scholarly journals Influence of Design Parameters of Idler Bearing Units on the Energy Consumption of a Belt Conveyor

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Piotr Kulinowski ◽  
Piotr Kasza ◽  
Jacek Zarzycki
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Drive Power ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
Selection Of

This publication presents the results of laboratory tests of idler rolling resistance under operational loads. Operational loads are understood as radial and axial forces acting on the idler, with values corresponding to those that occur in the conditions of its operation in copper ore mines. Knowing the rolling resistance is important not only at the stage of conveyor design, selection of the drive power or calculations of the necessary belt strength, but also when improving and searching for new idler design solutions. The idlers adopted for this research were differentiated in terms of bearings and idler axial clearance. The investigations were carried out on a unique test stand designed and built by the authors. The construction of the stand enables simulating operational loads while measuring the rolling resistance. The test rig measures idler bearing losses and rolling drag, not belt indentation rolling resistance. The object of the research were ø133×465 idlers, which are most commonly used in the raw materials industry. The results show the possibility of reducing the belt conveyor energy consumption by appropriate selection of the design features of the idler bearing unit.

scholarly journals Specific Energy Consumption of a Belt Conveyor System in a Continuous Surface Mine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Kawalec ◽  
Natalia Suchorab ◽  
Martyna Konieczna-Fuławka ◽  
Robert Król
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption

Belt conveyor (BC) transportation systems are considered to be the most effective for handling large volumes of bulk material. With regards to the rules of sustainable development, the improvement of belt conveyor technology is, in many cases, focused on environmental issues, which include the idea of energy usage optimization. The key issue in an energy-efficient transportation system is reducing the value of specific energy consumption (SEC) by increasing conveyor capacity whilst decreasing belt conveyor motion resistance. The main idea of this paper is to conduct an analysis of the modernization of existing belt conveyor transportation systems operated in open-pit lignite mines, in order to achieve relatively small electric energy consumption for a considered transportation task. The first part of the paper investigates the relationship between a conveyor’s SEC and material flow rate for various conveyor design parameters. Then, based on multi-parameter simulations, an analysis of electric energy consumption for a belt conveyor transportation system is carried out. Finally, an energy-saving, environmentally friendly solution is presented.

scholarly journals MODELING A CLINKER FURNACE MONITORING SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
В. В. Шухин ◽  
М. С. Насуханов ◽  
М. С. Бараев
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Rotary Kilns ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Stationary Approximation ◽  
Hot Zone ◽  
Main Operating

Вращающиеся печи используются для преобразования кальцинированной сырьевой смеси в цементный клинкер. В этой статье рассматривается система контроля и управления клинкерной вращающейся печью посредством трехмерной модели для моделирования ключевых процессов, происходящих в твердом слое клинкерных печей. Эта система опирается на математическую модель, состоящую из пяти операционных уровней: три слоя для мониторинга состояния печи и два для ее системы управления. Изменение высоты слоя и образование расплава в горячей зоне внутри печи были учтены. Энергетический баланс (включая кондуктивный, конвективный и радиационный теплообмен) определялся на основе квазистационарного приближения. Численные эксперименты проводились с целью исследования влияния основных рабочих и проектных параметров на потребление энергии печи. Модель можно использовать для мониторинга температурного профиля внутри печи, для снижения потребления энергии на тонну клинкера. Модель и результаты, рассматриваемые в данной статье, обеспечивают настройку системы управления печи обжига клинкера. Rotary kilns are used to convert calcined raw materials into cement clinker. This article discusses a control and management system for a clinker rotary kiln through a 3D model to simulate key processes occurring in the solid bed of clinker kilns. This system is based on a mathematical model consisting of five operating levels: three layers for monitoring the state of the furnace and two for its control system. The change in the layer height and the formation of melt in the hot zone inside the furnace were taken into account. The energy balance (including conductive, convective and radiative heat transfer) was determined on the basis of a quasi-stationary approximation. Numerical experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of the main operating and design parameters on the energy consumption of the furnace. The model can be used to monitor the temperature profile inside the kiln to reduce energy consumption per tonne of clinker. The model and results discussed in this article provide tuning of the clinker kiln control system.

scholarly journals Design, Selection and Application of Energy Recovery Device in Seawater Desalination: A Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4150
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Kexin Pu ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Dazhuan Wu ◽  
Jianxing Leng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Energy Recovery System ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
Selection Of

In the seawater desalination system, the energy recovery system is a crucial part, as it consumes a lot of energy and plays a guiding role in the recovery efficiency. Therefore, in the energy recovery system, the recovery rate and energy consumption are the key factors to guide the system design. In order to make the energy recovery device achieve a high recovery rate under conditions of low energy consumption, the design and selection of each device in the system are particularly important. At the current stage, system matching optimization, device design optimization, and function objective optimization are widely used to improve the energy recovery system. In this paper, the design principle of the energy recovery integration system is analyzed, methods of reducing energy consumption and improving recovery efficiency are presented. The study provides guidance for the design and selection of energy recovery devices under different operating conditions.

Exonomy Analysis for the Selection of the Most Cost-Effective Pneumatic Drive Solution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Rakova ◽  
Jürgen Weber
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Pneumatic Drive ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Selection Of

Today pneumatic drives are widely used to perform various motion tasks. They distinguish themselves through low purchase price and robust design, but show high energy consumption in comparison with electric drives. Existing energy saving measures lead to the reduction of energy consumption, but at the same time they cause the increase of the life cycle costs. All in all, the selection of pneumatic drives has to be done regarding their functionality, efficiency and costs. In this paper the novel Exonomy approach is presented for the selection of the most cost-effective pneumatic drive solution. Developed analysis enables 3 steps. First step includes the new approach for the sizing of pneumatic cylinders based on exergy-energy balance. The term Sizing Factor (SF) is introduced to perform the grade of over sizing of the actuator due to the loss occurred in the system. The second step provides the information about energy consumption. The last step enables the information about life cycle costs of the system and gains the data about amortization time based on Life Cycle Costs (LCC). In the current study all steps of Exonomy analysis has been applied to the vertical as well as to the horizontal pneumatic drives. This study has identified SF for various loading mass and velocities, typical for handling machines. The simulation models were validated with the help of the measurement results. Summarizing, a new formula is proposed to choose the design parameters of the drive. And finally, the quid-line is presented to choose the most cost-effective drive solution.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Influence of the Type of Belt on the Energy Consumption of Transport Processes in a Belt Conveyor

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6180
Author(s):  
Mirosław Bajda ◽  
Monika Hardygóra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance ◽  
Main Component

Results of tests into the energy-efficiency of belt conveyor transportation systems indicate that the energy consumption of their drive mechanisms can be limited by lowering the main resistances in the conveyor. The main component of these resistances is represented by belt indentation rolling resistance. Limiting its value will allow a reduction in the amount of energy consumed by the drive mechanisms. This article presents a test rig which enables uncomplicated evaluations of such rolling resistances. It also presents the results of comparative tests performed for five steel-cord conveyor belts. The tests involved a standard belt, a refurbished belt and three energy-saving belts. As temperature significantly influences the values of belt indentation rolling resistance, the tests were performed in both positive and negative temperatures. The results indicate that when compared with the standard belt, the refurbished and the energy-efficient belts generate higher and lower indentation rolling resistances, respectively. In order to demonstrate practical advantages resulting from the use of energy-saving belts, this article also includes calculations of the power demand of a conveyor drive mechanism during one calendar year, as measured on a belt conveyor operated in a mine. The replacement of a standard belt with a refurbished belt generates a power demand higher by 4.8%, and with an energy-efficient belt—lower by 15.3%.

Steel—a Metal and a Material

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
C E H Morris
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Offshore Installations ◽  
Education Training ◽  
Selection Of

This lecture, given by the President of the Institute of Metals, reviews some of the changes that have occurred in steelmaking during the past 50 years, and illustrates how steel has become an important part of the developing world of materials. It describes how selection of high-quality raw materials and changes in methods and scale of production have resulted in improved output, reduced energy consumption, and materials suitable for present-day applications such as offshore installations. It discusses the importance of materials for all engineers and related disciplines, and then outlines how the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and the Institute of Metals might together influence education, training and qualifications in complementary areas.

scholarly journals Parametric Optimization of Belt Conveyors by Energy Efficiency Criterion

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
O. S Kuropiatnyk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Belt Conveyors ◽  
Belt Width

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the optimal values of the belt conveyor parameters, at which the specific energy consumption for the cargo transportation takes on the lowest value. Methodology. The substantiation of the optimal values of the belt conveyor parameters was carried out by minimizing the function of specific energy consumption, which represents the energy consumption for the transportation of a cargo weighing 1 kg at a distance of 1 m. In the course of research, the drive force was determined using the contour bypass meth-od. In this case, the specific loads from the transported cargo, belt and roller supports were presented as functions of the belt width. To establish the optimal values of the conveyor productivity and belt speed, the belt width was presented as a function of these values, taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of the transported cargo, the design features of the roller supports and the belt angle. Findings. I obtained the dependences of specific energy consumption on the design parameters of the conveyor. Their analysis made it possible to identify the opti-mal values of the belt width, conveyor productivity, belt speed, and the optimal ratio of the last two values for dif-ferent types of transported cargo. It is noted that the results obtained can be supplemented by carrying out calcula-tions according to the formula given in this work. It has been established that the optimal value of the belt width depends only on the belt angle and on the coefficients that determine the energy losses, in particular the movement resistance coefficient of the belt; the influence of the specified coefficient increases with an increase in the belt angle. In addition, the optimal value of the belt width does not depend on the conveyor length, its productivity and belt speed. Originality. The dependences of the specific energy consumption on the design parameters of the belt conveyor were obtained, which made it possible to establish the optimal values of the belt width and the ratio of the conveyor productivity to the belt speed. Practical value. The results of this work can be used in the design of energy-efficient belt conveyors, which are characterized by the lowest specific energy consumption for cargo transportation.

Effiecency criterion for selection of design parameters of aerospace system

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2(99)) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
D.S. Kalynychenko ◽  
◽  
Ye.Yu. Baranov ◽  
M.V. Poluian ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

BÖHLER W403 VMR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Diffusion Annealing ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) W403 VMR is a tool steel with outstanding properties, based not only on a modified chemical composition, but on the selection of highly clean raw materials for melting, remelting under vacuum (VMF), optimized diffusion annealing, and a special heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-721. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH.

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