scholarly journals Methodology for Calculating the European Innovation Scoreboard—Proposition for Modification

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2199
Author(s):  
Edyta Bielińska-Dusza ◽  
Monika Hamerska
Keyword(s):  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Ranking Procedure ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The primary purpose of this article is to identify determinants affecting the Summary Innovation Index and, consequently, the positions of countries on the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS). Then, based on the identified determinants, these countries are ranked using the linear ordering method. This article presents the concept of innovation as an unwavering subject of interest for researchers from around the world. Issues relating to measuring innovation, which is necessary for the efficient management of an organization, as well as to the study of innovation in individual countries, are discussed. Special attention is drawn to the methodological aspects of constructing the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS). The identification of determinants affecting the level of the Summary Innovation Index is performed through stepwise regression. This makes it possible to reduce the number of factors utilized in the EIS ranking procedure from 27 to 22. This was the inspiration to apply an innovative approach and use the linear ordering method, in order to show that it is possible to obtain a ranking that is very similar to the EIS ranking with a reduced number of indicators. These results may be significant, both for units developing this type of ranking and for users, such as decision-makers, using the results to make strategic decisions. In our opinion, this innovative approach—that is, using the linear ordering method and a reduced number of indicators—makes it possible to create a more transparent EIS ranking. This article is of theoretical, methodological, and empirical interest.

scholarly journals LINEAR ORDERING OF SELECTED GERONTECHNOLOGIES USING SELECTED MCGDM METHODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-947
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Halicka ◽  
Dariusz Kacprzak
Keyword(s):  
Group Decision ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Population Forecast ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population

For over last 20 years, significant changes have been observed in the age structure of the world’s population. The percentage of working-age population is steadily decreasing all over the world, and a relative number of retired people is increasing. It confirms that our society is ageing. Moreover, according to the United Nations population forecast the situation will get worse. The increasing number of seniors is also connected with the need to provide them with institutional support in the form of care. One of the key elements of helping older adults may be gerontechnology – an interdisciplinary field of research that uses technology to implement the aspirations and abilities of seniors. On the basis of a meticulous literature review, 9 groups of gerontechnology have been identified that have been rated with respect to 30 criteria. In the period December 2019 – January 2020 a representative sample of 1.152 Poles aged over 40 (acting as decision makers) took part in the research consisting of completing the prepared questionnaire. Based on selected Multiple Criteria Group Decision Making methods, linear ordering of gerontechnologies was prepared and the most preferred by respondents participating in the study was indicated.

scholarly journals Development of a Shipment Policy for Collection Centers

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Irais Mora-Ochomogo ◽  
Marco Serrato ◽  
Jaime Mora-Vargas ◽  
Raha Akhavan-Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Markov Decision Process ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Unsatisfied Demand

Natural disasters represent a latent threat for every country in the world. Due to climate change and other factors, statistics show that they continue to be on the rise. This situation presents a challenge for the communities and the humanitarian organizations to be better prepared and react faster to natural disasters. In some countries, in-kind donations represent a high percentage of the supply for the operations, which presents additional challenges. This research proposes a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model to resemble operations in collection centers, where in-kind donations are received, sorted, packed, and sent to the affected areas. The decision addressed is when to send a shipment considering the uncertainty of the donations’ supply and the demand, as well as the logistics costs and the penalty of unsatisfied demand. As a result of the MDP a Monotone Optimal Non-Decreasing Policy (MONDP) is proposed, which provides valuable insights for decision-makers within this field. Moreover, the necessary conditions to prove the existence of such MONDP are presented.

scholarly journals A Decision-Making Approach Based on TOPSIS Method for Ranking Smart Cities in the Context of Urban Energy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2691
Author(s):  
Sławomira Hajduk ◽  
Dorota Jelonek
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
World Council ◽  
Topsis Technique

This paper presents the use of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) for the evaluation of smart cities. During the development of the method, the importance of the decision-making approach in the linear ordering of cities was presented. The method of using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was proposed for the preparation of ranking. The method was verified by the application in the measurement of energy performance in smart cities. The authors conducted a literature review of research papers related to urban energy and MCDM published in the period from 2010 to 2020. The paper uses data from the World Council on City Data (WCCD). The research conducted allowed for the identification of the most popular MCDM techniques in the field of urban energy such as TOPSIS, AHP and DEA. The TOPSIS technique was used to organize and group the analyzed cities. Porto took the top position, whereas Buenos Aries was the last.

Recourse to Human Rights Treaty Bodies for Monitoring of the Refugee Convention

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Refugee Convention ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Monitoring Mechanism ◽  
The Status ◽  
Treaty Body ◽  
Refugee Issues

Nearly all human rights conventions adopt the treaty body model to monitor states parties' implementation of their treaty obligations. This monitoring mechanism provides for a quasi judicial committee, far detached from sites of many of the human rights violations it reviews. On the other hand, there is no such treaty body for the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. Rather, there is the UNHCR; a large operational agency with offices all over the world, including in sites of refugee emergencies. Effective monitoring of human rights conventions would seem to require a number of factors, including independence and transparency. Legitimate monitoring would have to be strong, and would have to be seen to be strong. Criticism raised in recent years of UNHCR's monitoring methods are largely based on frustration with these points. This paper will examine these issues, and also examine whether recourse to the treaty bodies really provides an adequate remedy for refugee rights. The argument of this paper is that while the UNHCR's monitoring of the Refugee Convention is problematic in many respects, the monitoring of refugee issues by the treaty bodies is in many ways incomplete and inconsistent, and that the treaty body model does not provide refugee advocates with a comprehensive solution.

scholarly journals A statistical study of COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
Taha Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Abstract The spread of the COVID-19 started in Wuhan on December 31, 2019, and a powerful outbreak of the disease occurred there. According to the latest data, more than 165 million cases of COVID-19 infection have been detected in the world (last update May 19, 2021). In this paper, we propose a statistical study of COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt. This study will help us to understand and study the evolution of this pandemic. Moreover, documenting of accurate data and taken policies in Egypt can help other countries to deal with this epidemic, and it will also be useful in the event that other similar viruses emerge in the future. We will apply a widely used model in order to predict the number of COVID-19 cases in the coming period, which is the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. This model depicts the present behaviour of variables through linear relationship with their past values. The expected results will enable us to provide appropriate advice to decision-makers in Egypt on how to deal with this epidemic.

State of the digital age: modeling of institutional transformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
D. V. Shelokov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Social Modeling ◽  
Digital Representations ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Information And Communication

The state is a complex social entity that plays a system-forming role in society. This is reflected in the implementation of many functions inherent in the state as a social institution. Their combination implies a directed influence on the elements that interact in a certain situation, in order to achieve goals in the most effective ways. Such goals seem significant in the context of a certain set of socially useful aspects of life. The implementation of public administration in such conditions actualizes its social orientation, which is based on a scientific approach using modern information and communication digital technologies. This approach should be based on social modeling, which is a specific way of knowing the corresponding aspect of being. Its specificity lies not only in the formalization of knowledge about social structures and processes, but also in the reflection of controlled and spontaneous processes, the awareness of the necessary actions and the will to carry them out in the interacting subjects – actors and building by them of a logically related model of behavior. At the same time, a feature of cognition is the maximum approximation of the formed image to a real process or phenomenon. This is achieved by taking into account the largest number of factors in their relationship with each other, as well as goals of creating the model and the results expected from its implementation. Within the framework of social modeling, there are objective ways to form a behavioral image that allow you to predict the direction and content specifics of the development of many social processes. The article considers the main areas of application of social modeling in public administration: assessment of the effectiveness of management bodies in the monitoring mode, development of strategic decisions, their translation into technological formats, digital representations of strategies and technologies.

Keynote Address

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1931-1934
Author(s):  
F. E. Popper
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Technical Conference ◽  
Keynote Address ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
The Face ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Increasing Demand

The contribution made by Canada in providing the means for the Technical Conference was gratefully acknowledged, and the terms of reference were summarized as approved by Council of the FAO. Briefly, these are — to discuss the scientific and technical means of solving problems and reaching objectives in fisheries management and development. Significant problems that have become evident since the UN Conference in 1955 are: an urgent need for management of most of the traditionally fished stocks; decreasing rate of growth of the world fish catch in the face of increasing demand; economic interactions from greatly intensified fisheries and fishing enterprises; importance of development in relation to management. The need to take the long view in approaching these problems was emphasized, as well as the great value to be derived from recognition of existing deficiencies in organizations or methods. Universally acceptable rules for control of fisheries, and participation by all nations in supplying fisheries data essential for efficient management, are obvious requirements of high priority.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology an Option in Mexican Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jaime Cuauhtémoc Negrete ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Dependency ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Modern Technologies

In Mexico, agriculture is increasingly less profitable, due to this situation its contribution to the country’s economy decreases day by day, which has encouraged the import of food, thus causing poverty and migration, food dependency and other undesirable situations for the healthy development of society in general, not only the rural population but also the urban population is affected, so all the technologies that can change this scenario are sought and explored, one of them being Nanotechnology, despite the benefits of nanotechnology, as is always the case, it is not applied in agriculture as most of the most widely used technologies in the world today, such as mechatronics, and other modern technologies such as neural networks, Artificial vision, and internet of things , this is also happening with nanotechnology, De la Revision made only some Authors have done the rest of the research only publishing revisions of research done abroad, so it is proposed that decision makers support researchers who really do work on this discipline that is so promising at present for the good of our agriculture , this being the objective of this work will review what has been done in this field in this regard in the nation

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF «ARMED CONFLICT»: HISTORICAL, LEGAL AND THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Severinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Modern World ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation and development of doctrinal ideas about the meaning of the concept of «armed conflict» in the history of world political and legal thought. The question of the name of the branch of law that regulates armed conflict, by analyzing its historical names such as «law of war», «laws and customs of war», «law of armed conflict», «international humanitarian law» and «international humanitarian law, used in armed conflicts». As a result of this analysis, it can be concluded that it would be most appropriate to use the terms «international humanitarian law» only in a narrow sense or «international humanitarian law applicable in armed conflicts», which is more cumbersome but most accurately describes the field. It is emphasized that due to the availability of new powerful weapons (economic, political, informational, cultural and weapons of mass destruction), which are dangerous both for the aggressor and for the whole world; the aggressor's desire to downplay its role in resolving conflicts in order to avoid sanctions from other countries and international organizations, as well as to prevent the loss of its authority and position on the world stage; the attempts of the aggressor countries to establish their control over the objects of aggression (including integrating them into their political, economic and security systems) without excessive damage to them is the transformation of methods and means of warfare. It is determined that the long history of the formation of the law of armed conflict has led to the adoption at the level of international law of the provision prohibiting any armed aggression in the world, which is reflected in such a principle as non-use of force or threat of force. At the same time, the UN Charter became the first international act in the history of mankind, which completely prohibited armed aggression and enshrined this principle at the international level, which is binding on all states of the modern world.

scholarly journals Metodologi Penafsiran Kontekstual; Analisis Gagasan dan Prinsip Kunci Penafsiran Kontekstual Abdullah Saeed

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
M.K. Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Textual Interpretation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Qur'anic Exegesis ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Qur’anic exegesis occupies a central position in the development of the intellectual traditions of Muslims. As a primary source, the Qur’an for centuries have beenexplored and understood using a variety of approaches and methods to satisfy every need of the times. The dominance model of textual interpretation in the tradition of interpretation of the Qur’an throughout the history of Islam, has been moving Abdullah Saeed a Professor of Islamic Studies University of Melbourne, to offer an alternative model of “contextual interpretation” as a model approach in interpreting the Qur’an that more sensitive to context. Because textual interpretation models tend to ignore the socio-historical context period of revelation as well as the context of the interpretation of the period. This paper specifically focused to analyze methodological aspects of thought’s Abdullah Saeed in conducting the contextualize interpretation of the Qur’an. In General, Saeed offers four contextual interpretation of operational steps, that is: 1) identify initial considerations by understanding the interpreter subjectivity, language and construct meaning, and the world of the Qur’an (encounter with the world of the text); 2) start the task of interpretation by means of identifying the meaning of the original text and convinced of the authenticity and reliability of the text (critical analysis of texts independently); 3) identify the meaning of the text by exploring each context (meaning for the first recipient); 4) hooking the interpretation of the text with the current context (process ofcontextualize, meaning for the present).

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