling and self-regulated learning process/based on research findings made in the its field. Within this focus, firstly, concept of digital storytelling was theoretically addressed; researches made in learning-teaching for use have been presented; later, self-regulated learning processes and strategies have been defined and given examples. Finally, research findings on the use of digital stories as self-regulated learning tools have been shared.

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