scholarly journals Delineating an Integrated Ecological and Cultural Corridor Network: A Case Study in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Yanyan Li ◽  
Xinhao Wang ◽  
Xiaofeng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
City Development ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Ecological Corridors ◽  
Resistance Surface ◽  
Cultural Assets ◽  
Corridor Network ◽  
Beijing China

This study shows that an integrated ecological and cultural corridor network can help guide city development strategies to better preserve ecological and cultural assets. Traditionally, protection zones and suitable development areas are often identified by separately considering natural elements of the ecosystem and elements of cultural significance. To achieve the purpose of cohesively protecting areas of ecological and/or cultural significance, we have developed a corridor-based spatial framework by integrating ecological and cultural assets. Ecological sources are identified by combining protection prioritization, nature reserves, and water bodies. Ecological corridors are delineated by using the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model on a resistance surface constructed from land-use data to connect ecological sources. Ecologically important areas are then delineated by creating a 5-km buffer zone from ecological sources and ecological corridors. Cultural corridors are historical routes and rivers surrounded by abundant cultural nodes. Like ecologically important areas, culturally important areas are delineated by creating a 5-km buffer zone from cultural corridors. Comprehensive regions are the overlap of ecologically and culturally important areas. Finally, the integrated network connects all comprehensive regions following ecological corridors and cultural corridors in such a way that the largest number of ecological sources and cultural nodes are reached. We applied this framework in Beijing, China, and the results show that there are 2011 km2 of ecological sources, 30 ecological corridors, 423 cultural nodes, seven cultural corridors, and 10 comprehensive regions covering 2916 km2 in the integrated network. The framework adds new insights to the methodology of considering ecological and cultural assets together in developing protection and development strategies.

scholarly journals Changes of Spatial Characteristics: Socio-Cultural Sustainability in Historical Neighborhood in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6212
Author(s):  
Huiming Liu ◽  
Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
City Development ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Continuity ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
The City ◽  
Beijing China

This paper uses a typological approach as a tool to establish an analytical framework from a physical perspective to understand ‘place‘ and to identify key spatial characteristics that could adapt to local needs to deliver socio-cultural sustainability. Six representative housing types with their spaces and uses that were introduced in a historic neighborhood in Beijing, China are selected as case studies. Their morphological characteristics at the building, open space and neighborhood scales are examined, and typological transformations among the cases in terms of the degree of spatial continuity are identified. The paper proposes an analytical framework consisting of fifteen indicators to assess socio-cultural sustainability at the different morphological scales (building, open space and block/neighborhood) of the residents of the six cases. The score of changes from its original design is brought into calculations of continuities of spatial characteristics, which present the transitions and transformations of morphological characteristics in relation to adaptation of local needs and uses. The analysis results show that the spatial characteristics were changed when political-socioeconomic ideologies changed, and local needs and uses were transformed to follow these mutations, and finally, the methods of use in different morphological scales mostly differed from historical norms. Although the continuities of spatial characteristics were significantly changed, they are positively and continually accommodating the transformations and transitions of local needs and uses. On the other hand, the invariant spatial characteristics are important, which last despite transformation of the city development and changing of political-social-economic ideologies, and could be maintained for future development to enhance sociocultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Recording and Evaluating the Tangible and Intangible Cultural Assets of a Place through a Multicriteria Decision-Making System

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1483-1495
Author(s):  
Eleni Linaki ◽  
Konstantinos Serraos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Intangible Asset ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Multicriteria Decision ◽  
Cultural Assets ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
State Actor

The starting point of this paper is the fact that multicriteria decision-making systems have not had the greatest impact on cultural studies, and few researchers have addressed this problem. The paper focuses on the analysis of the main object of an ongoing Doctoral thesis. More specifically, it examines the proposal of a new multicriteria evaluation based on a decision-making method. The paper intends to relate culture with multicriteria decision-making methods. This systematic review provides the direct analysis and assessment of the existing bibliographic references, and addresses a gap of knowledge in the intangible research field, identifying trends in the broader cultural heritage sector. The two basic principles of the paper are the recording and the evaluation of the cultural significance of the intangible and tangible heritage assets of a place. More specifically, the paper seeks to address a new scientific tool that initially records and—in the process—evaluates, using quantitative and qualitative criteria, specific cultural assets. Moreover, the paper outlines a new approach to the calibration—from optimal to worse—of the heritage of a place according to its significance. The purpose of the record and the evaluation is to create a ranking list of the most culturally significant tangible and intangible asset of places, in order to manage them. The design of the multicriteria method is based on a system that can be constantly updated diachronically, and can be fulfilled with new cultural assets and then re-evaluated. The explanation of the system is given through a step-by-step guide to the data analysis process, ensuring that the system has elements that are easy to access, to understand, and to use by each state actor (institution, individual, company, etc.).

scholarly journals CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES (CDS) CONTRIBUTION TOWARD SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mostafa Rasoolimanesh ◽  
Nurwati Badarulzaman ◽  
Mastura Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels

Today one of the important concerns of cities is growth by sustainable development. However sustainable urban development has been used in various forms and explained by various definitions, this subject is accompanied by uncertainty. New approaches in urban planning have attempted to achieve sustainable development. One of these is City Development Strategies (CDS), a new strategic planning approach that has been employed in more than 200 cities worldwide to achieve sustainable growth. However, CDS achieve different levels of success in sustainability. This paper takes the initiative to investigate the contribution of CDS toward sustainable urban development by looking for inclusion of principle of sustainable urban development in CDS themes. However CDS themes are various such as sustainable urban development definitions, therefore this inclusion is different. This paper highlights this relationship and inclusion for one the latest definition of CDS presented by Cities Alliance in 2006. This definition can succeed to achieve sustainability on some aspects, especially environmental and economic sustainability and fail to achieve some ones. This output is discussed in relation to CDS themes that have been applied in developing countries.

scholarly journals Association between Neighborhood Food Environment and Body Mass Index among Older Adults in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7658
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Wen Guo ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Neighborhood Food Environment ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
Beijing China

Objective: To investigate the association between the neighborhood food environment and body mass index (BMI) among Chinese older adults. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to recruit participants from 12 communities in Beijing, China, in 2019. Participants (n = 1764, 1034 women) in this study were older adults aged 65 to 80. We collected the participants’ basic information, measured their height and weight, and calculated their BMI. Neighborhood food environments were measured by the density of and proximity to different food outlets using the Baidu Map Application Programming Interface. Adjusted multiple linear regression was performed to estimate the association between the food environment and BMI. Results: Participants had a mean age of 69.7 ± 4.32 years old and an average BMI of 26.3 ± 3.50 kg/m2. Among the three types of stores, convenience stores had the easiest access, followed by greengrocers and supermarkets. Sit-down restaurants had the best access among different restaurants, followed by Chinese fast-food restaurants, and western fast-food restaurants had the worst access. Easier access to greengrocers (β = 0.281, p < 0.001) and sit-down restaurants (β = 0.304, p < 0.001) was associated with higher BMI in the 250 m buffer zone. More supermarkets were associated with higher BMI in the 500 m buffer zone (β = 0.593, p < 0.001). Access to convenience stores was positively associated with BMI in the 800 m buffer zone (β = 0.057, p < 0.001). Better access to Chinese fast-food restaurants was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.071, p = 0.001), and better access to western fast- food restaurants was associated with lower BMI (β = −0.400, p < 0.001) in the 1000 m buffer zone. There was a negative association between the nearest distance to greengrocers and BMI (β = −0.004, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although we found some significant associations between the neighborhood food environment and obesity, the current results are not strong enough to draw specific conclusions. Policymakers will need to rely on more evidence to derive concrete policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Urban Ecological Corridor Network Construction: An Integration of the Least Cost Path Model and the InVEST Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Tang ◽  
Chi Gao ◽  
Xuefei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Least Cost Path ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Invest Model ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Corridor Network

Under the background of urban expansion, ecological protection cannot be delayed. The construction of ecological networks is of considerable significance to ecosystem services. However, in the process of constructing a corridor network, there is no uniform standard for the selection of ecological sources and the determination of cost factors. The InVEST model is an effective complement to ecosystem service assessment for sensitively measuring external threats and their threat intensity. Therefore, taking Wuhan as an example, we combined InVEST and the least cost path model (LCP) to construct a multi-target corridor network with comprehensive cost factors for birds and small terrestrial mammals. The results showed that: (1) The InVEST model provided a reliable basis for ecological source screening by demonstrating the distribution of habitat quality. (2) The corridor with a length of 12–25 km presented a “U” shape, and the impact of urbanization on small terrestrial mammals was more significant than that of birds. (3) The integrated network pattern proposed by the “point-line-plane” principle would provide a reference for urban ecological construction and sustainable development.

The Conflict and Development between Resource, Environment and Tourism: A Case of the Ruins of Koguryo as the World Cultural Heritage Site in Ji'an, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2452-2459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Ling Chen ◽  
Jian Hua Sun ◽  
Ke Qin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
City Image ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Scenic Spot ◽  
World Cultural Heritage ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City

The fairly-well preserved ruins of the royal cities of the ancient kingdom of Koguryo, together with imperial tombs and nobles’ tombs all bear witnesses testifying the existence of a lost civilization. Archaeological findings include the remains of three cities used as capitals where 14 mausoleums of kings of different dynasties and 26 tombs of the royal family members stand to this day. With the exception of the Wunu Mountain city lying outside Ji'an in nearby Huanren County, the other two cities, Wandu mountain city and Guonei city, together with all the mausoleums and tombs are all located within Ji'an City, Jilin Province. The present paper attempts to carry on a comprehensive yet profound analysis on the development strategies as an overall tourism program in order to display the great advantages and potentials to turn the site into a tourist attraction while attaching great importance to a detailed analysis of the disadvantages including a warning of treat facing the historical relics worthy of the name of a world cultural heritage site. Development strategies are put forth as to the steps in the orientation for the establishment of Koguryo as a great scenic spot with historic and cultural significance. Promotional programs are also offered which include improvement on the city image of the whole area of Ji'an, together with the uplifting of its urban infrastructure especially its traffic amenities, namely, a whole road network leading in all directions. Suggestions are also put forward to set up a whole chain of tourist products linking with the construction of the cultural relics as well as cooperation programs for regional development.

scholarly journals Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern Based on Spatial Syntax Classification—Taking Ningbo, China, as an Example

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Yu Han ◽  
Chaoyue Yu ◽  
Zhe Feng ◽  
Hanchu Du ◽  
Caisi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Security Patterns ◽  
Ecological Corridors ◽  
Resistance Surface ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Security Pattern

Urbanization is the development trend of all countries in the world, but it has caused considerable ecological problems that need to be alleviated by building ecological security patterns. This study took Ningbo as an example to construct and optimize an ecological security pattern. We analyzed land use types, normalized difference vegetation index, and landscape connectivity for ecological sources selection. In constructing the resistance surface, we considered natural and socio-economic factors. On this basis, we identified ecological corridors based on a minimum cumulative resistance model. Finally, the ecological security pattern was optimized through space syntax. Results showed that Ningbo has 18 ecological sources, with an area of 3051.27 km2 and 29 ecological corridors, with a length of 1172.18 km. Among them, 11 are first-level, 10 are second-level, and 8 are third-level corridors. After optimization, the area and protection cost of the ecological security pattern were significantly reduced, which can effectively alleviate the trade-off between ecological protection and economic development. This research can provide a reference for the construction and optimization of ecological security patterns and has reference significance for ecological protection in rapidly urbanized areas.

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