scholarly journals Route and Path Choices of Freight Vehicles: A Case Study with Floating Car Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8557
Author(s):  
Antonello Ignazio Croce ◽  
Giuseppe Musolino ◽  
Corrado Rindone ◽  
Antonino Vitetta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Floating Car Data ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Choice Set

According to the literature, the path choice decision process of a user of a (road) transport network, named path choice problem (PCP), is composed of two levels/models: the definition of perceived alternative paths (choice set) and the choice of one path in the path choice set. The path choice probability can be estimated with two models: a choice model of the path choice set and a choice model of a path (Mansky paradigm). In this research, the paper’s contribution concerns two elements: extension of the PCP paradigm (two-level models) consolidated in the literature to the route choice decision process (vehicle routing problem (VRP)) and identification of common elements in the PCP and VRP concerning the criteria in the two decision levels and the procedure for route and path selection and choice. The experiment concerns the comparison of observed routes with simulated and optimized routes of commercial vehicles to analyse the level of similarity and coverage. The observed routes are extracted from floating car data (FCD) from commercial vehicles travelling inside a study area inside the Calabria Region (Southern Italy). The comparison is executed in terms of similarity of the sequences of nodes visited between observed routes and simulated/optimized routes.

scholarly journals Analyzing Prospective Owners’ Choice Decision towards Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Urban India: A Stated Preference Discrete Choice Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7725
Author(s):  
Reema Bera ◽  
Bhargab Maitra
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Urban India ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) can help decarbonize road transport in urban India. To accelerate the diffusion of PHEVs, investigation of commuter preferences towards the attributes of PHEVs is necessary. Therefore, the present study analyzes prospective owners’ choice decisions towards PHEVs in a typical Indian context. A stated preference survey was designed to collect responses from the current owners of conventional vehicles (CVs) in Delhi, India, and Mixed Logit (ML) models were developed to estimate commuters’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) for a set of key PHEV-specific attributes. The decomposition effect of prospective owners’ sociodemographic characteristics and trip characteristics on the mean estimates of random parameters was investigated by developing ML models with heterogeneity. Subsequently, the influence of improvement of each PHEV-specific attribute on prospective owners’ choice probability was investigated by calculating marginal effects. Among the various PHEV-specific attributes considered in the present study, high WTPs are observed for decrease in battery recharging time, reduction in tailpipe emission and increase in electric range. Therefore, an added emphasis on these attributes by vehicle manufacturers is likely to enhance the attractiveness of PHEVs to Indian commuters. The results also highlight the importance of government subsidy for promoting PHEVs in the Indian market. Prospective owners’ income, availability of home-based parking space, and average daily trip length are found to significantly influence the choice decision of Indian commuters towards PHEVs.

scholarly journals A link based network route choice model with unrestricted choice set

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mogens Fosgerau ◽  
Emma Frejinger ◽  
Anders Karlstrom
Keyword(s):  
Choice Model ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Choice Set

scholarly journals Electrification of Urban Waste Collection: Introducing a Simulation-Based Methodology for Technical Feasibility, Impact and Cost Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ewert ◽  
Alexander Grahle ◽  
Kai Martins-Turner ◽  
Anne Magdalene Syré ◽  
Kai Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Urban Emissions

Electrification is a potential solution for transport decarbonization and already widely available for individual and public transport. However, the availability of electrified commercial vehicles like waste collection vehicles is still limited, despite their significant contribution to urban emissions. Moreover, there is a lack of clarity whether electric waste collection vehicles can persist in real world conditions and which system design is required. Therefore, we introduce a multi-agent-based simulation methodology to investigate the technical feasibility and evaluate environmental and economic sustainability of an electrified urban waste collection. We present a synthetic model for waste collection demand on a per-link basis, using open available data. The tour planning is solved by an open-source algorithm as a capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). This generates plausible tours which handle the demand. The generated tours are simulated with an open-source transport simulation (MATSim) for both the diesel and the electric waste collection vehicles. To compare the life cycle costs, we analyze the data using total cost of ownership (TCO). Environmental impacts are evaluated based on a Well-to-Wheel approach. We present a comparison of the two propulsion types for the exemplary use case of Berlin. And we are able to generate a suitable planning to handle Berlin’s waste collection demand using battery electric vehicles only. The TCO calculation reveals that the electrification raises the total operator cost by 16–30%, depending on the scenario and the battery size with conservative assumptions. Furthermore, the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) can be reduced by 60–99%, depending on the carbon footprint of electric power generation.

scholarly journals Use of Heuristics during the clinical decision process in from family physicians in real conditions.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Fernández Aguilar ◽  
José-Jesús Martín-Martín ◽  
Sergio Minué-Lorenzo ◽  
Alberto Fernández Ajuria
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Diagnostic Error ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Representativeness Heuristic ◽  
Definition Of

Rationale, aims and objectives: The available evidence on the existence and consequences of the use of heuristics in the clinical decision process is very scarce. The purpose of this study is to measure the use of the Representativeness, Availability and Overconfidence heuristics in real conditions with Primary Care physicians in cases of dyspnea and to study the possible correlation with diagnostic error. Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out in 4 Primary Care centers in which 371 new cases or dyspnea were registered. The use of the three heuristics in the diagnostic process is measured through an operational definition of the same. Subsequently, the statistical correlation with the identified clinical errors is analyzed. Results: In 9.97% of the registered cases a diagnostic error was identified. In 49.59% of the cases, the physicians used the representativeness heuristic in the diagnostic decision process. The availability heuristic was used by 82.38% of the doctors and finally, in more than 50% of the cases the doctors showed excess confidence. None of the heuristics showed a statistically significant correlation with diagnostic error. Conclusion: The three heuristics have been used as mental shortcuts by Primary Care physicians in the clinical decision process in cases of dyspnea, but their influence on the diagnostic error is not significant. New studies based on the proposed methodology will allow confirming both its importance and its association with diagnostic error.

FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES AT ROAD TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Shatilo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this article is to define the interpretation of the concept of "mechanism" and its elements, which are interconnected and in interaction contribute to the development of the object. At the same time in modern science it is possible to allocate various directions to consideration of the mechanism. Three directions of the mechanism are analyzed: the first direction considers the mechanism as a control tool that affects the development of the object; the second direction considers the interaction of the subjects and is based on the principles and sequence of certain actions between them; the third approach defines the economic mechanism as a sequence of interconnected economic phenomena. It is determined that enterprises in the process of their activities use a combination of different mechanisms and directions, taking into account their complexity. The author's structuring and definition of its components are offered on the basis of the carried-out researches with allocation of two key contours: 1) a contour of innovative activity taking into account imperatives of strategy of development of the enterprise; 2) the core of the mechanism of development of innovation processes, which forms their close relationship with the contour of innovation, taking into account the imperatives of the development strategy of the enterprise and the variability of consumer values. It is determined that the main purpose of forming the mechanism of strategic development innovative processes of motor transport enterprises is to ensure the efficient use of all resources, tools and systems of interaction between departments, where the main elements of the mechanism of strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises can be considered methods and tools for implementing their innovative development program. The principles of effective functioning of the mechanism are formulated strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises. The structural and logical construction of strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises is offered taking into account the formulated principles and functions of management.

scholarly journals THE RELEASE OF TECHNICAL QUALITY AND PATIENT EXPERIENCE STAR-RATINGS FOR HOME HEALTH AGENCIES AND AGENCY SELECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S602-S602
Author(s):  
Margot L Schwartz ◽  
Momotazur Rahman ◽  
Kali S Thomas ◽  
R Tamara Konetzka ◽  
Vincent Mor
Keyword(s):  
Patient Experience ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Star Rating ◽  
Home Health Agencies ◽  
Choice Set

Abstract To facilitate informed Home Health Agency (HHA) selection for the 3.5 million annual Medicare home health (HH) users, CMS introduced technical quality and patient experience summary star-ratings on the Home Health Compare website in July 2015 and January 2016. There is no information about the relationship between the introduction of these two unique sets of star-ratings and HHA selection. We utilized a conditional logit, discrete choice model, which accounts for all HHAs that each patient could have selected (their “choice-set”) based on ZIP codes, to assess this relationship. We selected a random 5% sample (203,966 admissions) of new Medicare Fee-for-Service HH admissions that occurred in the year before, or the year after star-ratings were released. Star-ratings were obtained from the HH Compare website and categorized as low (=4 stars). We found the introduction of HHA star-ratings was associated with an increased likelihood of selecting an HHA with a high technical quality star-rating, and a decreased likelihood of selecting an HHA with a high patient experience star-rating. After controlling for each patient’s choice-set, patients had 19% increased odds (OR 1.19, 95% CI:1.16,2.23) of selecting a high technical quality HHA and a 12% decreased odds (OR 0.88, 95% CI:0.84,0.92) of selecting a high patient experience HHA, compared to low quality HHAs. Findings suggest patients and referring providers may prioritize technical quality over patient experience. Policy-makers should provide resources to enable HH patients to utilize and interpret the two different HHA star-ratings.

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