scholarly journals Settlement and Recruitment Potential of Four Invasive and One Indigenous Barnacle Species in South Korea and Their Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Michael Dadole Ubagan ◽  
Yun-Sik Lee ◽  
Taekjun Lee ◽  
Jinsol Hong ◽  
Il Hoi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
East Sea ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Korea Strait ◽  
Barnacle Species ◽  
The Relationship

Invasion by nonindigenous species is a major threat to marine ecosystems. In this study, the distribution and occupied area (as a percentage) of four invasive barnacle species (Amphibalanus amphitrite, Amphibalanus eburneus, Amphibalanus improvisus, Perforatus perforatus), and one indigenous (Balanus trigonus) barnacle species in 13 ports in three Korean seas (Yellow Sea, Korea Strait, and East Sea) were investigated. The average ratio for all five species was 11.17% in summer and 7.59% in winter, indicating a higher occupancy in summer. B. trigonus, which is an indigenous species, was found on all ports, except for one (IC). Of the invasive species, A. amphitrite was found mainly in the Yellow Sea, A. improvisus in the Korea Strait, and A. eburneus along with P. perforatus were found in the East Sea. From nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis, six parameters related to water temperature and salinity were found to be significantly correlated with the distribution and occupancy status of these five barnacle species. Using the six parameters as independent variables, random forest (RF) models were developed. Based on these models, the predicted future dominant invasive species were A. improvisus and A. amphitrite in the Yellow Sea and P. perforatus in the East Sea and Korea Strait. This study suggests that long-term monitoring of invasive species is crucial, and that determining the relationship between the results of monitoring and environmental variables can be helpful in predicting the damage caused by invasive species resulting from environmental changes.

Past testate amoeba communities in landslide mountain fens (Polish Carpathians): The relationship between shell types and sediment

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362199464
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcisz ◽  
Krzysztof Buczek ◽  
Mariusz Gałka ◽  
Włodzimierz Margielewski ◽  
Matthieu Mulot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Testate Amoebae ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Depth To Water Table ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
The Relationship

Landslide mountain fens formed in landslide depressions are dynamic environments as their development is disturbed by a number of factors, for example, landslides, slopewash, and surface run-off. These processes lead to the accumulation of mineral material and wood in peat. Disturbed peatlands are interesting archives of past environmental changes, but they may be challenging for providing biotic proxy-based quantitative reconstructions. Here we investigate long-term changes in testate amoeba communities from two landslide mountain fens – so far an overlooked habitat for testate amoeba investigations. Our results show that abundances of testate amoebae are extremely low in this type of peatlands, therefore not suitable for providing quantitative depth-to-water table reconstructions. However, frequent shifts of dominant testate amoeba species reflect dynamic lithological situation of the studied fens. We observed that high and stable mineral matter input into the peatlands was associated with high abundances of species producing agglutinated (xenosomic) as well as idiosomic shells which prevailed in the testate amoeba communities in both analyzed profiles. This is the first study that explores testate amoebae of landslide mountain fens in such detail, providing novel information about microbial communities of these ecosystems.

Intercomparison of Air–Sea Interface Fluxes over the Yellow Sea and Korea Strait: Impact of Tsushima Warm Current

2007 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bala Subrahamanyam ◽  
Radhika Ramachandran ◽  
S. Indira Rani ◽  
P. K. Kunhikrishnan ◽  
B. Prasad Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Tsushima Warm Current ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Warm Current ◽  
Korea Strait

Relocation of Offshore Earthquakes around the Korean Peninsula using Multiple Seismic Arrays: Case Examples for East Sea and Yellow Sea Regions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Chioung Chiu ◽  
Jer-Ming Chiu ◽  
Kwanghee Kim ◽  
Suyoung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Sea ◽  
East Sea ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Plate Boundaries ◽  
Apparent Velocity ◽  
Seismic Stations ◽  
Velocity Models ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Earthquake Hazard Assessment ◽  
Regional Earthquake

<p>Yellow Sea and East Sea regions near Korea are two of the most seismically active marginal seas in the Far East.  While offshore earthquakes in the Yellow Sea may be attributed to potential micro-plate boundaries, East Sea earthquakes may be associated to the seaward extension of many active faults on land or the deformation boundary between oceanic and continental crust.  However, offshore earthquake locations using local seismic network are always subjecting to large uncertainties due to poor spatial coverage of seismic stations, discrepancies on velocity models, and limitations on traditional location technologies.  For instance, it is not uncommon that the same earthquake within Yellow Sea may be reported independently more than tens to hundreds of km apart in Chinese and Korean catalogs while there is no mechanism for earthquake data exchange between the two countries.   Multiple seismic array method can be applied to improve epicenter location of offshore earthquakes.  Seismic stations in Korea can be integrated into three arrays based on their latitude. Apparent azimuths and apparent velocities of the incoming seismic waves (mainly Pn) from a regional earthquake to each array can be reliably determined.  Epicenter of a regional earthquake can thus be located by tracing seismic rays following the back azimuths derived from multiple arrays.  Offshore earthquakes in the East Sea and Yellow Sea regions are located at shallow depth within crust that Pn waves are expected to be the first arrival phase at many Korean stations.  Thus, offshore earthquakes can be reasonably located using Pn arrivals.  In the Yellow Sea case, the apparent velocity ~8.0 km/sec is observed for all arrays suggesting a typical continental Pn waves propagating across the continent-continent transition region into Korea.  In the East Sea case, the apparent velocity of ~6.8 km/sec or lower is observed for all arrays suggesting a typical oceanic Pn wave propagating across the oceanic-continental margin into Korea.  A better relocated earthquake location in the offshore region is essential for our understanding of regional tectonics and earthquake hazard assessment.</p>

Bacillus hwajinpoensis sp. nov. and an unnamed Bacillus genomospecies, novel members of Bacillus rRNA group 6 isolated from sea water of the East Sea and the Yellow Sea in Korea

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hoon Yoon ◽  
In-Gi Kim ◽  
Kook Hee Kang ◽  
Tae-Kwang Oh ◽  
Yong-Ha Park
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
East Sea ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
16S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Group 6

Two Gram-positive or -variable, endospore-forming, slightly halophilic strains (SW-72T and SW-93) were isolated from sea water of the East Sea and the Yellow Sea in Korea, respectively, and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic study. Both strains had cell-wall peptidoglycan that was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The two strains contained large amounts of saturated and branched fatty acids, with anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-72T and SW-93 were 40·9 and 41·0 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strains SW-72T and SW-93 fall within the radiation of the cluster that comprises members of the genus Bacillus, particularly Bacillus rRNA group 6. There were five nucleotide differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of strains SW-72T and SW-93. The mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strains SW-72T and SW-93 was 21·5 %. Strains SW-72T and SW-93 showed 93·1–95·2 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the type strains of Bacillus species that are assigned to rRNA group 6. Strains SW-72T and SW-93 could not be differentiated clearly by using their phenotypic properties. On the basis of phenotypic properties, phylogeny and genomic data, it is proposed that strain SW-72T (=KCCM 41641T=JCM 11807T) should be placed in the genus Bacillus as the type strain of a novel species, Bacillus hwajinpoensis sp. nov., and that strain SW-93 (=KCCM 41640=JCM 11806) should be placed in the genus Bacillus as an unnamed Bacillus genomospecies.

Mountain chickadees return to their post-natal dispersal settlements following long-term captivity

Behaviour ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
pp. 551-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie L. Branch ◽  
Dovid Y. Kozlovsky ◽  
Rebecca Croston ◽  
Angela Pitera ◽  
Vladimir V. Pravosudov
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mountain Chickadees ◽  
Initial Capture

There is little work investigating the relationship between environmental changes and associated hippocampal effects on animal homing. We took advantage of previous studies in which wild, non-migratory mountain chickadees spent six months in captivity prior to being released. Over the following three years, 45.8% of the birds were resighted, and in all cases birds were identified less than 300 m from their initial capture locations at their respective elevation, despite previous studies documentingca30% captivity-related reduction of the hippocampus. Reproductive success of birds that spent six months in captivity did not differ from control birds that did not experience captivity. Our findings suggest that chickadees are highly site faithful and can return to their original capture location after spending time in captivity. Our results also have important implications for animal welfare practices as birds held in captivity bred successfully and may not need to be sacrificed following captivity.

Biogeography of intertidal and subtidal native and invasive barnacles in Korea in relation to oceanographic current ecoregions and global climatic changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1079-1091
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyong Kim ◽  
Benny K. K. Chan ◽  
Sang-kyu Lee ◽  
Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
East China Sea ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
East Sea ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
East China ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Korean Waters ◽  
Water Species ◽  
Cold Water Species

AbstractThe coastline of the Korean Peninsula is influenced by three major oceanographic ecoregions, including the estuarine Yellow Sea ecoregion on the west coast, the warmer and saline East China Sea ecoregion on the south coast, and the cold East Sea ecoregion on the east coast. The influence of these marine ecoregions on the distribution of intertidal barnacles has not been extensively studied. The present study examines the biogeography of thoracican barnacles from intertidal and shallow subtidal zones, along the coasts of Korea. Twenty-one species in seven families were identified, including three species of coral-associated barnacles. Species composition varied significantly in the three marine ecoregions. Multivariate analysis showed barnacle assemblages were significant among the three ecoregions, although there are large overlaps of clusters between the Yellow Sea and East China Sea ecoregions. The estuarine species, Fistulobalanus albicostatus, occurred mainly in the Yellow Sea ecoregion; warm-water species, Tetraclita japonica, and sponge inhabiting barnacles Euacasta dofleini were observed in the East China Sea ecoregion; and cold-water species, Balanus rostratus and Perforatus perforatus, were found in the East Sea ecoregion. Four invasive barnacle species were recorded and the European barnacle Perforatus perforatus expanded its range northward from its recorded distribution nine years earlier. The cold-water species, Chthamalus dalli and Semibalanus cariosus, previously recorded in the East Sea ecoregion, were absent in the present survey. A trend of increasing seawater temperatures in Korean waters may have a significant impact on the distribution of cold-water species and enhance the northward invasion of P. perforatus.

scholarly journals Inventarisasi Teritip Non-Indigenous yang Menempel pada Ocean Going Vessel di Pelabuhan Tanjung Intan Cilacap

Biosfera ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Romanus Edy Prabowo ◽  
Erwin Riyanto Ardli
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Species Invasion ◽  
Marine Fouling ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Barnacle Species ◽  
Shipping Traffic ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Different Origins

Portof Tanjung Intan Cilacapis one of four major international shipping ports located in JawaIslandand among 85 ports throughout Indonesia. International shipping ports are exposed for non-indigenous species including barnalces as a consequence of shipping traffic. Barnacle is the most common marine fouling found in ship’s hull and ballast water of ocean going vessel. This work was aimed at knowing which barnacle species were passively transported on such vessels hulls, in order to map and monitor non-indigenous species invasion in the area. Four vessels of different origins were investigated between April and November 2009. Among four vessels, three of them were clean. A cosmopolite non-invasive species were found on a ship of Ukrainan origin, Amphibalanus amphitrite., which also occur dominantly in the port of Tanjung Intan Cilacap. This port was considered at no introduction risk of non-indigenous species.

scholarly journals A Simulation Model of the Decomposition Activity of Multiple Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 02028
Author(s):  
Ruoxuan Liu ◽  
Jianhui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Model Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Model ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Single Colony ◽  
Extension Model ◽  
The Relationship

Fungi play an essential role in carbon cycle by decomposing the litter and woody fibers. This study aims to establish a model for describing the decomposition by multiple fungal activities in different environment. We establish Colony Distribution-Decomposition Model to simulate the interaction between various fungi and describe the relationship between fungal activity and decomposition, which is divided into three sub-models: single colony growth and extension model, decomposition model and competition model. We applied this model to the study of the interaction of different species, the sensitivity of fungi to environmental changes in short-term and long-term, the adapatability to different climate types for various species and the role biodiversity plays in the breakdown of the litter. The developed model has the advantages of comprehensiveness, stability, rationality, and wide application, which is a feasible and reasonable model to assist the analysis on the interaction between multiple fungi and describe the relationship between fungal activity and decomposition.

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