scholarly journals Policy Analyses on Promoting the Recycling of Express Packages

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9504
Author(s):  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Rongrong Fan ◽  
Chaojie Wang ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Tax Reduction ◽  
The Government

With the development of e-commerce industry, the express enterprises are growing up rapidly. At the same time, they produce a large amount of express packaging garbage. The recycling of express packages has become an important issue for environment protection. In this paper, three types of possible policies are discussed for consideration: subsidy, penalty, and tax reduction. We analyze the efficiency of each policy and find the conditions under which the express packaging manufacturers prefer to recycle and reprocess the used products. A two-stage model is established from the perspective of manufacturers to discuss the production and recycling strategies under the three policies. Besides, we suggest an optimal choice between subsidy and tax reduction for the government when the budget is fixed. This paper provides guidelines for the government to improve related policies on promoting the recycling of express packages.

Timing of repeated movements: Test of a two-stage model

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Sternberg ◽  
Teresa Pantzer
Keyword(s):  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage

A benchmarking study of Indian seaports

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
Sajeev Abraham George ◽  
Anurag C. Tumma
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Port Authorities ◽  
Financial Performance Measures ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to benchmark the operational and financial performances of the major Indian seaports to help derive useful insights to improve their performance. Design/methodology/approach A two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology has been used with the help of data collected on the 13 major seaports of India. The first stage of the DEA captured the operational efficiencies, while the second stage the financial performance. Findings A window analysis over a period of three years revealed that no port was able to score an overall average efficiency of 100 per cent. The study identified the better performing units among their peers in both the stages. The contrasting results of the study with the traditional operational and financial performance measures used by the ports helped to derive useful insights. Research limitations/implications The data used in the study were majorly limited to the available sources in the public domain. Also, the study was limited to the major seaports which are under the Government of India and no comparisons were carried out with other local or international ports. Practical implications There is a need to prioritize investments and improvement efforts where they are most needed, instead of following a generalized approach. Once the benchmark ports are identified, the port authorities and other relevant stakeholders should work in detail on the factors causing inefficiencies, for possible improvements in performance. Originality/value This paper carried out a two-stage DEA that helped to derive useful insights on operational efficiency and financial performance of the India seaports. A combination of the financial and operational parameters, along with a comparison of the DEA results with the traditional measures, provided a different perspective on the Indian seaport performance. Considering the scarcity of research papers reported in the literature on DEA-based benchmarking studies of seaports in the Indian context, it has the potential to attract future research in this field.

Nonlinear dynamics of pulsating detonation wave with two-stage chemical kinetics in the shock-attached frame

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslava E. Poroshyna ◽  
Aleksander I. Lopato ◽  
Pavel S. Utkin
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Detonation Wave ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Approximation Order ◽  
Transition Regime ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Detonation Wave Propagation

Abstract The paper contributes to the clarification of the mechanism of one-dimensional pulsating detonation wave propagation for the transition regime with two-scale pulsations. For this purpose, a novel numerical algorithm has been developed for the numerical investigation of the gaseous pulsating detonation wave using the two-stage model of kinetics of chemical reactions in the shock-attached frame. The influence of grid resolution, approximation order and the type of rear boundary conditions on the solution has been studied for four main regimes of detonation wave propagation for this model. Comparison of dynamics of pulsations with results of other authors has been carried out.

scholarly journals Correction to: Identifying resting locations of a small elusive forest carnivore using a two-stage model accounting for GPS measurement error and hidden behavioral states

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton J. Hance ◽  
Katie M. Moriarty ◽  
Bruce A. Hollen ◽  
Russell W. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Gps Measurement ◽  
Behavioral States

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Two-stage model for estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of hourly PM1.0 concentrations over central and east China

2019 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 658-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Feiyue Mao ◽  
Bin Zou ◽  
Jianping Guo ◽  
Lixin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatiotemporal Distribution ◽  
East China ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage

Emotion Expressions

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azim F. Shariff ◽  
Jessica L. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Cultural Symbols ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Complete Story

We appreciate Barrett’s (2011, this issue) comments and her discussion of how our two-stage model is and is not consistent with Darwin’s views on the evolution of emotion expressions. Like many pioneering books, Darwin’s The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals represents a flurry of novel and revolutionary, yet often inconsistent, ideas, which lend themselves to different readings. However, while the historical perspective Barrett provides is useful, the scientific conversation on emotion expressions has evolved since Darwin. Here, we briefly discuss why the two alternative explanations Barrett offers for the origins of emotion expressions—expressions as cultural symbols and/or as evolutionary byproducts—are both untenable in light of existing research. We also note that although evidence for our two-stage model is currently incomplete, our goal was not to tell a complete story. Instead, we sought to offer the best emerging explanation for the existing research and provide a path for future empirical work that can test it.

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