scholarly journals Development of a Building Occupant Survey System with 3D Spatial Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9943
Author(s):  
Jong-Won Lee ◽  
Deuk-Woo Kim ◽  
Seung-Eon Lee ◽  
Jae-Weon Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Survey System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Survey Responses

This paper summarizes the recent post-occupancy evaluation (POE) method studies and latest literature reviews. According to the research trends, data visualization of an occupant’s feedback is an important perspective and surveys through POE methods have provided a quick and cost-effective approach for gathering and analyzing an occupant’s feedback. Therefore, the objective of this study is to establish a web-based building occupant survey system that incorporates new approaches based on a geographic information system (GIS) tool and open-source spatial information. This paper reports the following to provide the detailed system framework: (1) development requirements from literature reviews; (2) integration of collected data and 3D (three dimensional) spatial information; (3) system processes and user-friendly functions; and (4) pilot test and data visualization. The difference between the proposed platform and existing online survey systems is that in the former the survey responses are linked to the 3D spatial information of the buildings on a map. Thus, the results provide more intuitive insights for building managers and occupants to identify specific performance issues related to the building.

scholarly journals 3D DIGITIZING TECHNOLOGY IN PRODUCT REVERSE DESIGN

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingjin Peng ◽  
Hector Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
3D Shape ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
And Performance

The reverse design develops new products based on the improvement of existing products. The shape recovery of three-dimensional (3D) objects is the basis of the product reverse design. 3D digitization technology is an important tool for the 3D shape recovery. This paper analyses the current 3D data acquisition technology. The accuracy and performance of the 3D laser scanner is evaluated. A cost-effective approach is proposed to recover 3D shape of objects using a structured-light technique. Details of the proposed method are described. Application examples are presented. The accuracy is evaluated using a coordinate measuring machine.

Using Online Survey Software to Enhance Rigor and Efficiency of Knowledge Synthesis Reviews

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 838-845
Author(s):  
Karen Dunn Lopez ◽  
Sheila M. Gephart ◽  
Patricia E. Hershberger
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Knowledge Synthesis ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Survey Responses

With the explosion of scientific literature, information technologies, and the rise of evidence-based health care, methodologies for literature reviews continue to advance. Yet there remains a lack of clarity about techniques to rigorously and efficiently extract and synthesize data from primary sources. We developed a new method for data extraction and synthesis for completing rigorous, knowledge synthesis using freely available online survey software that results in a review-specific, online data extraction, and synthesis tool. The purpose of this paper is to delineate this method using our published integrative review as an exemplar. Although the purpose of online survey software is to obtain and analyze survey responses, these software programs allows for the efficient extraction and synthesize of disparate study features from primary sources. Importantly, use of the method has the potential to increase the rigor and efficiency of published reviews bringing the promise of advancing multiple areas of health science.

Three‐dimensional seismic exploration—A cost‐effective approach

Geophysics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-823
Author(s):  
F. M. Peterson ◽  
W. C. Reynish
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seismic Exploration ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Data Field

Three‐dimensional (3-D) seismic prospecting is generally perceived as a very expensive tool that is not suitable for use by other than major oil companies or for the solution of conventional exploration geophysics problems. We illustrate how 3-D techniques were used to provide a very cost‐effective solution to a specific exploration project. A basic geologic and historical seismic outline establishes the economic and environmental framework for the survey. Drilling results and comparisons with conventional data illustrate the effectiveness of the 3-D approach. This survey was carried out during February of 1982 in the Black Creek basin of northwestern Alberta. Prolific and abundant Devonian Keg River pinnacle reefs with reserves in the 0.2 to 100 million barrel recoverable categories provide the exploration target. A prospective area of approximately [Formula: see text] was covered with a 165 ft subsurface grid of 1200 percent CDP data. Field data were acquired with a conventional 96-trace dynamite crew using a rolling, crossed‐array technique. Data processing was carried out with a flexible, conventional seismic processing package, including wavelet deconvolution, surface‐consistent statics, 3-D migration, and geologic slice displays. Total cost of the survey was $50,000 Canadian per sq mi. This paper demonstrates the interpretive power of 3-D surveys.

scholarly journals Transparency is in the eye of the beholder: the effects of identity and negative perceptions on ratings of transparency via surveys

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
Heungsik Park ◽  
John Blenkinsopp
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Survey Responses

Surveys are a commonly used means of measuring transparency levels, but they are potentially vulnerable to perceptual biases. This study sought to examine perceptual differences by the respondents’ identities as general citizens or public employees, and the possible negative perceptions that one group may have of the other concerning responses to a survey-based measure of transparency. The survey was designed on the basis of existing literature, suggesting that transparency has up to six facets. Two samples were taken: from citizens who visited district offices to file civil applications during the survey period; and from public employees involved in processing these applications. A total of 472 surveys were used for analysis: 233 citizens and 239 public employees. The results indicated that the two groups had different understandings of transparency. Data from public employees produced a three-factor solution, which was labeled as Efficiency, Reliability, and Access. For citizens, a two-factor solution was a better fit, with the factors being described as Accessibility (a wider notion than Access) and Utility. The findings suggest that public employees adopt a somewhat technical view of transparency, whereas citizens have more practical concerns about it. Only citizens’ unfavorable perception of public employees had a negative influence on the level of transparency. This study contributes to the understanding of how public employees and citizens have qualitatively different perceptions of transparency. Points for practitioners To assess progress in governmental transparency, we must measure it, and surveys offer an accessible and potentially cost-effective approach. However, the survey responses of citizens and public employees show that they understand transparency in qualitatively different ways, with citizens’ perceptions of transparency also influenced by their perceptions of public employees. If governments are to increase public trust in policymaking and administration, they must focus on improving transparency as it is understood by the public rather than how it is understood by public servants.

Approaching the theoretical capacitance of graphene through copper foam integrated three-dimensional graphene networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 6324-6329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramendra Sundar Dey ◽  
Hans Aage Hjuler ◽  
Qijin Chi
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Copper Foam ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Reduced Graphene

A facile and cost-effective approach to fabricate all-in-one supercapacitor electrodes is achieved with copper foam integrated three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide networks. The resulting electrodes display high specific capacitance close to the theoretical value of graphene and good charging–discharging stability.

scholarly journals Simple Self-Assembly Strategy of Nanospheres on 3D Substrate and Its Application for Enhanced Textured Silicon Solar Cell

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Dan Su ◽  
Lei Lv ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Huan-Li Zhou ◽  
Sami Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Light Trapping ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Sio2 Coating ◽  
Assembly Strategy ◽  
Cost Effective Approach

Nanomaterials and nanostructures provide new opportunities to achieve high-performance optical and optoelectronic devices. Three-dimensional (3D) surfaces commonly exist in those devices (such as light-trapping structures or intrinsic grains), and here, we propose requests for nanoscale control over nanostructures on 3D substrates. In this paper, a simple self-assembly strategy of nanospheres for 3D substrates is demonstrated, featuring controllable density (from sparse to close-packed) and controllable layer (from a monolayer to multi-layers). Taking the assembly of wavelength-scale SiO2 nanospheres as an example, it has been found that textured 3D substrate promotes close-packed SiO2 spheres compared to the planar substrate. Distribution density and layers of SiO2 coating can be well controlled by tuning the assembly time and repeating the assembly process. With such a versatile strategy, the enhancement effects of SiO2 coating on textured silicon solar cells were systematically examined by varying assembly conditions. It was found that the close-packed SiO2 monolayer yielded a maximum relative efficiency enhancement of 9.35%. Combining simulation and macro/micro optical measurements, we attributed the enhancement to the nanosphere-induced concentration and anti-reflection of incident light. The proposed self-assembly strategy provides a facile and cost-effective approach for engineering nanomaterials at 3D interfaces.

scholarly journals Purification of native CCL7 and its functional interaction with selected chemokine receptors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina V. Goncharuk ◽  
Debarati Roy ◽  
Maxim A. Dubinnyi ◽  
Kirill D. Nadezhdin ◽  
Ashish Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Chemokine Signaling ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Human Disorders

AbstractChemokine receptors form a major sub-family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and they are involved in a number of cellular and physiological processes related to our immune response and regulation. A better structural understanding of ligand-binding, activation, signaling and regulation of chemokine receptors is very important to design potentially therapeutic interventions for human disorders arising from aberrant chemokine signaling. One of the key limitations in probing the structural details of chemokine receptors is the availability of large amounts of purified, homogenous and fully functional chemokine ligands, and the commercially available products, are not affordable for in-depth structural studies. Moreover, production of uniformly isotope-labeled chemokines, for example, suitable for NMR-based structural investigation, also remains challenging. Here, we have designed a streamlined approach to express and purify the human chemokine CCL7 as well as its 15N-, 15N/13C-, 2H/15N/13C-isotope-labeled derivatives, at milligram levels using E. coli expression system. Purified CCL7 not only maintains a well-folded three-dimensional structure as analyzed using circular dichroism and 1H/15N NMR but it also induces coupling of heterotrimeric G-proteins and β-arrestins for selected chemokine receptors in cellular system. Our strategy presented here may be applicable to other chemokines and therefore, provide a potentially generic and cost-effective approach to produce chemokines in large amounts for functional and structural studies.

Classification of challenges in 3D printing for combined electrochemical and microfluidic applications: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1328-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arivarasi A. ◽  
Anand Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Process Material

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe, review, classify and analyze the current challenges in three-dimensional printing processes for combined electrochemical and microfluidic fabrication areas, which include printing devices and sensors in specified areas. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the literature focusing on existing challenges is carried out. Focused toward sensors and devices in electrochemical and microfluidic areas, the challenges are oriented for a discussion exploring the suitability of printing varied geometries in an accurate manner. Classifications on challenges are based on four key categories such as process, material, size and application as the printer designs are mostly based on these parameters. Findings A key three-dimensional printing process methodologies have their unique advantages compared to conventional printing methods, still having the challenges to be addressed, in terms of parameters such as cost, performance, speed, quality, accuracy and resolution. Three-dimensional printing is yet to be applied for consumer usable products, which will boost the manufacturing sector. To be specific, the resolution of printing in desktop printers needs improvement. Printing scientific products are halted with prototyping stages. Challenges in three-dimensional printing sensors and devices have to be addressed by forming integrated processes. Research limitations/implications The research is underway to define an integrated process-based on three-dimensional Printing. The detailed technical details are not shared for scientific output. The literature is focused to define the challenges. Practical implications The research can provide ideas to business on innovative designs. Research studies have scope for improvement ideas. Social implications Review is focused on to have an integrated three-dimensional printer combining processes. This is a cost-oriented approach saving much of space reducing complexity. Originality/value To date, no other publication reviews the varied three-dimensional printing challenges by classifying according to process, material, size and application aspects. Study on resolution based data is performed and analyzed for improvements. Addressing the challenges will be the solution to identify an integrated process methodology with a cost-effective approach for printing macro/micro/nano objects and devices.

scholarly journals Selecting Bolt-on Dimensions for the EQ-5D: Testing the Impact of Hearing, Sleep, Cognition, Energy, and Relationships on Preferences Using Pairwise Choices

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Aureliano Paolo Finch ◽  
John Brazier ◽  
Clara Mukuria
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health State ◽  
Health States ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Background Generic preference-based measures (GPBMs) such as the EQ-5D are valid across many conditions, but in some cases, “bolting on” additional dimensions may improve validity. The selection of “bolt-ons” has been based on the psychometric impact of individual dimensions, but preferences provide another important way to select them. This study aims to test the potential of using pairwise choices to inform the selection of bolt-ons for the EQ-5D-5L. Methods General population preferences were collected using an online survey of 1040 UK residents. Three EQ-5D-5L health state pairs were selected based on pairs that had a 50:50 split in respondent preferences from a previous pairwise survey. Participants were presented with pairwise choices of EQ-5D-5L health states without and with bolt-ons of hearing, sleep, cognition, energy, and relationships, each added individually. Logistic models were used to assess the impact of bolt-ons, as well as bolt-ons at different severity levels, on the log odds of responders choosing between health states. Results Preferences varied according to the bolt-ons and their severity level (only levels 1, 3, and 5 were used). Additions of bolt-ons at level 1 generally resulted in nonstatistically significant differences while additions of bolt-ons at level 3 and level 5 produced a negative and statistically significant impact on preferences for the health state with the bolt-on. At level 5, hearing had the largest impact, followed by cognition, relationships, energy, and sleep. At level 3, cognition produced the largest impact, followed by hearing and sleep with similar impacts, energy, and relationships. This ordering offers information for bolt-on selection, with hearing and cognition appearing as the most important. The weight placed on the different health problems is not constant across severity levels between bolt-ons. Conclusions Pairwise choices provide a cost-effective approach of generating information on preferences to support bolt-on selection.

Judgments of Azimuth and Elevation as a Function of Monoscopic and Binocular Depth Cues Using a Perspective Display

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woodrow Barfield ◽  
Craig Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Binocular Disparity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stereoscopic Display ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Depth Cue ◽  
Three Dimensional Display ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Binocular Depth

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of three-dimensional display formats for judgments of spatial information using an exocentric frame of reference. Eight subjects judged the azimuth and elevation that separated two computer-generated objects using either a perspective or stereoscopic display. Errors, which consisted of the difference in absolute value between the estimated and actual azimuth or elevation, were analyzed as the response variable. The data indicated that the stereoscopic display resulted in more accurate estimates of elevation, especially for images aligned approximately orthogonally to the viewing vector. However, estimates of relative azimuth direction were not improved by use of the stereoscopic display. Furthermore, it was shown that the effect of compression resulting from a 45--deg computer graphics eye point elevation produced a response bias that was symmetrical around the horizontal plane of the reference cube, and that the depth cue of binocular disparity provided by the stereoscopic display reduced the magnitude of the compression errors. Implications of the results for the design of spatial displays are discussed.

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