scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis of Mixing Gray and Green Infrastructures to Adapt to Sea Level Rise in the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10356
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Oanh ◽  
Makoto Tamura ◽  
Naoko Kumano ◽  
Quang Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Well Being ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Mekong River Delta

This study evaluated inundation impacts and the economic damage resulting from sea level rise (SLR) in the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta (VMRD), and identified the effectiveness of mixing gray and green infrastructures using cost-benefit analysis. The results showed that the VMRD could potentially be heavily affected by SLR. Without the implementation of proper adaptations, more than 90% of this area could be below sea level and nearly 20 million people could be affected by inundation by the end of the 21st century. The total economic damage could reach more than 22,000 billion US$ (2010 real value) by 2100 with no discount rate. These threats may increase the pressure on the region to ensure well-being, equity, and progress towards achieving sustainable development goals. However, achieving these goals will require the implementation of adaptations for upgrading and restoring in the region. This study assessed the effectiveness of adaptations and demonstrated that mixing gray and green infrastructures could benefit coastal inhabitants at a cost of 12 to 19 billion US$.

scholarly journals Salt-tolerant rice variety adoption in the Mekong River Delta: Farmer adaptation to sea-level rise

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0229464 ◽  
Author(s):  
SongYi Paik ◽  
Dung Thi Phuong Le ◽  
Lien Thi Nhu ◽  
Bradford Franklin Mills
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Mekong River Delta

Mid-Holocene mangrove succession and its response to sea-level change in the upper Mekong River delta, Cambodia

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Yoshiki Saito ◽  
Limi Mao ◽  
Toru Tamura ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Mekong River Delta ◽  
Core Site

AbstractMiddle Holocene vegetation and mangrove successions are clearly evident in the palynological records of two cores from the upper Mekong River delta in Cambodia. Spanning from ~ 9.4 to 6.3 cal ka BP, the cores mainly record a transgressive sequence from floodplain freshwater marsh to tidal flat, which was overlain by mangrove. Corresponding to the decelerated sea-level rise at ~ 8.3 cal ka BP, pioneer mangrove species Sonneratia alba and Sonneratia caseolaris appeared in the sediments, and then was replaced by regressive mangrove succession containing upward-increasing abundances of Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera spp. High salinity- and flooding-tolerant community S. alba was developed at the western core site PSG at ~ 8.2 cal ka BP, and the eastern core site PK at ~ 7.5 cal ka BP. The time difference of S. alba appearance between the two sites might be resulted from the complexity of sedimentary environment, where a higher sediment supply was provided to the western floodplain than to the eastern floodplain. After 7.5 cal ka BP, aggradational stacking of intertidal sediments, of which the thickness is larger than the present maximum tidal range, may have resulted from continuous sea-level rise during 7.5–7.0 cal ka BP.

scholarly journals Cost-benefit analysis of coastal flood defence measures in the North Adriatic Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Amadio ◽  
Arthur H. Essenfelder ◽  
Stefano Bagli ◽  
Sepehr Marzi ◽  
Paolo Mazzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
The North ◽  
North Adriatic Sea

Abstract. The combined effect of global sea level rise and local subsidence phenomena poses a major threat to coastal settlements. Flooding events are expected to grow in frequency and magnitude, increasing the potential economic losses and costs of adaptation. In Italy, a large share of the population and economic activities are located along the coast of the peninsula, although risk of inundation is not uniformly distributed. The low-lying coastal plain of Northeast Italy is the most sensitive to relative sea level changes. Over the last half a century, the entire north-eastern Italian coast has experienced a significant rise in relative sea level, the main component of which was land subsidence. In the forthcoming decades, sea level rise is expected to become the first driver of coastal inundation hazard. We propose an assessment of flood hazard and risk linked with extreme sea level scenarios, both under historical conditions and sea level rise projections at 2050 and 2100. We run a hydrodynamic inundation model on two pilot sites located in the North Adriatic Sea along the Emilia-Romagna coast: Rimini and Cesenatico. Here, we compare alternative risk scenarios accounting for the effect of planned and hypothetical seaside renovation projects against the historical baseline. We apply a flood damage model developed for Italy to estimate the potential economic damage linked to flood scenarios and we calculate the change in expected annual damage according to changes in the relative sea level. Finally, damage reduction benefits are evaluated by means of cost-benefit analysis. Results suggest an overall profitability of the investigated projects over time, with increasing benefits due to increased probability of intense flooding in the next future.

Age 21 Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Title I Chicago Child-Parent Centers

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Reynolds ◽  
Judy A. Temple ◽  
Dylan L. Robertson ◽  
Emily A. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Title I ◽  
Remedial Education ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
School Age ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Benefit Analysis

We conducted the first cost-benefit analysis of a federally financed, comprehensive early childhood program. The Title I Chicago Child-Parent Centers are located in public schools and provide educational and family support services to low-income children from ages 3 to 9. Using data from a cohort of 1,539 program and comparison-group children born in 1980 who participate in the Chicago Longitudinal Study, measures of program participation were significantly associated with greater school achievement, higher rates of high school completion, and with significantly lower rates of remedial education services, juvenile delinquency, and child maltreatment. Economic analyses indicated that the measured and projected economic benefits of preschool participation, school-age participation, and extended program participation exceeded costs. In present-value 1998 dollars, the preschool program provided a return to society of $7.14 per dollar invested by increasing economic well-being and tax revenues, and by reducing public expenditures for remedial education, criminal justice treatment, and crime victims. The extended intervention program (4 to 6 years of participation) provided a return to society of $6.11 per dollar invested while the school-age program yielded a return of $1.66 per dollar invested. Findings demonstrate that an established public program can provide benefits that far exceed costs. Key elements of CPC program effectiveness include an instructional focus on literacy, opportunities for intensive parent involvement, and implementation by well-trained staff within a single administrative system.

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