scholarly journals Research on Speeds at Roundabouts for the Needs of Sustainable Traffic Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Slavko Davidović ◽  
Vuk Bogdanović ◽  
Nemanja Garunović ◽  
Zoran Papić ◽  
Dragan Pamučar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Geometrical Characteristics ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Sustainable Implementation ◽  
Banja Luka

Knowledge of the characteristics of speed at roundabouts is very important in design procedures, simulation models, and determining the influence of these roundabouts on traffic conditions in a street network. Sustainable management in the street network means the influence of all its parts on traffic conditions and travel time. In order to reliably determine roundabouts parameters in the procedures of planning and the choice of sustainable method of traffic management, it is very important to know the values of the traffic flow parameters, particularly the speeds at the entry and exit leg, as well as in the circulatory zone. This article analyses the speed characteristics in traffic flow at urban roundabouts with different geometrical characteristics in the city of Banja Luka. The applied method for traffic data collecting in this research was the method of video recording processing, which excludes any influence on driver behavior. Furthermore, statistical analysis was conducted, which established the correlation between the achieved speeds and geometrical characteristics of the intersection. Due to roundabout characteristics, the research was focused on the access, that is, the entry leg, the segment of the circulatory zone and the exit leg. The research results showed there is a significant dependence between geometrical characteristics of certain elements of the roundabout on speeds. In the further course of the research, it was proved that the variation of speeds at the segments of roundabouts significantly affects the size of time losses and emission of pollutants, i.e., parameters based on which it is possible to objectively assess the possibility of sustainable implementation of the planned solution of roundabouts of similar geometry within the street network in cities similar to Banja Luka.

Variability of traffic-flow measures across freeway lanes

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Carter ◽  
Hesham Rakha ◽  
Michel Van Aerde
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
System Control ◽  
Incident Detection ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Traffic Management System

On most freeways, a number of factors interact to produce lane-to-lane variations in speed and volume which are both site and volume dependent. The following paper explores and statistically verifies these variations using detector data and a combination of complementary techniques based on data collected for 30 days at 27 detector stations in May 1994 along the Queen Elizabeth Way freeway near Toronto, Ontario. The analysis indicates that considerable volume dependencies exist at each site, and that these dependencies are site specific. In addition to their independent variations, speed and flow are also shown to interact differently across different lanes and result in different underlying speed-flow relationships. The findings are intended to be relevant to the calibration of microscopic traffic simulation models and automatic incident detection algorithms. As such, the paper does not attempt to specifically identify the underlying causes for the variations, but rather attempts to recognize the aggregated effects of these causes in a fashion that would be useful to real-time freeway traffic management system control strategies relying solely on loop detector inputs.Key words: traffic-flow theory, traffic modeling, traffic simulation, incident-detection algorithms.

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of Traffic Bottleneck at Beijing Expressways

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Jin ◽  
Dianhai Wang ◽  
Dongfang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Data Gap ◽  
Ramp Control

The expressways in Beijing are confronted with more serious traffic congestions. Based on the survey data obtained from the typical sections at the expressways, the time dependent characteristics of traffic flow parameters were analyzed in detail and the data gap was found in this paper. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method is proposed to transfer the data of traffic flow parameters for describing the fluctuation characteristics of traffic flow. Two methods of identification, the graph method and the control line method, were proposed as to the change time of traffic bottleneck forming and dissipating. The findings in this paper have already been applied in traffic management and ramp control at the expressways in Beijing.

scholarly journals Capacity Estimation of Multilane Highways under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions using Micro-Simulation Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Tanumoy Ghosh ◽  
Sudip Kumar Roy ◽  
Subhamay Gangopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Micro Simulation ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics

The behavior of a driver of any vehicle is important in estimating heterogeneous traffic conditions with no strict lane discipline. In the present study, a micro-simulation model is used to analyze the mixed traffic condition with different drivers’ behavior parameters. The field data collected on traffic flow characteristics of multilane highways are used in the calibration and validation of the simulation model. Out of the ten coefficient of correlation (CC) parameters in the simulation model, five are used in the present study to make a model of simulation for heterogeneous traffic; the other five parameters are not considered for testing their influence on simulated capacity values as they represent very typical behavior of a driver, either in car-following, or in free-flow conditions. Two separate simulation models are made by changing the CC (CC0, CC1, CC2, CC7, and CC8) parameters, each for a four-lane divided and a six-lane divided highway as the geometric conditions of the roads and the traffic flow is different for both the cases. These models are then applied on two other sections of a four-lane divided and a six-lane divided highway to validate the parameters of the model developed earlier for other sections.

scholarly journals The Model of the Optimal Number of Public Transport Vehicles in Mixed Traffic Flow Conditions: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Milja M. Simeunović ◽  
Vuk Z. Bogdanović ◽  
Milan M. Simeunović ◽  
Pavle M. Pitka ◽  
Zoran M. Papić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Mixed Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Parameters

Bus passenger transport is very important for sustainable urban mobility, and due to the characteristics of the street network, it is usually realized in the conditions of mixed traffic flow. Disturbances and sudden changes of traffic flow parameters occurring in the street network in a mixed traffic flow affect the disruptions in schedule and travel time of all vehicles in the traffic flow, including public transport (PT) vehicles. In order to keep to the planned schedule in the peak hours of PT lines carried out in the conditions of mixed traffic flow, the operators introduce new vehicles or reduce the vehicles’ dwell time at terminuses, which is often impossible to do. The use of a larger number of public transport vehicles increases the fuel consumption, pollutants’ emission, and the operating costs. In this paper, a network optimization model was developed for defining the influence of the change of traffic flow parameters in a mixed traffic flow on travel time of PT vehicles. The model takes into consideration uncertain time unevenness of the change of traffic flow parameters, which enables determining the optimization of travel time and defining the necessary number of public transport vehicles for the purpose of keeping to the planned schedule. In order to develop the transport model, counting and analysis of the characteristics of traffic flow at 61 intersections on the city territory were carried out. The model was tested on bus line number 4 of PT in Novi Sad. The model showed that it is possible to achieve certain savings regarding the number of vehicles with the unchanged headway, that is, the unchanged level of service which is offered to the users. With the application of the model in real traffic conditions, significant savings, as well as operating and external costs’ reduction, can be achieved, which contributes to the sustainability of public bus transport in urban environments.

New Procedure for Detector Data Screening in Traffic Management Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 1727 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod E. Turochy ◽  
Brian L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Flow Theory ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Traffic Flow Theory ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Screening

Automated monitoring of traffic conditions in traffic management systems is of increasing importance as the sizes and complexities of these systems expand. Accurate monitoring of traffic conditions is dependent on accurate input data, yet techniques that can be used to screen data and remove erroneous records are not used in many traffic management systems. Procedures that can be used to perform quality checks on the data before their use in traffic management applications play a critical role in ensuring the proper functioning of condition-monitoring methods such as incident detection algorithms. Tests that screen traffic data can be divided into two categories: threshold value tests and tests that apply basic traffic flow theory principles. Tests that use traffic flow theory use the inherent relationships among speed, volume, and occupancy to assess data validity. In particular, a test that derives the average effective vehicle length from the observed traffic variables detects a wide range of erroneous data. A new data-screening procedure combines both threshold value tests and traffic flow theory–based tests and can serve as a valuable tool in traffic management applications.

Intelligent Traffic Flow Parameters Acquisition System Base on GPS

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1829-1834
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
San Cai Li ◽  
Zhao Hui Yang ◽  
Wu Gang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Error Recovery ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Vehicle Positioning

In order to get the accurate traffic flow parameters, it often takes too long time and a lot of manpower and material resources. So, combined with GPS vehicle positioning system and the characteristics of traffic flow parameters, the transformation model of traffic parameters in intelligent acquisition system of traffic flow parameters is designed and the data processing and error recovery method are present. The results show that the system, integrated fully the advantage of GPS, can transform GPS coordinates into the features of traffic flow parameters directly, which has an intuitive guide to the traffic management department.

Analysis and Comparison of Microscopic Traffic Flow Models with Real Traffic Microscopic Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 1934 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Punzo ◽  
Fulvio Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Microscopic Traffic Simulation ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Measure Model ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
Real Traffic ◽  
Better Than

The evermore widespread use of microscopic traffic simulation in the analysis of road systems has refocused attention on submodels, including car-following models. The difficulties of microscopic-level simulation models in the accurate reproduction of real traffic phenomena stem not only from the complexity of calibration and validation operations but also from the structural inadequacies of the submodels themselves. Both of these drawbacks originate from the scant information available on real phenomena because of the difficulty with the gathering of accurate field data. In this study, the use of kinematic differential Global Positioning System instruments allowed the trajectories of four vehicles in a platoon to be accurately monitored under real traffic conditions on both urban and extraurban roads. Some of these data were used to analyze the behaviors of four microscopic traffic flow models that differed greatly in both approach and complexity. The effect of the choice of performance measures on the model calibration results was first investigated, and intervehicle spacing was shown to be the most reliable measure. Model calibrations showed results similar to those obtained in other studies that used test track data. Instead, validations resulted in higher deviations compared with those from previous studies (with peaks in cross validations between urban and extraurban experiments). This confirms the need for real traffic data. On comparison of the models, all models showed similar performances (i.e., similar deviations in validation). Surprisingly, however, the simplest model performed on average better than the others, but the most complex one was the most robust, never reaching particularly high deviations.

scholarly journals Characteristics of traffic flows at roundabouts in the city of Banja Luka before and during COVID-19 crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Nemanja Garunovic ◽  
Vuk Bogdanović ◽  
Slavko Davidović ◽  
Valentina Mirović ◽  
Jelena Mitrović Simić
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The City

COVID-19 pandemic caused many restrictive measures. Most of these measures were in the relationship with the restrictions of mobility which caused some differences in traffic flow demands. In this paper the comparative analysis of traffic flow characteristics at roundabouts in the City of Banja Luka was conducted. The analysis included two different states of traffic condition: the first one, normal condition before COVID-19 crisis, and the second one, during the state of emergency caused by the pandemic. The analysis shows the difference between some of motorized vehicle and pedestrian traffic flow parameters.

scholarly journals Research of time headways at roundabout approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Dunja Radović ◽  
Vuk Bogdanović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Capacity Calculation ◽  
The Impact

It is known that traffic flow characteristics have significant influence at the capacity of all functional segments of the road and street network. One of the most important traffic flow parameters which affect the capacity of roundabouts is follow-up headway at minor approaches of roundabouts. This traffic flow parameter, like the most others, depends on driver behaviour, i.e. local traffic conditions. This paper presents the research results related to follow-up headway at three roundabouts obtained by the photographic method. This data collection method is chosen because its application completely eliminates the impact of research at behaviour of traffic participants. After the research, a representative sample is formed and its processing and analysis led to conclusions about the value of follow-up headway at roundabouts which can be applied in standard procedures for capacity calculation at roundabouts in midsize cities of our region.

scholarly journals Application of Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram under Flooding Situation to Traffic Management Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11227
Author(s):  
Piyapong Suwanno ◽  
Rattanaporn Kasemsri ◽  
Kaifeng Duan ◽  
Atsushi Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram

Bangkok, Thailand is prone to flooding after heavy rain. Many road sections become impassable, causing severe traffic congestion and greatly impacting activities. Optimal vehicle management requires the knowledge of flooding impact on road traffic conditions in specific areas. A method is proposed to quantify urban flood situations by expressing traffic conditions in specific ranges using the concept of macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). MFD-based judgement allows for a road manager to understand the current traffic situation and take appropriate traffic control measures. MFD analysis identified traffic flow–density and density–velocity relationships by using the shape of the estimated MFD travel time-series plots. Then, results were applied to develop a traffic model with vehicle-flow parameters as a measuring method for road-network performance. The developed model improved road-network traffic-flow performance under different flood conditions. A method is also presented for traffic management evaluation on the assumption that flooding occurs.

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