scholarly journals Sustainability Practices in Australian Firms: The Effect of Family Control and the Generational Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1244
Author(s):  
Carlos Fernández-Méndez ◽  
Rubén Arrondo-García
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Family Business ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Family Control ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sustainability Practices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Generational Stage

This paper examines the effects of family control on a firm’s adoption of sustainability practices, with special attention given to the heterogeneity of the family business derived from the generational stage of the company. Using a panel of 166 Australian companies listed between 2011 and 2018, we found that family businesses have lower sustainability scores compared to non-family businesses, according to the predictions of the socioemotional wealth (SEW) approach. For a subsample of family businesses, we found that multi-generational family businesses score better on sustainability than firms managed by the founders (first-generation). The SEW perspective could explain the effects of family control based on the pursuit of non-economic goals and the higher risk-aversion of family businesses. The decline in non-economic goals resulting from the ageing of the company stimulates the adoption of better sustainability practices. The generational stage of a family business could be a moderator of the relationship between family control and the adoption of sustainability practices and is a central element in explaining the disparity in the sustainability policies within family businesses.

Family succession, professionalization and internationalization: a study of Brazilian family businesses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Dalmoro Costa ◽  
Aurora Carneiro Zen ◽  
Everson dos Santos Spindler
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between family succession, professionalization and internationalization in family businesses within the Brazilian context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a multiple-case study method with three Brazilian family businesses that have at least two generations of the owning family involved in the business and an international presence of at least three years. In-depth interviews and secondary data were undertaken with family and non-family members of each case.FindingsThe authors' results show that a family business can boost its internationalization by introducing both succession planning and professionalization on international activities. As family members tend to be more risk-averse and focused on keeping the family business within the family, professionalization is a way of improving the firm's ability to expand internationally. This process tends to lead to lower performance by the firm for the first few months or the first year after the investment, but afterward, international performance tends to grow exponentially.Originality/valueOnly a few studies have been concerned on the relationship of these three dimensions. Thus, the research takes into account that professionalization and succession lead family businesses to improve their internationalization strategies.

Direct and indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation, family involvement and gender on family business performance

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erny Rachmawati ◽  
Suliyanto ◽  
Agus Suroso
Keyword(s):  
Family Involvement ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to determine the direct effect of entrepreneurial orientation on family business performance. This study also discusses the role of family involvement as a mediating variable and the role of gender as a moderating variable in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance.Design/methodology/approachA total of 328 hotels in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were selected as samples by the convenience sampling method. Primary data is collected through structured questionnaires that are delivered by themselves to key people in the hotel such as owners, directors and key staff (HRD, financial, relationship). Hypotheses are tested by structural equation modeling procedures using AMOS 22.0. Sobel test is used to determine the indirect effect of the mediation variable.FindingsThe results showed that entrepreneurial orientation had no significant effect on family business performance. Family involvement acts as a full mediation in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance. Gender acts as a moderating variable that can strengthen the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance. The results showed support for previous research.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of the study cannot conclude the national family business because it adopts convenience sampling and the sampling area is limited in Yogyakarta. Future research can use a larger sample. This study only researches hotels managed by family businesses, so it is not feasible to conclude for family businesses in general. Future research may choose to use several types of family businesses so that more varied results can be obtained. Future research could also compare hotels managed by family businesses with non-family businesses. The results also found that in addition to gender roles, respondent heterogeneity was an important component in the study of social identity. Therefore, research examining the influence of different cultures on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance should be an extraordinary topic for future study. Other results from this study also indicate that there is a role for religion in improving hotel performance. Future research is needed to further explore Islamic business modeling for family businesses.Practical implicationsThis finding has significant implications that can help family businesses in developing strategies that are suitable for business management. Entrepreneurial orientation occupies a strategic position in developing sustainable competitive advantage in the family business of the tourism sector especially the hotel business in Yogyakarta for the better. Besides, the results of the study also showed that entrepreneurial orientation had no significant effect on performance. This relationship becomes significant when combined with active family involvement. This finding also shows that entrepreneurial orientation has the potential to have a more beneficial effect because of the active involvement of the family in helping with business management, alleviating business-related problems, and having a significant influence when the family also acts as management.Social implicationsResearch findings indicate the role of gender in strengthening the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance. This provides a good position for women in the social environment to show achievement. To place women on the side of gender equality and justice in the family business in Indonesia. By opening wider access for Indonesian women in the realm of business management, expanding women's participation in a family business, increasing the role of control for women, and increasing women's knowledge and skills to increase the benefits in managing family businesses so that they have sustainable resilience in the face of global competition.Originality/valueThe results of this study provide a new model in providing an overview of the direct and indirect roles (mediating and moderating) in the assessment of family business performance. This study uses three variables which are important in performance appraisal, namely entrepreneurial orientation (independent variable), family involvement (mediating variable) and gender (moderating variable). Where research that combines these four variables, directly and indirectly, has never been done before.

Financing Family Business: Alternatives to Selling Out or Going Public

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk R. Dreux
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Going Public ◽  
Family Control ◽  
System A ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
The Family

Family businesses, whether private or public, constitute a major segment of the American economic system. A conceptual framework, from a financial practitioner's perspective, is presented for simplifying the conflicting objectives of the business and its shareholders with respect to the fundamental issues of control, liquidity, and capital. The investment objectives and criteria of capital markets participants are profiled, as well as various financial alternatives available to the family business, in particular, strategies that favor family control. The investment banker's role as both a capital markets intermediary and financial adviser is also discussed.

scholarly journals Diversification of export territories of family businesses as a tool of their further development

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naděžda Petrů ◽  
Andrea Tomášková ◽  
Monika Krošláková
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Family Business ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

Family business is the largest global source of jobs in the private sector, whose multigenerational nature strengthens the stability of individual economies. A competitive small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector into which family businesses are classified is an essential prerequisite for the full-fledged integration of any economy into the global economic space. For the Czech economy, the importance of foreign trade is increasing, and is dependent on the capabilities of companies to expand to foreign markets. The goal of this article is to identify involvement of the generation of successors to export activities of family business, focusing on diversifying export territories in relation to structure of the industry A secondary goal is to discuss the demand mechanisms for SMEs/family business oriented toward export. The scientific hypotheses defined are focused on demonstrating a dependency between the diversification of export territories, the involvement of the generation of successors in the management of the company and structure of industry. Authors have demonstrated that family businesses managed by the first generation of founders export primarily to the territories of Slovakia, Germany, and the EU. Companies where the next generation contributes to management diversify territorial risk and also export outside the EU countries. A significant correlation was demonstrated between automotive industry and Germany, Slovakia and country outside the EU and mechanical engineering and country outside the EU. The uniqueness of this article lies in the topicality of the real transition of Czech family businesses to the next generation, which carries out foreign trade to promote the further development and sustainability of the family business for future generations.

scholarly journals The role of conflict in the adoption of governance practices in family businesses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asael Islas-Moreno ◽  
Manrrubio Muñoz-Rodríguez ◽  
Vinicio Horacio Santoyo-Cortés ◽  
Enrique Genaro Martínez-González ◽  
Norman Aguilar-Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The Family ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeLittle is known regarding triggers in the adoption of governance practices within family businesses. Enterprises can implement governance practices to avoid re-arising conflicts lived in the past. Moreover, the type of conflicts experienced can determine the order in which different types of governance practices are adopted, another issue that requires further investigation. To address these knowledge gaps, this study gathers evidence into how the adoption of governance practices is linked to the conflicts experienced in family businesses and how this adoption evolves.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case study was conducted with 15 family businesses in the agricultural sector. The conflicts experienced throughout the enterprises' trajectories and the governance practices adopted were analysed and classified according to their relationship with the family, business and ownership subsystems.FindingsThe study shows that there is no direct link between the conflicts experienced and the governance practices adopted in family businesses. The most recurrent conflicts have to do with the relationship between family and ownership; however, the adoption of governance practices is centred on the relationship between business and ownership. The practices that mediate the relationship between family and business are adopted second, and the practices that mediate the relationship between family and ownership are adopted last.Originality/valueThe study applies a classification of conflicts and governance practices that adjusts to the complexity of the family business. The research contributes to the field by providing an understanding of the integration of knowledge about the family business, governance systems and conflict.

Succession planning and family business performance in SMEs

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhdeh Mokhber ◽  
Tan Gi Gi ◽  
Siti Zaleha Abdul Rasid ◽  
Amin Vakilbashi ◽  
Noraiza Mohd Zamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Succession Planning ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of preparation level of heirs and the relationship between family and business members on the performance of family business in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative research design involving the use of a survey questionnaire was implemented to investigate the influences of succession planning factors on the performance of family business in SMEs. The survey was conducted on 50 family business successors in Malaysian SMEs. Findings The result showed that the two studied factors – preparation level of heirs and the relationship between family and business members – have a positive impact on the performance of family business. Research limitations/implications The research concentrated on the performance of family business in SMEs in Malaysia’s southern region. The generalization therefore must be made very cautiously to the overall Malaysian SMEs. Practical implications The findings help family businesses to better understand the importance of the preparation level of heirs and the relationship between family and business members on business performance. This study shows the importance of key factors influencing succession planning so that the successor to the family business can bring the family firm to the next stage of success. Originality/value This study serves as a reference or guide for the management of family businesses to better understand the important factors for effective succession planning. It considers the best possible preparation and family-related factors affecting the end results of business, particularly in Malaysian SMEs.

Risk aversion in the family business: the dark side of caution

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R.W. Hiebl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to shed light on the potential downsides of risk aversion in family firms. Moreover, it seeks to provide measures on how to balance risk taking and risk aversion in family businesses. Design/methodology/approach – The article first presents four “dark sides” of risk aversion in family businesses and then describes three groups of measures to balance risk aversion and risk taking. Both the dark sides as well as the measures to balance risk aversion and risk taking are derived from recent scientific research. Findings – Family businesses may decrease risk aversion and foster risk taking and innovativeness by creating transparency on their risk profiles and including outside knowledge in the form of non-family managers, directors or shareholders. Moreover, properly educating and integrating younger family generations might also alleviate an overly high focus on short-term risk aversion. Practical implications – Family business leaders might find the approach and findings presented in this paper helpful for securing the longer-term survivability of their firms and for improving innovativeness. Originality/value – This article is among the first to deal with the dark sides of risk aversion in family businesses, which might endanger their longer-term survivability.

scholarly journals Innovación en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas familiares del sector manufacturero del Atlántico-Colombia/ Innovation in micro, small and medium-sized family business in the manufacturing sector in Atlántico-Colombia

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-144
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Family Business ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Survey Technique ◽  
Business Family

Resumen Las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas manufactureras se enfrentan cada día a un panorama altamente competitivo en el cual la innovación constituye un factor esencial hacia la consolidación de sus planes en el mercado, su productividad, eficiencia y prosperidad, aún más, si se trata de empresas familiares, donde no siempre los objetivos empresariales están alineados con los de la familia empresaria. Bajo estas consideraciones, el presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la innovación en las empresas familiares del sector manufacturero del Departamento del Atlántico - Colombia. Para tal efecto, este estudio utilizó un tipo de investigación descriptiva, con un diseño no experimental, de campo. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta, mediante un cuestionario con escala tipo Likert, aplicado a una muestra de 30 micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector considerado. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de las empresas están en manos de la primera generación familiar, haciendo un gran trabajo en la innovación y comercialización de sus productos, incorporando cambios en su diseño. Se concluye, que éstas poseen debilidades en la innovación organizacional y de procesos, demandando capacitación en innovación, empoderamiento del cuerpo directivo y actualización de equipos para el proceso productivo. Abstract Micro, small and medium-sized manufacturing companies face a highly competitive landscape every day in which innovation constitutes an essential factor towards the consolidation of their plans in the market, their productivity, efficiency and prosperity, even more, if it is about family businesses, where business objectives are not always aligned with those of the business family. Under these considerations, this article aims to analyze innovation in family businesses in the manufacturing sector of the Department of Atlántico - Colombia. For this purpose, this study used a descriptive type of research, with a non-experimental field design. For data collection, the survey technique was used, by means of a Likert-type scale questionnaire, applied to a sample of 30 micro, small and medium-sized companies in the sector considered. The results show that most of the companies are in the hands of the first generation of the family, doing a great job in the innovation and commercialization of their products, incorporating changes in their design. It is concluded that they have weaknesses in organizational and process innovation, demanding training in innovation, empowerment of the directive body and updating of equipment for the production process.

scholarly journals A családi vállalkozások pénzügyi sajátosságai (Specialities of Family Business Finances)

2012 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Judit Csákné Filep
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
The Family ◽  
Financial Challenges ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A tanulmány a család és a vállalkozás pénzügyeinek kapcsolata, az utódlás finanszírozásának kérdései, a pénzügyi menedzsment, a hitelfelvétel és eladósodottság, a tőke forrása, a családon kívüli tőkebevonás és az eladás pénzügyi vonatkozásai mentén vizsgálja a családi vállalkozások pénzügyei sajátosságait. Ilyen sajátosságok bőséggel vannak, a családi cégek a nem családiaktól számos vonásukban különböznek, még pénzügyi tekintetben is egyedi jellemzőkkel bírnak. Ezek a pénzügyi ismérvek nem a szektorra jellemző diszfunkcionalitások, hanem a családi cégek alapvető jellemzőiből fakadó üzleti viselkedésmódok. A szerző jelen munkájában arra vállalkozik, hogy rávilágítson a családi vállalkozások pénzügyeinek ismérveire. ______ Family businesses play an important role in every economy of the world’s countries and they differ from non-family ones along several features. They have also unique characteristics in their financial affairs. The author of this work undertakes to highlight that the characteristics of family business finances are not improper functionalities of the sector but unique business behaviours of family businesses stemming from their basic characteristics. The study examines the peculiarities of family business finances along the relationship of financial affairs of the family and the business, the financial challenges of succession, the financial management, the source of the borrowing and the capital, the indebtedness and the financial aspects of selling.

scholarly journals Comparison of Family Business Supply Chain Integration of International and Non-International Food Industry Sector of Michoacán

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertha Molina-Quintana ◽  
María Berta Quintana-León
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Supply Chain Integration ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research is to compare the integration of the supply chain of international family businesses with the integration of the supply chain of non-international family businesses in the food sector of Michoacán, Mexico, in order to analyze whether there are differences between the relationship of companies with their suppliers and customers given the international context. The supply chain integration is measured through the methodology of arcs of integration, to graphically represent the integration towards suppliers or customers, illustrated through an arc. The measurement instrument was applied to 93 family food manufacturing companies, of which only 14 companies participate in the international market. Statistics such as ANOVA is used to analyze the data and obtain valid results. The study determined that the internationalization of the family business contributes significantly to the integration of the supply chain in terms of suppliers, but not in terms of customers.

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