scholarly journals National Versus Local Sustainable Development Plans and Island Priorities in Sanitation: Examples from the Kingdom of Tonga

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9379
Author(s):  
Ian White ◽  
Tony Falkland ◽  
Taaniela Kula
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
National Priority ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Sanitation Systems

Sanitation, water supply, and their governance remain major challenges in many Pacific Island countries. National sustainable development strategies (NSDSs) are promoted throughout the Pacific as overarching improved governance instruments to identify priorities, plan solutions, and fulfill commitments to sustainable development. Their relevance to local village-level development priorities is uncertain. In this work we compare national priorities for sanitation in NSDSs with those in village community development plans (CDPs) and with metrics in censuses from the Kingdom of Tonga. Tonga’s Strategic Development Frameworks (TSDFI 2011–2014 and TSDFII 2015–2025) were developed to focus government and its agencies on national outcomes. From 2007 to 2016, 136 villages throughout Tonga’s five Island Divisions (IDs) formulated CDPs involving separately 80% of women, youth, and men in each village. It is shown that censuses in 2006 and 2016 reveal linked improvements in water supply and sanitation systems but identify IDs with continuing challenges. It is found that sanitation and water are a national priority in TSDFI but are absent from the current TSDFII. In contrast, analysis of CDPs, published just after TSDFII, show in one ID, 53% of villages ranked sanitation as a priority and marked differences were found between IDs and between women, youth, and men. CDPs’ sanitation priorities in IDs are shown to mostly correspond to sanitation and water metrics in the censuses, but some reflect impacts of natural disasters. Explanations for differences in sanitation priorities between the national and local development plans, as well as suggestions for improving NSDS processes in island countries, are advanced.

scholarly journals Meeting SDG6 in the Kingdom of Tonga: The Mismatch between National and Local Sustainable Development Planning for Water Supply

Hydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian White ◽  
Tony Falkland ◽  
Taaniela Kula
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Hydrological Data ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
A Priority

UN Sustainable Development Goal 6 challenges small island developing states such as the Kingdom of Tonga, which relies on variable rainwater and fragile groundwater lenses for freshwater supply. Meeting water needs in dispersed small islands under changeable climate and frequent extreme events is difficult. Improved governance is central to better water management. Integrated national sustainable development plans have been promulgated as a necessary improvement, but their relevance to island countries has been questioned. Tonga’s national planning instrument is the Tonga Strategic Development Framework, 2015–2025 (TSDFII). Local Community Development Plans (CDPs), developed by rural villages throughout Tonga’s five Island Divisions, are also available. Analyses are presented of island water sources from available census and limited hydrological data, and of the water supply priorities in TSDFII and in 117 accessible village CDPs. Census and hydrological data showed large water supply differences between islands. Nationally, TDSFII did not identify water supply as a priority. In CDPs, 84% of villages across all Island Divisions ranked water supply as a priority. Reasons for the mismatch are advanced. It is recommended that improved governance in water in Pacific Island countries should build on available census and hydrological data and increased investment in local island planning processes.

scholarly journals Indigenous entrepreneurship on customary land in the Pacific: Measuring sustainability

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Scheyvens ◽  
Glenn Banks ◽  
Litea Meo-Sewabu ◽  
Tracy Decena
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Indigenous Entrepreneurs ◽  
Customary Land

AbstractCustomary land is commonly perceived as a barrier to economic development and indigenous entrepreneurship in Pacific Island countries. We turn this proposition on its head, arguing that customary land provides a solid foundation for indigenous entrepreneurs who wish to achieve social, cultural and environmental, as well as economic, goals for their businesses. Furthermore, we assert that appropriate tools are needed to measure the success of indigenous businesses on customary land, as conventional tools have a narrow focus on economics that fails to capture the more holistic, sustainable development goals that indigenous people hope to achieve through their businesses. The indicators we utilise relate to socio-cultural, economic and environmental sustainability. The tool’s usefulness was scrutinized through pre-testing on two indigenous businesses in Fiji; this revealed that culturally oriented tools are essential if the sustainability of indigenous business is to be measured in terms that are meaningful to Pacific communities.

scholarly journals China contributes to the ISID in Pacific Island Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2254-2256
Author(s):  
Hongfei Yue
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Island States ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Pacific Island States ◽  
Pacific Island Countries

As we know, the Small Island Developing States face special challenges to their development. This is particularly true for the Pacific Island States, scattered as they are over a huge area of ocean.More specifically, the 22 Pacific Island countries are scattered over one third of the globe (thirty million sq. km. mostly ocean). The total population of the South Pacific excluding Australia and New Zealand is about 8 million; half of which reside in Papua New Guinea.Many stakeholders have been involving in assisting the development of Pacific Island Countries for a long time. In recent years, China has become one of the active players in the inclusive and sustainable development of Pacific Island Countries.

scholarly journals Ocean Diplomacy: The Pacific Island Countries’ Campaign to the UN for an Ocean Sustainable Development Goal

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Quirk ◽  
Quentin Hanich
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Island States ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Island Countries

In this article we examine how Pacific Island Countries (pics) successfully championed a stand-alone Ocean Sustainable Development Goal (sdg) goal at the United Nations (un). We analyse how the un Post-2015 development process provided pics with a unique opportunity to use their experience with collective diplomacy and regional oceans governance to propose this international goal. In this article we establish how pics’ national and regional quest to strengthen their sovereign rights over marine resources motivated their diplomatic efforts for an Ocean sdg. The campaign was a significant political achievement, positioning these Large Ocean Island States (lois) as global ocean guardians. We critically evaluate the effectiveness of the pics’ diplomatic campaign to secure an international commitment for an Ocean sdg. The pics’ advocacy for Goal 14 under Agenda 2030 has enhanced their political effectiveness in the un by improving their recognition by other States as leaders in oceans governance. We suggest their Ocean sdg campaign forms part of a distinct and continuing brand of oceans diplomacy from Oceania.

Ethical recommendations for Sustainable development of algae aquaculture.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Barbier ◽  
Bénédicte Charrier
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Seaweed Aquaculture ◽  
European Guidelines ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Potential Risks

<p>Macroalgae, also called seaweed, play a key ecological role in coastal ecosystems and can be used for a variety of applications, including food, health products, cosmetics, agriculture and environmental management. Well-developed in Asia, the seaweed aquaculture is also a growing economic sector in Europe that can contribute to a sustainable circular bioeconomy. However, this sector lacks specific legislation to regulate its development. To ensure the environmental and economic sustainability of this sector, a group of experts has designed the European guidelines for sustainable development of seaweed aquaculture, PEGASUS, in a participatory and co-designed manner. The scientific, technical, environmental, legal and socio-economic dimensions have been taken into account to anticipate any potential risks associated with aquaculture development. Combining the expertise of SMEs and researchers, these guidelines have been published and presented to the European Parliament to help all stakeholders in the sector to understand the different aspects of seaweed aquaculture. All actors in the sector, such as farmers, suppliers, users, researchers and decision-makers, should establish a collaborative network along the value chain to guide strategic development plans and ensure environmental sustainability.</p><p>Ethical recommendations extracted and inspired from this work for better governance and preservation of the marine environment will be presented</p>

scholarly journals The Concept of an Eco-Efficient Regional Development Strategy: A Case of the Baikal Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191
Author(s):  
Karina Gunzenova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Regional Development Strategy ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Destructive Processes

The transition to sustainable development requires a comprehensive systematic state policy and suggests a change in existing cultural characteristics that determine the nature of the economic development of society. It assumes reliance on effective mechanisms that can minimize the time and risks of possible destructive processes of such a transition. As a mechanism for institutionalization, we propose using the concept of ecological efficiency as a criterion for the compliance of strategic development plans and relevant regulatory legal acts with the selected course of sustainable development. This work aims to disclose the concept of eco-efficiency through understanding the benefits of focusing on qualitative development criteria. The methodological basis of the study was the provisions of dialectical realism, which determines the variability of the content of quantitative development indices with the constancy of qualitative guidelines, thus ensuring balanced development of civilization for an indefinitely long term. Keywords: sustainable development, ecological efficiency, sustainable development strategy, Baikal region, dialectical realism

scholarly journals Green economy in Tanzania: Is it foreseeable?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isege Zephania Mihayo ◽  
Rosemary Michael Swai
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
National Initiatives ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
In Transit

The green economy is one of the major pathways to sustainable development. In achieving sustainable development, Tanzania just like some other developing countries, has made efforts in transit to such kind of economy. The country does not have any specific national policy or strategy on the green economy. However, there have been different, direct, and indirect actions that have been implemented in support of the green economy initiative. The paper reviews how far the green economy is foreseeable in Tanzania. Firstly, explore the work of different activities and initiatives towards attaining green economy together with their effectiveness and challenges. Starts by review on the well-known national initiatives that are mainly funded by the developed partners, then national strategic development plans and programs. The work found that there is no enough researches and information on the role of already established policies, laws, and regulation. This study concludes by discussing the identified strength and weakness of the initiatives, providing suggestions on where will these initiatives take Tanzania as long as green economy is concerned, and therefore provide recommendations.

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