scholarly journals Synergies and Trade-Offs in Reaching the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håvard Hegre ◽  
Kristina Petrova ◽  
Nina von Uexkull
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Over Time

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted in 2015 integrate diverse issues such as addressing hunger, gender equality and clean energy and set a common agenda for all United Nations member states until 2030. The 17 SDGs interact and by working towards achieving one goal countries may further—or jeopardise—progress on others. However, the direction and strength of these interactions are still poorly understood and it remains an analytical challenge to capture the relationships between the multi-dimensional goals, comprising 169 targets and over 200 indicators. Here, we use principal component analysis (PCA), an in this context novel approach, to summarise each goal and interactions in the global SDG agenda. Applying PCA allows us to map trends, synergies and trade-offs at the level of goals for all SDGs while using all available information on indicators. While our approach does not allow us to investigate causal relationships, it provides important evidence of the degree of compatibility of goal attainment over time. Based on global data 2000–2016, our results indicate that synergies between and within the SDGs prevail, both in terms of levels and over time change. An exception is SDG 10 ‘Reducing inequalities’ which has not progressed in tandem with other goals.

scholarly journals The Nexus between the Austrian Forestry Sector and the Sustainable Development Goals: A Review of the Interlinkages

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reneema Hazarika ◽  
Robert Jandl
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Development Goals

Since the inception of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, there has been much conceptual progress on the linkages across the 17 goals and their 169 targets. While this kind of conceptualization is an essential first step, action must now move towards systematic policy design, implementation, and multi-stakeholder collaborations that can translate such understanding into concrete results. This study is a reality check of such quasi-political global development agendas by the United Nations and its implications on Austrian forestry. Although forestry is not a goal in itself, forests as an element have been included under SDG15 (Life on Land). In this study, the linkages of forestry with potential synergies or trade-offs within and between the SDGs have been assessed through a literature survey and complemented with the perception of opinion leaders across the Austrian forestry sector on the same. The insights about awareness, design, implementation, and the necessity of mainstreaming the SDGs into the policy structure of Austria were reviewed. Besides facilitating the goals of sustainable forest management (SFM) in Austria, the SDG15 is not only strongly related to, but is likely to aid, the achievement of other SDGs, such as human health (SDG3), provision of clean water (SDG6), affordable & clean energy (SDG7), and climate action (SDG13). The opinion leaders perceive the SDGs as well-placed but broad. Some this broadness is a positive aspect of the SDGs. On the other hand, the 15-year (2015–2030) tenure of the SDGs is perceived to be inadequate to match the temporal scale of forest development. Apparently, the success of the SDGs will strictly depend upon coordination, governance, and most importantly, awareness among all stakeholders. Therefore, in addition to “leaving no one behind”, the SDGs must evidently provide incentives benefitting everybody.

scholarly journals Water-Energy-Food Accessibility and Tracking Progress towards Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in the Savannah Region of Katsina State, Nigeria

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3595
Author(s):  
Yahaya Sani ◽  
Miklas Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Food Accessibility ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

Although remarkable progress has been achieved in reducing hunger and poverty and improving people’s health in the past couple of decades, humanity still faces considerable socio-economic and sustainability challenges. Ensuring sustainable access to safe and sufficient water, improved sanitation facilities, clean energy sources and healthy food is a necessary requirement for ending hunger and poverty, advancing health and achieving all the goals of the sustainable development agenda. Socio-economic variables are determinant factors of water, energy and food accessibility. Ecological region, income and education are measures used in this study, which aims to examine a pairwise comparison of water and energy sources, sanitation facilities and food accessibilities in six sampling communities and tracking progress towards achieving the sustainable development goals (SDG) at a local scale using nine specific SDG indicators. A study involving questionnaire administration covering 1785 households across the three ecological regions of Katsina state was performed. Two communities representing urban and rural households from each of the ecological regions were selected. An analysis of variance was used to test the equality of resource accessibility across the investigated communities followed up by a post hoc analysis to identify significant mean groups. The results showed that the overall access level to safely manage water and sanitation facilities were 16.5% and 28.1%, respectively. Access indices of 1.83 and 1.24 for electricity and cooking fuel, respectively, were calculated in the study area. The study revealed that location, education and income are the key drivers of water, energy and food access and choice.

scholarly journals Biology in the 21st-Century: Transformation in biology science and education in supporting the sustainable development goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudha Gusti Wibowo ◽  
Ali Sadikin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
New Biology ◽  
Zero Hunger

The transformation in education must be directed in accordance with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program. This article aimed to discuss the potential support of New Biology in achieving the formulated SDGs. This literature review covered 31 articles which were published since 2010 to 2019. The keywords used to collect the data were new biology, future biology, biology education, biological science, and biology. The review results informed that New Biology can potentially enact five goals of SDGs, i.e. goal 2 (Zero Hunger), goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), goal 4 (Quality Education), goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), and goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy). By considering the findings, it is suggested to promote New Biology approach in Indonesian educational system.

scholarly journals Assessing the land resource–food price nexus of the Sustainable Development Goals

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. e1501499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Obersteiner ◽  
Brian Walsh ◽  
Stefan Frank ◽  
Petr Havlík ◽  
Matthew Cantele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Sustainable Consumption And Production ◽  
Development Goals

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call for a comprehensive new approach to development rooted in planetary boundaries, equity, and inclusivity. The wide scope of the SDGs will necessitate unprecedented integration of siloed policy portfolios to work at international, regional, and national levels toward multiple goals and mitigate the conflicts that arise from competing resource demands. In this analysis, we adopt a comprehensive modeling approach to understand how coherent policy combinations can manage trade-offs among environmental conservation initiatives and food prices. Our scenario results indicate that SDG strategies constructed around Sustainable Consumption and Production policies can minimize problem-shifting, which has long placed global development and conservation agendas at odds. We conclude that Sustainable Consumption and Production policies (goal 12) are most effective at minimizing trade-offs and argue for their centrality to the formulation of coherent SDG strategies. We also find that alternative socioeconomic futures—mainly, population and economic growth pathways—generate smaller impacts on the eventual achievement of land resource–related SDGs than do resource-use and management policies. We expect that this and future systems analyses will allow policy-makers to negotiate trade-offs and exploit synergies as they assemble sustainable development strategies equal in scope to the ambition of the SDGs.

scholarly journals Potential Trade-Offs between the Sustainable Development Goals in Coastal Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Hutton ◽  
Robert Nicholls ◽  
Attila Lázár ◽  
Alex Chapman ◽  
Marije Schaafsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development Goals

Farmer-Prioritized Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 423-445
Author(s):  
Caroline Mwongera ◽  
Chris M. Mwungu ◽  
Mercy Lungaho ◽  
Steve Twomlow
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Context Specific

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) focuses on productivity, climate-change adaptation, and mitigation, and the potential for developing resilient food production systems that lead to food and income security. Lately, several frameworks and tools have been developed to prioritize context-specific CSA technologies and assess the potential impacts of selected options. This study applied a mixed-method approach, the climate-smart agriculture rapid appraisal (CSA-RA) tool, to evaluate farmers’ preferred CSA technologies and to show how they link to the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The chapter examines prioritized CSA options across diverse study sites. The authors find that the prioritized options align with the food security and livelihood needs of smallholder farmers, and relate to multiple sustainable development goals. Specifically, CSA technologies contribute to SDG1 (end poverty), SDG2 (end hunger and promote sustainable agriculture), SDG13 (combating climate change), and SDG15 (life on land). Limited awareness on the benefits of agriculture technologies and the diversity of outcomes desired by stakeholders’ present challenges and trade-offs for achieving the SDGs. The CSA-RA provides a methodological approach linking locally relevant indicators to the SDG targets.

scholarly journals Synergies and Trade-offs among Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10506
Author(s):  
Carlos de Miguel Ramos ◽  
Rafael Laurenti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development Goals

The United Nations plans have marked global sustainable development for more than two decades. Most of the developed and developing countries have adopted these plans to achieve the Agenda 2030, currently formed by the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The analysis of the interactions between the SDGs is a growing area in research and of interest for governments. However, studies on how positive correlations can improve deteriorated goals are scarce for countries to date. This study aims at filling this gap by finding and quantifying the synergies and trade-offs among the SDGs of Spain. During the years 2000–2019, almost 80% of the SDG targets had significant interactions, either positive (synergy) or negative (trade-off). SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 5 (gender Equality) and SDG 7 (affordable and clean energy) contained the largest number of positive interactions, more than 60% in all of them. SDG 3 (good health and wellbeing) was strongly linked with indicators from SDG 4 (quality education) and also SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation). Furthermore, indicators from SDG 7 (affordable and clean energy) shared a high correlation with the ones from SGD 12 (responsible consumption and production) and SDG 15 (life on land). SDG 1 (no poverty), 2 (zero hunger), 6 (clean water and sanitation), 8 (decent work and economic growth) and 11 (sustainable cities and communities) had the slowest evolution during the years 2000–2019, showing contractions in some instances. We developed a regression model to assess the influence that selected targets have had on a less evolved target (target 8.6—proportion of youth not in education, employment or training). We managed to clarify high influence from target 1.3 (unemployment compensations), target 8.4 (domestic material consumption) and target 10.5 (non-performing loans) on the dependent variable. Identifying numerical dependencies between the SDGs may help nations to develop a roadmap where targets work as cogwheel towards achieving the Agenda 2030.

scholarly journals Water-energy-food nexus perspective: Pathway for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to country action in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Bijon Kumer Mitra ◽  
Devesh Sharma ◽  
Tetsuo Kuyama ◽  
Bao Ngoc Pham ◽  
G.M. Tarekul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Water Security ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Perception Survey

Water, energy and food securities lie at the heart of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Since these securities are interconnected, the business-as-usual approach (sectoral approach) cannot achieve them and need to apply the water-energy-food nexus approach for identifying and overcoming the roots of barriers and challenges. The study aims to prioritize interlinkages between SDG-2 (food security), SDG-6 (water security) and SDG-7 (energy security) for country action. In order to achieve this aim, the study implements a set of methods including stakeholder perception survey, network analysis, regression analysis and cross-sectorial group discussion. This article summarizes the outcomes of a case study in India. Stakeholders cognition derived through scrutinizing the perception survey admitted the need for a nexus approach in the action plans towards the SDGs. Quantitative assessment of interdependency showed that, of 182 interlinkages between SDG-2, SDG-6 and SDG-7 targets, 124 interlinkages had synergistic relation. The combined outcome of the cross-sectorial group discussion identified eight interlinkages as high priority (p>0.9) for immediate integrated planning and action. A total of ten interactions are moderate (p=0.6 to 0.9) and eight are low priority interlinkages (p<0.6). Solid understanding of synergies and trade-offs associated with SDG targets and initial prioritization of interlinkages would help India reorient its SDG priorities from a water-energy-food nexus perspective.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Countries' Performance According to SDG Indicators based on Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Souza ◽  
Julian Santos ◽  
Gabriel SantClair ◽  
Janaina Gomide ◽  
Luan Santos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are part of a global effort to reduce the impacts of climate change, promoting social justice and economic growth. The United Nations provides a database with hundreds of indicators to track the SDGs since 2016 for a total of 302 regions. This work aims to assess which countries are in a similar situation regarding sustainable development. Principal Component Analysis was used to reduce the dimension of the dataset and k-means algorithm was used to cluster countries according to their SDGs indicators. For the years of 2016, 2017 and 2018 were obtained 11, 13 and 11 groups, respectively. This paper also analyses clusters changes throughout the years.

A Systems Approach for Modeling Interactions Among the Sustainable Development Goals Part 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Zelinka ◽  
Bernard Amadei
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Soft Systems ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This article presents a methodology using system dynamics to model the time-dependent progress of each one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as well as their mutual interactions. The hard-systems approach presented herein complements a soft-systems, cross-impact analysis approach presented in part 1. To accomplish this, a modified logistic innovation-diffusion model is used to represent the progress of individual SDGs over time. Then, matrix transposition is used to model the SDGs' interactions. Combining these two techniques into one system dynamics model, the authors propose an analytical, quantifiable, and easily learned tool to understand the complex interplay among the SDGs as a system. The new web-based tool can be used to analyze several scenarios of the SDGs over time to understand the impact of a certain policy or economic intervention. This article is the second of a sequence of two papers analyzing the interactions between the SDGs in a systemic manner.

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