scholarly journals A Methodological Approach on Disused Public Properties in the 15-Minute City Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Ginevra Balletto ◽  
Mara Ladu ◽  
Alessandra Milesi ◽  
Giuseppe Borruso
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Central Services

Accessibility and Walkability represent, today, some of the most striking challenges contemporary cities are facing, particularly in light of the goals from UN Agenda 2030, aimed at a sustainable city, and particularly in terms of a livable, healthy and inclusive city. This can be also performed thanks to a set of high quality public services and a set of important and central services and infrastructures. These principles, however, are constrained by an overall, general fragmentation affecting many urban areas, particularly as an outcome of the vehicular accessibility needs. Scholars have debated through the years on the nature of cities and on the preference for centrality of services compared to the distribution of services towards dispersed neighborhood units. Recently, a need for a wider, minimum set of services that is easily reachable to most citizens is filling the scholars and city mayors’ agendas in order to improve urban performances. This is also coupled with a huge surge in the heritage of abandoned urban items coming from previous periods of time and alternative uses. The aim of this research is to evaluate the role of abandoned urban assets—particularly big-size buildings and compounds and their areas—to facilitate the implementation of the concept of a 15-minute city, a city that is capable of granting a wider social equality and access to main urban services to citizens and city users. To do this, we developed a set of indexes, capable of detecting porosity, crossing and attractiveness. This latter index in particular represents a combined index that can be used to improve the accessibility of pedestrians in urban central locations. In the present research, we decided to limit the analysis to a subset of disused public buildings in the historic center of a sample city, as Cagliari (Sardinia, Italy). This was done in order to understand if and in which terms they can contribute, after their redevelopment, to the development of the 15-minute city, as well as reducing the “enclave–effect: they are, at present, playing in the historic urban fabric.

The Development of Smart Public Spaces in the Greek Historic Centers

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Despina Dimelli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Integrated Conservation

Historic centres constitute a substantial urban fabric which concentrate cultural elements that have been shaped through the centuries. The current chapter investigates the role of public spaces in Greek historical centres and the role of smart tools and applications in their integrated conservation. The paper examines three public spaces of Athens historic center and analyzes the threats and opportunities they face. Urban planning and design have an essential role in the historic centres' public spaces revival, and towards this direction, smart technologies can be decisive. The chapter evaluates parameters that shape historic public spaces as urban design, sustainable moblity, urban functions and participatory processes and it proposes the integration of ICT in these fields in order to make historic public spaces vibrant urban areas.

scholarly journals A Methodological Approach on Disused Public Properties in the 15-Minute City Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginevra Balletto ◽  
Mara Ladu ◽  
Alessandra Milesi ◽  
Giuseppe Borruso
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Accessibility ◽  
The City

Urban accessibility represents one of the great challenges of the contemporary city, which is required to adopt sustainable development models in line with the UN Agenda 2030 objectives, recently confirmed by the health emergency. Urban accessibility and walkability are topics closely related to those aiming at a livable, healthy and inclusive city, based on a system of high-quality public spaces and on a network of services and infrastructures. However, these principles collide with the fragmentation of many urban contexts, built following vehicular accessibility needs. Within this framework, the city of Cagliari represents an interesting case study as it is affected by the disposal of public properties which appear as “enclaves” in the historic urban fabric. This research aims to evaluate if and in which terms the abandoned assets can facilitate the development of the 15-minutes city, as a city reducing the need to move over a certain time and space and therefore granting a more equal access to urban services to a wide range of citizens. This is done by proposing indexes defined as porosity, crossing and attractiveness, which constitute a combined index to improve the pedestrian accessibility in the “central places” of the contemporary city, where the walkability can also become a possible “free choice” for a new healthy lifestyle. These indexes were calculated for the most significant large disused public buildings in the historic center to guide future scenarios towards a 15 minutes city.

scholarly journals The role of landscape planning in European landscape convention implementation

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Policy Initiative ◽  
High Quality ◽  
European Landscape Convention ◽  
Recent Policy

The most important recent policy initiative concerning quality and diversity, as well as natural and cultural landscape's values within all Europe is European Landscape Convention. The Convention was adopted by Council of Europe's Community of Ministers on 20th October 2000., in Firenze, Italy. The main goal of the Convention is protection, planning and management of the landscape as important part of the quality of life for people living everywhere: in urban areas and in countryside, in degraded areas as well as in the areas with high quality and those recognized as being of outstanding beauty. Serbia has singed Convention on 21 of September 2007. Diversity and quality, the cultural and natural values linked to European landscapes are part of Europe's common heritage, and it is important to co-operate towards its protection, management and planning According to explored international experiences, landscape plan, with its known methodology, is recognized as the most suitable tool in the most Countries which have already implemented European Landscape Convention. As to situation in Serbia, landscape planning is not treated in adequate or appropriate way within system of spatial planning. On the basis of the recent European experiences regarding The European Landscape Convention, the paper will underline the inevitability of landscape planning integration into the spatial planning system at the national, regional and city level, in Serbia.

Collaborative aspects of nature-based solutions: strategies, plans, programs, policies, projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina-Gabriela Mitincu ◽  
Ioan-Cristian iojă ◽  
Constantina-Alina Hossu ◽  
Mihai-Răzvan Niță ◽  
Andreea Niță
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Investments

<p>The integrated approach of sustainable development refers to addressing complex challenges by combining knowledge from various environmental and planning fields. Thus, nature-based solutions (NbS) are a category of new tools that can help cities increase their resilience and sustainability. They represent those actions inspired, supported or copied from nature, which have a high potential to be energy efficient and to use natural resources, as well as promote multi-functionality and connectivity between green infrastructure and built-up areas. To achieve their purpose NbS have to be developed and managed in collaborative ways. The strategies, plans, programs, policies and projects developed at European and international level have led to the consolidation, at least from a theoretical perspective, of the significance and role of NbS in urban areas. Thus, this study aims to identify the way these documents are directed towards sustainability and innovative solutions (such as NbS), with emphasis on the collaborative approaches for NbS. Our preliminary results indicate that most of the international and European documents specify that the economic development needs to be achieved in close connection with increasing urban sustainability, based on sustainable investments such as green infrastructures or NbS. Furthermore, under the guidance of these documents, the international institutions, research experts and decision makers seek collaboration with city representatives in order to integrate the benefits generated by such sustainable investments. Among the analyzed documents, the new 2030 Urban Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals, reveal the need for participatory approaches to reach consensus about sustainable development. Other important international and European documents directed towards sustainability and NbS are Urban Water Agenda 2030, New Urban Agenda – Habitat III or 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. So, NbS represent a support in the efficient use of resources in order to promote urban development in concordance with the economic growth, participatory planning and guvernance, environmental policy, social cohesion and justice, public health and quality of life, environment protection.</p>

scholarly journals Geographic Differences of Individual Views toward the Role of Government

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
Daniel Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Government Involvement ◽  
The Government

Government, through the provision of public services, plays an integral role in the lives of American citizens.  In consequence, public opinion of government involvement has been consistently measured through the use of national surveys in order to better evaluate the public’s reaction to specific public policies.  While measuring of aggregate public opinions on government involvement is valuable, there are certainly differences across various groups of Americans.  The United States may be divided when it comes to partisanship and ideology, but perhaps there are also significant divisions between Americans based on their geography, or “place”.  Using data from the American National Election Survey from 1994-2008, this study examines the differences in opinion on government spending towards public services, welfare programs, and Social Security.  Rooted in the idea that different “places” harbor varying degrees of support for the government, I hypothesize that the role of government is viewed differently between urban and rural America, further demonstrating that America experiences an urban-rural division in regard to perceptions of American politics.  The findings demonstrate that ideology drives Americans’ support for these specific policies and that “place” can serve as a conditioning effect on the standard ideological view.  Specifically, liberals living in rural areas are less supportive of government spending than their liberal counterparts living in more urban areas.  Additionally, rural liberals are less supportive of welfare spending; however, are more supportive of Social Security than liberals from urban areas.

scholarly journals The Tuai Rumah in Brunei Darussalam: Continuity and Challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Li Li Pang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Administrative Position ◽  
Leadership Structure ◽  
The Government

Research on the Iban community in Brunei Darussalam, whose lifestyles and leadership structure are recognized by the government, is scarce. This paper is an attempt to understand the role of the Tuai Rumah, the leader of an Iban longhouse and a recognized administrative position in the country’s local administration as well as the challenges they face in ‘administrating’ in their community. The community’s culture and tradition are endangered as younger members of the community have moved to urban areas in search of employment and better access to public services and are not exposed to their ancestors’ traditional lifestyles. It is possible that the institution of the Tuai Rumah may be abolished in the next decade unless the government re-consider strategies to improve and invest in rural development. 

scholarly journals Globalisation, migration flows and sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-126
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Varani ◽  
Enrico Bernardini
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
The Future ◽  
Migration Flows

Abstract The mobility of people is an important theme of geographical research because immigrant currents profoundly transform regional models, mainly urban areas, configuring themselves as a factor of social destabilization, as they change the composition of the population, triggering processes of mutual cultural contamination that are projected on the territory, differentiating it from its geographical surroundings. The contribution, starting from a look at international migration, intends to analyze different aspects related to the phenomenon of mobility such as globalization, sustainability and the role of International Cooperation in the light of the objectives of Agenda 2030 for sustainable development, challenges that concern not only the present, but especially the future.

scholarly journals The Role of Vegetation in the Urban Policies of European Cities in the Age of the Sustainable City

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Alexandre
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
The City ◽  
Green Belts

The emergence of the modern concept of the sustainable city raises afresh the longstanding issue of the place and role of vegetation in urban and peri-urban areas in Europe. The awareness of biodiversity and the exploration of the services provided by ecosystems both lead to the development of ecological networks based on green spaces in and around the city. The establishment of these networks converges with the control of urban growth and urban sprawl, with the ‘green belts’. Drawing on the development of public policy governing the place of vegetation in Berlin, London and Paris, this article seeks to show the correspondences that have developed in the discussions of urban policy carried on in the major industrialized countries, and also the conflicting goals which these policies are meant to implement.

Towards effective regulation of the development of the Russian mineral resource complex: issues of industrial policy and corporate management

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Yu. B. Vinslav
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resource ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Key Factor

The article systematizes the main governance factors for ensuring the effective functioning of the mineral and raw materials complex (MRMC) of Russia and its rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth. The role of industrial policy as a key factor in the rational reproduction and diversification of the mineral resource complex is emphasized. Examples of innovative development of the complex in the aspects of increasing the output of high added value products and improving the environmental friendliness of production are given. Recommendations for improving the governance of exploration activities are given. A methodological approach to the governance of unified production and technological chains in the mineral resource complex is proposed. The author formulates the considerations concerning the activation of innovative activity of the complex companies based on the improvement of corporate management.

Making Movies and Community of Talent

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Hirasawa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Shop Floor ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
Staff Members

Staff members at a movie company Daiei, known for presumably the world’s best film technology, continued to produce movies for several months even after the company went bankrupt. It was because they desired to make outstanding films. A director can create a high-quality film by combining the skills and ideas of such staff. Akira Kurosawa named the group that could produce excellent works the “Community of Talents”. By using research on a community as a clue, this paper aims to highlight how the “Community of Talents” is organized. First I point out that a “Community of Talents” is formulated primarily by the labor of the staff based on Kumazawa’s “Community on the Shop Floor”. The paper subsequently refers to research by Heinrich Nicklish, a representative researcher on the study of community in Germany, in an attempt to verify that the community is a group of people established on functions. Lastly, the paper explores Guido Fisher’s research to reveal the role of democratic leadership centered on the director who transforms the objectified staff in the organization into an independently-minded presence and help them prove their abilities. The paper continues to emphasize the significance of leadership in the formation of the “Community of Talents”.

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