scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Organic Farming Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9832
Author(s):  
El Chami Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Change Mitigation

The European Union green deal has proposed the “organic farming action plan” to render a farming system that is more sustainable and adaptable in terms of climate change mitigation and thus enable meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs). While this policy instrument is fundamental to achieving sustainable agriculture, there is still no agreement on what sustainable agriculture is and how to measure it. This opinion paper proposes an ecosystem-based framework for the crop life cycle to determine the balance between the economic, social, and environmental pillars of sustainability toward supporting decision-making.

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Organic Farming Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel El Chami
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Development Goals

The European Union green deal has proposed the “organic farming action plan” to render this farming system more sustainable for climate mitigation and adaptation and to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs). While this policy instrument is fundamental to reach sustainable agriculture, there is still no agreement on what sustainable agriculture is and how to measure it. This opinion paper proposes an ecosystem-based framework on the crop life-cycle to determine the balance between economic, social and environmental pillars of sustainability to support decision-making.

Comparing wheat grown in South Australian organic and conventional farming systems. 1. Growth and grain yield

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Kitchen ◽  
G. K. McDonald ◽  
K. W. Shepherd ◽  
M. F. Lorimer ◽  
R. D. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Organically Grown

Organic farming standards do not allow addition of water-soluble fertilisers and therefore it is likely that growth of organically grown crops will be limited by nutrient availability. However, in marginal rainfall conditions, when growth in conventional systems is limited by water availability, yields of organically grown crops could be comparable with those conventionally grown. Similarly, micronutrient-efficient plant varieties could be expected to perform comparatively better under organic farming conditions than they do in conventional systems, when compared with micronutrient-inefficient varieties.In this study, biomass and grain production of wheat from certified organic farming systems were compared with neighbouring conventional farming systems in 'across the fence' field trials in 1 moderate and 2 marginal rainfall areas of South Australia. Wheat varieties compared included 2 old wheat varieties developed under relatively low-input conditions (Baroota Wonder and Dirk-48) and varieties shown to be micronutrient-efficient (Janz and Trident) and inefficient (Yallaroi).The organic farming systems produced significantly less biomass than the conventional farming systems at late tillering in both the moderate and marginal rainfall areas. Grain yield was variable, but significantly lower in the organic farming system for 11 of the 14 comparisons. None of the varieties showed an adaptive advantage for 1 farming system over the other. The relative yield of the organic system, compared with the conventional system, was not associated with rainfall.

scholarly journals Effect of Low-Input Organic and Conventional Farming Systems on Maize Rhizosphere in Two Portuguese Open-Pollinated Varieties (OPV), “Pigarro” (Improved Landrace) and “SinPre” (a Composite Cross Population)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitana Ares ◽  
Joana Costa ◽  
Carolina Joaquim ◽  
Duarte Pintado ◽  
Daniela Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere

Maize is one of the most important crops worldwide and is the number one arable crop in Portugal. A transition from the conventional farming system to organic agriculture requires optimization of cultivars and management, the interaction of plant–soil rhizosphere microbiota being pivotal. The objectives of this study were to unravel the effect of population genotype and farming system on microbial communities in the rhizosphere of maize. Rhizosphere soil samples of two open-pollinated maize populations (“SinPre” and “Pigarro”) cultivated under conventional and organic farming systems were taken during flowering and analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phenological data were collected from the replicated field trial. A total of 266 fungi and 317 bacteria genera were identified in “SinPre” and “Pigarro” populations, of which 186 (69.9%) and 277 (87.4%) were shared among them. The microbiota of “Pigarro” showed a significant higher (P < 0.05) average abundance than the microbiota of “SinPre.” The farming system had a statistically significant impact (P < 0.05) on the soil rhizosphere microbiota, and several fungal and bacterial taxa were found to be farming system-specific. The rhizosphere microbiota diversity in the organic farming system was higher than that in the conventional system for both varieties. The presence of arbuscular mycorrhizae (Glomeromycota) was mainly detected in the microbiota of the “SinPre” population under the organic farming systems and very rare under conventional systems. A detailed metagenome function prediction was performed. At the fungal level, pathotroph–saprotroph and pathotroph–symbiotroph lifestyles were modified by the farming system. For bacterial microbiota, the main functions altered by the farming system were membrane transport, transcription, translation, cell motility, and signal transduction. This study allowed identifying groups of microorganisms known for their role as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and with the capacity to improve crop tolerance for stress conditions, allowing to minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (phyla Glomeromycota) were among the most important functional groups in the fungal microbiota and Achromobacter, Burkholderia, Erwinia, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas in the bacterial microbiota. In this perspective, the potential role of these microorganisms will be explored in future research.

scholarly journals PERAN TANAMAN BENGKUANG (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) DALAM MENDUKUNG SISTEM PERTANIAN ORGANIK

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Terry Pakki
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Organic Farming System

Abstrak               Tantangan pertanian ke depan adalah peningkatan produksi pertanian, kelestarian lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat sebagai akibat meningkatnya jumlah penduduk dan kesadaran masyarakat akan pengaruh negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida sintetik/kimia (anorganik).  Sistem pertanian organik merupakan salah satu solusi yang diajukan untuk diterapkan pada sistem pertanian di masa yang akan datang.  Sistem pertanian organik adalah sistem budidaya pertanian yang mengandalkan bahan-bahan alami tanpa menggunakan bahan kimia/sintesis (anorganik).  Pemanfaatan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabati dalam usaha pertanian akan mengurangi resiko pencemaran lingkungan, meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan, serta menekan pengaruh negatif dari penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida sintesik/kimia (anorganik).  Prinsip dalam sistem pertanian organik adalah adanya keseimbangan siklus hara dan kesuburan tanah serta pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara terpadu.  Untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan memenuhi kebutuhan pupuk organik di dalam menjaga keseimbangan siklus hara, serta mengurangi penggunaan pestisida nabati, peran legum seperti bengkuang (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) perlu dikaji lebih mendalam. Tanaman bengkuang sangat potensial dalam mendukung diterapkannya sistem pertanian organik karena; biomassa yang banyak dan mengandung nitrogen yang tinggi (3.42% - 3.51%), kemampuan hidup yang sangat luas di berbagai kondisi lahan karena bersimbiosis dengan bakteri Rhizobium dan Bradyrhizobium dalam menambat nitrogen (N2) udara dan bersimbiosis dengan cendawan mikoriza (AMF) yang dapat membantu penyerapan unsur hara terutama fosfor.  Selain itu, kecuali umbi, bagian tanaman lainnya terutama pada biji bengkuang mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti rotenon yang bersifat insektisida.  Dengan demikian maka bengkuang ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pupuk organik dan sebagai insektisida nabati dalam mendukung sistem pertanian organik. Kata Kunci: bengkuang(Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.), legum, rotenon, sistem pertanian organik Abstract                The challenge of agriculture in the future is to increase agricultural production, environmental sustainability and public health as a result of increasing population and public awareness of the negative effects caused by the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical/ synthetic pesticides. Organic farming system is one of the solutions proposed to be applied to agricultural systems in the future. Organic farming system is an agricultural cultivation system that relies on natural materials without using synthetic/chemicals (inorganic). Utilization of organic fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural businesses will reduce the risk of environmental pollution, improve fertilization efficiency, and reduce the negative effects of the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical/synthetic pesticides. The principle in organic farming systems is the balance of nutrient cycling and soil fertility and integrated pest and disease control. To improve soil fertility and meet the needs of organic fertilizer in maintaining the balance of nutrient cycles, and reduce the use of synthetic chemical pesticides, the role of legumes such as yam bean (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) needs to be studied more deeply. Yam bean plants are very potential in supporting the implementation of organic farming systems because; a lot of high and nitrogen containing biomass (3.42% - 3.51%), a very broad life ability in various land conditions because it is symbiotic with Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium bacteria in fixing nitrogen (N2) air and symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) which can help absorption of nutrients, especially phosphorus. Especially in jicama seeds contain secondary metabolites such as rotenone which are insecticides. Thus, this yam bean can be used as an organic fertilizer and as a organic/vegetable insecticide in supporting organic farming systems. Keywords: Yam bean (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.), legumes, rotenon, organic farming systems

scholarly journals Bimbingan Teknis Pertanian Organik sebagai Penerapan Teknologi Budidaya Ramah Lingkungan kepada Perkumpulan Kelompok Tani Gapsera Sejahtera Mandiri

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Dulbari Dulbari ◽  
Yuriansyah Yuriansyah ◽  
Hery Sutrisno ◽  
Arief Maksum ◽  
Destieka Ahyuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Environmental Friendly

Organic agriculture was a cultivation system that applies the concept of sustainable agriculture. Organic farming systems depend on natural ingredients without using synthetic chemicals. Organic cultivation was environmentally friendly by farming activities by continuing to minimize negative impacts on the surrounding environment. This activity aims to provide knowledge and skills on the concept of sustainable agriculture, which is carried out through the application of an organic farming system at Polinela Organic Farm. Technical guidance activities are carried out at the Polinela Organic Farm, Lampung State Polytechnic, on Tuesday, March 10, 2020. Participants were the Association of ‘Sejahtera Mandiri’ Farmers Groups Rejo Asri Village, Seputuh Raman, Central Lampung. The application of environmental friendly in agricultural aspects was reflected in the management of the concept of organic agriculture carried out by Polinela Organic Farm. The concept of environmental friendly in agricultural development was implemented by taking into various aspects, such as the use of inorganic fertilizers with high efficiency, the application of pest and disease control by notice the natural ecological balance, the application of integrated crop management, the application of a clean and healthy farming system, the maintenance and strengthening of physical fertility, chemical, and biological in nature and the use of effective technology based on local wisdom.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGALAMAN PETANI ORGANIK: EKSPLORASI PENGALAMAN PETANI ORGANIK DENGAN INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rifai Rais ◽  
Darwanto Darwanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Organic Farming System

The organic farming system is an agricultural system that keeps the environment-friendly. The organic farming system is expected to be a solution for building agriculture and improving the welfare of farmers. This study aims to explore and understand the experience gained by individuals in living organic farming systems. The study used the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach that aims thedepth of meaning against various backgrounds, experiences, unique events, and subject thinking through in- depth interviews. The results found that the organic farming systemapplicationled to a variety of the organic farming system experience.Organic farming systems that have been implemented at the moment are still constrained so that social capital in the form of values, norms, trusts and social networks play a role in overcoming these obstacles. Development of organic agriculture is expected to encourage economic aspects, health aspects, and ecological aspects.Keywords: Organic Farming; Experience; Social Capital; Phenomenological

Regime of soil humus rural residential areas organic farming systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
L.I. Shkarivska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Organic Farming System

The changes of the soil’s humus soil within the rural areas are investigated for the organic farming system. The most significant impact of organic agriculture on humus content over 55% was observed on soddy podzolic soils (V>75%), the lowest –7,5% on typical chernozem (V≈16%). Changes in the qualitative composition of humus for the introduction of various types of organic substrates are analyzed.

scholarly journals Stable Characteristics of Cover Crops for Weed Suppression in Organic Farming Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Uchino ◽  
Kazuto Iwama ◽  
Yutaka Jitsuyama ◽  
Keiko Ichiyama ◽  
Eri Sugiura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

scholarly journals Towards a Circular Economy Taxation Framework: Expectations and Challenges of Implementation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas Milios
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Material Resource ◽  
Waste Hierarchy ◽  
Tax Relief

AbstractThe transition to a circular economy is a complex process requiring wide multi-level and multi-stakeholder engagement and can be facilitated by appropriate policy interventions. Taking stock of the importance of a well-balanced policy mix that includes a variety of complementing policy instruments, the circular economy action plan of the European Union (COM(2020) 98 final) includes a section about “getting the economics right” in which it encourages the application of economic instruments. This contribution presents a comprehensive taxation framework, applied across the life cycle of products. The framework includes (1) a raw material resource tax, (2) reuse/repair tax relief, and (3) a waste hierarchy tax at the end of life of products. The research is based on a mixed method approach, using different sources to analyse the different measures in the framework. More mature concepts, such as material resource taxes, are analysed by reviewing the existing literature. The analysis of tax relief on repairs is based on interviews with stakeholders in Sweden, where this economic policy instrument has been implemented since 2017. Finally, for the waste hierarchy tax, which is a novel proposition in this contribution, macroeconomic modelling is used to analyse potential impacts of future implementation. In all cases, several implementation challenges are identified, and potential solutions are discussed according to literature and empirical sources. Further research is required both at the individual instrument and at the framework level. Each of the tax proposals needs a more detailed examination for its specificities of implementation, following the results of this study.

Soil fertility in organic farming systems - fundamentally different?

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Stockdale ◽  
M.A. Shepherd ◽  
S. Fortune ◽  
S.P. Cuttle
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Organic Farming Systems
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