scholarly journals Clean Development, Energy Substitution, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Project Implementation in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Beibei Shi ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Rong Kang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Development Mechanism

In the face of increasingly severe climate change and its disastrous effects, how to effectively tackle it and reduce carbon dioxide emissions has become an important global issue. Clean development mechanism (CDM) project implementation provides an opportunity for more developing countries to actively participate in global climate governance. As the largest global emitter of carbon dioxide, have China’s CDM projects slowed down carbon dioxide emissions? In order to answer this question, the study constructs panel data at the provincial level from 2000 to 2017 to investigate the emission-reduction effects of China’s CDM projects. Results showed that China’s CDM projects’ implementation significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) and the growth rate of carbon dioxide emissions. The emission reduction effects of different types of CDM projects have obvious heterogeneity. In addition, this study further found that China’s CDM projects’ implementation can not only effectively substitute traditional fossil energy, but also improve energy-utilization efficiency.

scholarly journals Contribution of Cloud Computing in the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emission

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Nusratullah Khan ◽  
Kajal Nusatullah ◽  
Asadullah Shah
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Information Technology Industry ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
Computing Industry ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

The Information Technology industry is rapidly expanding and as a result its contribution to carbon dioxide emission is also rapidly increasing. Fortunately, the cloud computing industry is perceived by many to be a viable solution for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Accordingly, there are numerous studies which try to prove that cloud computing can reduce carbon dioxide emissions up to more than half of the current carbon dioxide emissions. In this paper, two of such studies where reviewed to assess whether cloud computing is indeed a viable candidate for limiting and reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the IT industry. All the information gathered in this paper prove that; cloud computing is a promising technology which could reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The percentage of decrease can range from 10% to 90%. The effectiveness of the carbon dioxide emission reduction process is highly dependent on the size of the business organization. Accordingly the size of the organization is negatively correlated to the efficiency of carbon dioxide reduction. This means that as the size of the organization increase, carbon dioxide emission reduction decrease. This paper also presented the four reasons why cloud computing can reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which are: dynamic provisioning, multi-tenancy, server utilization, and data center efficiency.

Synthesis of Carbon Integration Networks Coupled with Hydrate Suppression and Dehydration Options

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachid Klaimi ◽  
Sabla Y Alnouri ◽  
Dhabia Al-Mohannadi ◽  
Joseph Zeaiter ◽  
Patrick Linke
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Nonlinear Program ◽  
Industrial Cities

Abstract The excessive increase in carbon dioxide emissions through the past several decades has raised global climate change concerns. As such, environmental policy makers have been looking into the implementation of efficient strategies that would ultimately reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels, and meet strict emissions targets. As part of a national emission reduction strategy, the reduction of carbon-dioxide emissions from industrial activities has been proven to be very significant. This instigated the need for a systematic carbon integration approach that can yield cost-effective carbon integration networks, while meeting prescribed carbon dioxide emission reduction targets in industrial cities. A novel carbon integration methodology has been previously proposed as a carbon network source-sink mapping approach using a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Program (MINLP), and was found to be very effective to devise emission control strategies in industrial cities. This paper aims to further improve the design process of carbon integration networks, by coupling carbon integration networks with hydrate suppression/moisture removal options. This was found vital for the prevention of any potential hazards that are associated with the transportation of carbon dioxide in pipelines, such as hydrate formation and various corrosion effects, which may result from moisture retention. An extensive analysis of carbon capture, dehydration, inhibition, compression, and transmission options have all been incorporated into the network design process, in the course of determining cost-optimal solutions for carbon dioxide networks. The proposed approach has been illustrated using an industrial city case study.

scholarly journals The travel-related carbon dioxide emissions of atmospheric researchers

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7373-7389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stohl
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Ozone Production ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. Most atmospheric scientists agree that greenhouse gas emissions have already caused significant changes to the global climate system and that these changes will accelerate in the near future. At the same time, atmospheric scientists who – like other scientists – rely on international collaboration and information exchange travel a lot and, thereby, cause substantial emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). In this paper, the CO2 emissions of the employees working at an atmospheric research institute (the Norwegian Institute for Air Research, NILU) caused by all types of business travel (conference visits, workshops, field campaigns, instrument maintainance, etc.) were calculated for the years 2005–2007. It is estimated that more than 90% of the emissions were caused by air travel, 3% by ground travel and 5% by hotel usage. The travel-related annual emissions were between 1.9 and 2.4 t CO2 per employee or between 3.9 and 5.5 t CO2 per scientist. For comparison, the total annual per capita CO2 emissions are 4.5 t worldwide, 1.2 t for India, 3.8 t for China, 5.9 t for Sweden and 19.1 t for Norway. The travel-related CO2 emissions of a NILU scientist, occurring in 24 days of a year on average, exceed the global average annual per capita emission. Norway's per-capita CO2 emissions are among the highest in the world, mostly because of the emissions from the oil industry. If the emissions per NILU scientist derived in this paper are taken as representative for the average Norwegian researcher, travel by Norwegian scientists would nevertheless account for a substantial 0.2% of Norway's total CO2 emissions. Since most of the travel-related emissions are due to air travel, water vapor emissions, ozone production and contrail formation further increase the relative importance of NILU's travel in terms of radiative forcing.

Assessment of the risks of using hydrogen instead of carbon-containing fuels in the ferrous metallurgy

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
E. A. Alabushev ◽  
I. S. Bersenev ◽  
V. V. Bragin ◽  
A. A. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Explosion Hazard ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

The Paris Agreement, adopted in December of 2015 at the 21st session of the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties and effected from November of 2016, coordinates the efforts of states to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide. One of its largest emitters to the atmosphere is the metallurgical industry. Among the proposed ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions is the widespread use of hydrogen in the ferrous metallurgy. An overview of the problems that the ferrous metallurgy will face when replacing carbon-containing fuels with hydrogen is presented. It was noted that the use of hydrogen in the ferrous metallurgy contains such technological risks as high cost in comparison with currently used fuels and reducing agents; explosion hazard and corrosion activity, the need for a radical reconstruction of thermal units when using hydrogen instead of traditional for the ferrous metallurgy natural, coke and blast furnace gases, as well as solid fuels. It is shown that minimizing these risks is not always possible or economically feasible, and the result of using hydrogen in the ferrous metallurgy instead of carbon-containing fuel from the point of view of reducing greenhouse gas emissions may be low with a significant increase of economic and social risks.

Global Effects of Atmospheric Emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Element Carbon ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Long Time

The element carbon Carbon dioxide emissions are increasing primarily as a result of people's use of fossil fuels for electricity. Coal and oil are fossil fuels that contain carbon that plants removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis over millions of years; and in just a few hundred years we've returned carbon to the atmosphere. The element carbon Carbon dioxide concentrations rise primarily as a result of the burning of fossil fuels and Freon for electricity. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas produce carbon plants that were photosynthesized from the atmosphere over many years, since in just two centuries, carbon was returned to the atmosphere. Climate alter could be a noteworthy time variety in weather designs happening over periods ranging from decades to millions of a long time. The permanent change in climatic conditions, or in the time period of long-term natural conditions, indicates irregularity in climatic conditions. Discuss toxins are pollutants that have an adverse impact on the ecosystem through interferometry's with the climatic environment, plant physiology, creature organisms, complete biological systems and human property in the form of agricultural or human crops. We list the best climate to represent the fact that global climate change has been identified as one of the major environmental problems facing humanity in the 21st century. In this context, the list of "classic" poisons must be included alongside substances such as oxides of nitrogen or sulfide. Certain environment limiting agents – the most crucial of them being carbon dioxide – which otherwise do not damage life formations. On the other hand, climate research has linked some compounds that have long been known to discuss toxin (occasionally dark CO2) with the warming of the climate.

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