scholarly journals Lake Atitlan: A Review of the Food, Energy, and Water Sustainability of a Mountain Lake in Guatemala

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Neher ◽  
Michelle L. Soupir ◽  
Rameshwar S. Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Living Will ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Mountain Lake ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Lake Atitlan

This paper summarizes the findings of an extensive review of literature that was conducted to understand the historical state of the food, energy, and water nexus in the Lake Atitlan basin and to recommend incentive-based, long-term sustainable policies to become a significant driver to Guatemala’s tourism industry and GDP growth. The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was implemented in the basin to work towards the goal of simulating nutrient loading. A key conclusion of this review study is for the local population to have advocacy for the “zero wastewater discharge to Lake Atitlan” initiative to bring long-term benefits to lake water quality. One of the recommended policy decisions is to seek external financing from international agencies like the World Bank at low-cost interest (IDA Loans) to implement waste management systems and pay this external debt by putting a small but affordable tax on tourists visiting the lake. Once a culture of zero municipal effluent discharge to Lake Atitlan is adopted by the local population, the livelihood of residents will become sustainable and the standard of living will increase because of improved water and air quality, making Lake Atitlan a haven of tourism for Guatemala and lifting its economy.

scholarly journals Flooding dynamics in a large low-gradient alluvial fan, the Okavango Delta, Botswana, from analysis and interpretation of a 30-year hydrometric record

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wolski ◽  
M. Murray-Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Okavango Delta ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Flood Dynamics

Abstract. The Okavango Delta is a flood-pulsed wetland, which supports a large tourism industry and the subsistence of the local population through the provision of ecosystem services. In order to obtain insight into the influence of various environmental factors on flood propagation and distribution in this system, an analysis was undertaken of a 30-year record of hydrometric data (discharges and water levels) from one of the Delta distributaries. The analysis revealed that water levels and discharges at any given channel site in this distributary are influenced by a complex interplay of flood wave and local rainfall inputs, modified by channel-floodplain interactions, in-channel sedimentation and technical interventions, both at the given site and upstream. Additionally, cyclical variation of channel vegetation due to intermittent nutrient loading, possibly sustained by nutrient recycling, may play a role. It is shown that short and long-term flood dynamics are mainly due to variation in floodplain flows. As a consequence, discharge data collected within the main channels of distributaries do not adequately represent flooding dynamics in the system. The paper contributes to the understanding of seasonal and long-term flood pulsing and their variation in low gradient systems of channels and floodplains.

scholarly journals Examination of the Prospects for Formation and Development of the Finno-Ugric Tourist Cluster in the Republic of Mordovia

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana E. Maykova ◽  
Denis V. Okunev
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism Industry ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The article is of relevance due to the need to develop the tourism industry as one of the most attractive investment components of regional develop- ment from a strategic perspective. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the prospects for development of the Finno-Ugric tourist cluster in the territory of the Republic of Mordovia it being an integrating element of the comprehensive use of available resources involved in the process of providing tourist and recreational services and contributing to the competitiveness of the region. Materials and Methods. The study employed the factor analysis as well as the methods of SNW analysis and integral assessment of the degree of influence of the factors on the tourism industry. Using the methods of mapping, a map of the long- term development of tourist clusters of the Republic of Mordovia was constructed. Results. The influence of external and internal factors in the development of the tourism industry in the region was assessed on the basis of the analysis of the trends and dynamics of the development of the tourist services market in the Republic of Mordovia as well as of the degree and nature of the impact of external and internal factors on the formation of the tourism industry. The investment risk and potential of the tourism industry were ranked and a map of the long-term development of tourist clusters of the region was drawn conditioned by available natural resources, geographical location, cultural potential and traditions of the local population. It was proved that the ethno-cultural component was the key element of development of the tourism industry in the region. Discussion and Conclusions. The cluster approach in the development of the tour- ism industry is the most promising one as it promotes the effective integration of all elements of the tourist services sector as well as the functioning of the tourist infrastructure, the growth of the investment attractiveness of this area of activity and the competitiveness of the region as a whole. The article is intended for managers and specialists of organizations and enterprises of the hospitality and tourism industry.

scholarly journals Flooding dynamics in a large low-gradient alluvial fan, the Okavango Delta, Botswana, from analysis and interpretation of a 30-year hydrometric record

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1865-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wolski ◽  
M. Murray-Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Okavango Delta ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Flood Dynamics ◽  
The Given ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. The Okavango Delta is a flood-pulsed wetland, the resources of which support a large tourism industry and subsistence of the local population. In order to obtain an insight into the influence of various environmental factors on flood propagation and distribution in this system, an analysis was undertaken of a 30-year record of hydrometric data (discharges and water levels) from one of the Delta distributaries. The analysis revealed that water levels and discharges at any given channel site in the analysed distributary are influenced by a complex interplay of flood wave and local rainfall input modified by channel-floodplain interactions, in-channel sedimentation and technical interventions, both at the given site and upstream. Additionally, cyclical variation of channel margin vegetation due to nutrients recycling might play a role. It was shown that data from channels do not adequately represent flood dynamics and its change at the distributary level. The paper contributes to the understanding of seasonal and long-term flood pulsing and their changes in low gradient systems of channels and floodplains.

scholarly journals Small Reservoir Impact on Simulated Watershed-Scale Nutrient Yield

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane J. Prochnow ◽  
Joseph D. White ◽  
Thad Scott ◽  
Christopher Filstrup
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Nutrient Yield ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
The Impact

The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) is used to assess the influence of small upland reservoirs (PL566) on watershed nutrient yield. SWAT simulates the impact of collectively increasing and decreasing PL566 magnitudes (size parameters) on the watershed. Totally removing PL566 reservoirs results in a 100%increase in total phosphorus and an 82%increase in total nitrogen, while a total maximum daily load (TMDL) calling for a 50%reduction in total phosphorus can be achieved with a 500%increase in the magnitude of PL566s in the watershed. PL566 reservoirs capture agriculture pollution in surface flow, providing long-term storage of these constituents when they settle to the reservoir beds. A potential strategy to reduce future downstream nutrient loading is to enhance or construct new PL566 reservoirs in the upper basin to better capture agricultural runoff.

scholarly journals The implications of vehicle collisions for the Endangered endemic Zanzibar red colobus Piliocolobus kirkii

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Harry Olgun ◽  
Mzee Khamis Mohammed ◽  
Abbas Juma Mzee ◽  
M. E. Landry Green ◽  
Tim R. B. Davenport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Ecology ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Red Colobus ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Life History Data ◽  
Natural Predation ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Roads affect wildlife in a variety of negative ways. Road ecology studies have mostly concentrated on areas in the northern hemisphere despite the potentially greater impact of roads on biodiversity in tropical habitats. Here, we examine 4 years (January 2016–December 2019) of opportunistic observations of mammalian roadkill along a road intersecting Jozani-Chwaka Bay National Park, Unguja, Zanzibar. In particular, we assess the impact of collisions on the population of an endemic primate, the Endangered Zanzibar red colobus Piliocolobus kirkii. Primates accounted for the majority of roadkill in this dataset. Monthly rainfall was not associated with roadkill frequency for mammals generally, nor for the Zanzibar red colobus. No single age–sex class of colobus was found dead more often than expected given their occurrence in the local population. The overall effect of roadkill on colobus populations in habitats fragmented by roads is unknown given the lack of accurate, long-term life history data for this species. Our findings suggest that mortality from collisions with vehicles in some groups of colobus is within the range of mortality rates other primates experience under natural predation. Unlike natural predators, however, vehicles do not kill selectively, so their impact on populations may differ. Although a comparison with historical accounts suggests that the installation of speedbumps along the road near the Park's entrance has led to a significant decrease in colobus roadkill, further actions to mitigate the impact of the road could bring substantial conservation benefits.

Post-Operative Dysphagia in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110155
Author(s):  
Leonard Haller ◽  
Khush Mehul Kharidia ◽  
Caitlin Bertelsen ◽  
Jeffrey Wang ◽  
Karla O’Dell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Anterior Cervical Discectomy ◽  
Cervical Discectomy ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Objective: We sought to identify risk factors associated with long-term dysphagia, characterize changes in dysphagia over time, and evaluate the incidence of otolaryngology referrals for patients with long-term dysphagia following anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF). Methods: About 56 patients who underwent ACDF between May 2017 to February 2019 were included in the study. All patients were assessed for dysphagia using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) survey preoperatively and late postoperatively (≥1 year). Additionally, 28 patients were assessed for dysphagia early postoperatively (2 weeks—3 months). Demographic data, medical comorbidities, intraoperative details, and post-operative otolaryngology referral rates were collected from electronic medical records. Results: Of the 56 patients enrolled, 21 patients (38%) had EAT-10 scores of 3 or more at long-term follow-up. None of the demographics, comorbidities, or surgical factors assessed were associated with long-term dysphagia. Patients who reported no long-term dysphagia had a mean EAT-10 score of 6.9 early postoperatively, while patients with long-term symptoms had a mean score of 18.1 ( P = .006). Of the 21 patients who reported persistent dysphagia symptoms, 3 (14%) received dysphagia testing or otolaryngology referrals post-operatively. Conclusion: Dysphagia is a notable side effect of ACDF surgery, but there are no significant demographics, comorbidities, or surgical risk factors that predict long-term dysphagia. Early postoperative characterization of dysphagia using the EAT-10 questionnaire can help predict long-term symptoms. There is inadequate screening and otolaryngology follow-up for patients with post-ACDF dysphagia.

scholarly journals Development and Verification of the Available Number of Water Intake Days in Ungauged Local Water Source Using the SWAT Model and Flow Recession Curves

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Jung-Ryel Choi ◽  
Il-Moon Chung ◽  
Se-Jin Jeung ◽  
Kyung-Su Choo ◽  
Cheong-Hyeon Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
High Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Regional Government

Climate change significantly affects water supply availability due to changes in the magnitude and seasonality of runoff and severe drought events. In the case of Korea, despite high water supply ratio, more populations have continued to suffer from restricted regional water supplies. Though Korea enacted the Long-Term Comprehensive Water Resources Plan, a field survey revealed that the regional government organizations limitedly utilized their drought-related data. These limitations present a need for a system that provides a more intuitive drought review, enabling a more prompt response. Thus, this study presents a rating curve for the available number of water intake days per flow, and reviews and calibrates the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model mediators, and found that the coefficient of determination, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and percent bias (PBIAS) from 2007 to 2011 were at 0.92, 0.84, and 7.2%, respectively, which were “very good” levels. The flow recession curve was proposed after calculating the daily long-term flow and extracted the flow recession trends during days without precipitation. In addition, the SWAT model’s flow data enables the quantitative evaluations of the number of available water intake days without precipitation because of the high hit rate when comparing the available number of water intake days with the limited water supply period near the study watershed. Thus, this study can improve drought response and water resource management plans.

scholarly journals Attitudes Toward Sexual Behaviors in Long-Term Care: Development of an Assessment Tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 602-603
Author(s):  
Rachael Spalding ◽  
Emma Katz ◽  
Barry Edelstein
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Development

Abstract Most older adults living in long-term care settings (LTCs) indicate that expressing their sexuality is important to them (Doll, 2013). Little is known about the general public’s attitudes towards sexual behaviors in LTCs. Attitudes of LTC residents’ family members are particularly important, as family members are most likely to visit residents and to care about their quality of life. Family members’ attitudes could in turn inform facility policies and management. We will present preliminary data from a series of qualitative interviews with community-dwelling adults regarding their attitudes. We will discuss how these data are being used to inform current work on a measure of attitudes toward sexual behavior in LTCs.

Tourism Productivity Theory and Measurement for Policy Implications: The Case of Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-266
Author(s):  
Tien Duc Pham
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Multifactor Productivity ◽  
Capital Productivity ◽  
Productivity Theory

Tourism productivity measures are quite diverse, not always compatible and usually based partly on labor productivity for hotels and restaurants. This article develops a holistic approach that integrates the principles of the growth accounting framework and tourism satellite account to measure multifactor productivity, labor productivity and capital productivity for the Australian tourism industry. This study shows that tourism has been identified as a reservoir for other industries through the ebbs and flows of labor demands. Compared with the rest of the economy, the average growth of labor productivity—that is, income per unit of labor—for tourism is stagnant, and has reached an unprecedented low, six times below the market sector average, mainly because of low multifactor productivity. The results are valuable for policy makers and the lobbying groups wanting to identify areas of need for policy changes to ensure the healthy long-term growth of tourism.

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