scholarly journals Multi-Energy School System for Seasonal Use in the Mediterranean Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8458
Author(s):  
Antonino D’Amico ◽  
Domenico Panno ◽  
Giuseppina Ciulla ◽  
Antonio Messineo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
High Degree

School buildings represent an energy-consuming sector of real estate where different efficiency actions are necessary. The literature shows how the design of a multi-energy system offers numerous advantages, however, there are problems related to the integration of cogeneration units with renewable energy sources due to the low flexibility of the first one and the high degree of uncertainty of the latter. The authors provide an alternative solution through the analysis of a case study consisting of a multiple energy system in three Sicilian schools, focusing on the system’s operational strategy, on the design and sizing of components and trying to exploit the energy needs complementarity of buildings instead of integrating the conventional energy storage systems. Not considering school activities in summer, it was decided to install a cogeneration unit sized on winter thermal loads, whereas the electricity demand not covered was reduced with photovoltaic systems designed to maximize production for seasonal use and with loads concentrated in the morning hours. The effectiveness of this idea, which can be replicated for similar users and areas, is proved by a payback time of less than 11 years and a reduction of 31.77% of the CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals RETROFIT MEASURES IN OLD ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BUILDINGS TOWARDS ENERGY EFFICIENCY

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge S. Carlos ◽  
Helena Corvacho
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption ◽  
Type Of School

A study on thermal retrofit of Portuguese elementary school buildings is presented. The type of school under analysis is one adopted by a large construction campaign that began in the 1940's. This building stock has a very poor thermal performance and their retrofit was evaluated starting with a case study of a school in the central region of Portugal, where some experimental measures were performed and a calculation method was applied for the heating energy consumption estimation. A solution for the thermal retrofit of the school building external envelope was optimized and the effect on heating energy consumption was evaluated, using ECOTECT, resulting in a reduction of 52% of heating energy needs. The national impact of the thermal retrofit of the whole building stock was characterised in terms of energy savings. Finally, the pre‐heating of the ventilation air was also tested as a complementary measure and its effect evaluated. The solution tested may provide up to 1000 kWh/year of extra heat gains by pre‐heating the ventilation air. It must be underlined though that the performance of these systems is dependent on the thermal properties of their components so higher reductions can be achieved with the improvement of these properties. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiami Portugalijos pradines mokyklos šiluminio atnaujinimo tyrimai. Analizuojamos mokyklos tipas yra vienas iš taikytu po 1940 metu prasidejusioje plačioje statybos kampanijoje. Šios pastatu grupes šilumines charakteristikos yra labai prastos. Ju atnaujinimo vertinimas buvo pradetas nuo centrineje Portugalijoje esančios mokyklos, kurioje buvo igyvendintos kai kurios eksperimentines priemones, ir energijos sanaudoms nustatyti pritaikytas skaičiavimo metodas. Pastato išoriniu atitvaru šiluminio atnaujinimo sprendimas buvo optimizuotas ir jo itaka šilumines energijos sanaudoms nustatyta naudojant ECOTECT. Šilumines energijos poreikis sumažejo 52 %. Iš viso pastatu fondo šiluminio atnaujinimo itaka nacionaliniu mastu vertinta sutaupytos energijos kiekiu. Pabaigoje kaip papildoma priemone buvo išbandytas pirminis vedinamo oro pašildymas, nustatytas jo naudingumas. Išbandytasis pirminis vedinamo oro pašildymas gali suteikti iki 1000 kWh/metus papildomo išsiskiriančio šilumos kiekio. Pabrežtina, kad nors šiu sistemu veikimo charakteristikos priklauso nuo ju komponentu šiluminiu savybiu, gerinant šias savybes galima daugiau sumažinti energijos sanaudu.

scholarly journals Energy Balance of a Low Energy House with Building Structures with Active Heat Transfer Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kalús ◽  
Zuzana Straková ◽  
Matej Kubica
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Heat Recuperator ◽  
Pipe Systems ◽  
Building Energy System

A qualitatively new dimension has been introduced to the issue of building structures for energy-efficient buildings by the system of Active Thermal Insulation (ATI), which is already applied in the construction of such buildings. ATI are embedded pipe systems in the envelope structures of buildings, into which we supply a heat-carrying medium with adjusted temperature, so this constitutes a combined building-energy system. This introduces the concept of an internal energy source understood as an energy system integrated into the zone between the static part and the thermal insulation part of the building structure envelope. Under certain conditions, the ATI can serve as a heat recuperator or as an energy collector for a heat pump application. ATI consists of pipe systems embedded in building structures, in which the medium circulates heated by energy from any heat source. The function of the system is to reduce or eliminate heat losses through non-transparent structures in the winter and at the same time to reduce or eliminate heat gains in the summer. It is especially recommended to apply heat sources using renewable energy sources due to the required low temperatures of the heating medium and thus shorten the heating period in the building. Also recommended is to apply ATI for the use of waste heat. Buildings with a given system show low energy consumption and therefore meet the requirements of Directive no. 2018/844/EU, according to which, from 01.01.2021, all new buildings for housing and civic amenities should have energy needs close to zero.

scholarly journals Estimating power consumption in City of Toronto: a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Shees Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Categorical Data ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Technical Issues

Ontario’s energy system provides reliable and clean energy to the province. The demand of electricity is rising throughout the world, thus Ontario’s goal is to maintain the demand and generation of electricity. In this report we have discussed the electricity demand of Ontario and divided the sectors into categorical data of electricity and studied peak hour demands of Toronto. First, we have briefly discussed the introduction, which includes the history, geographical location and socio-economic importance of Toronto. Then in the literature review we have highlighted Ontario’s generation of electricity, which is produced by various renewable energy sources and have further discussed their drawbacks. The survey is focused on the demand of electricity in Toronto by calculating the requirement and then distributing the data into 24 hours, from which we have studied peak hours demand in various categories such as residential buildings, offices, shops etc. The purpose of this survey is to monitor the electricity demand in order to reduce power outages and blackouts due to technical issues.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of the Spread of Household-Sized Photovoltaic Power Plants and Various District Indicators: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Nóra Hegedűsné Baranyai ◽  
Henrik Zsiborács ◽  
András Vincze ◽  
Nóra Rodek ◽  
Martina Makai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Total Power ◽  
The Public ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Complex Indicators

As efforts are made worldwide to meet the growing energy needs of the population in a more sustainable way, harnessing weather-dependent renewable energy sources is becoming more and more important. One of the available technologies is photovoltaic energy production. In the last decade, there has been a growing need among households, institutions, and businesses to reduce the use of fossil-fuel-based electricity from the public grid. In order to meet their electricity demand in Hungary, investors prefer using household-sized photovoltaic power plant (HMKE) systems. The novelty of this study is that it examines the number and total power of photovoltaic HMKEs at the district level in the service areas of different electricity distributors, taking into account the social, economic, infrastructural, and welfare dimensions of these districts as well. The study seeks to uncover whether there is a correlation between the number and total power of these types of power plants and the indicators of the districts, and if so, how strong these relationships are. The examination of the relationships also involved, in addition to correlations by pairs, the relationships of the ranking of the districts according to the complex indicators created from the district indicators and the ranking of the districts based on the number and power of photovoltaic HMKEs per 1000 members of the population. By exploring correlations, the paper seeks to establish a regression model for the number of photovoltaic HMKEs and the territorial (district) indicators.

scholarly journals Solving the Interconnection Problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-538
Author(s):  
Ralph A. Cantafio ◽  
Miles C. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
Energy Grid ◽  
Current Energy

The distinct three energy grids as such exist in the United States (the Western Interconnection, the Eastern Interconnection, and the Texas Interconnection or ERCOT) unnecessarily constrain the United States in addressing its future energy needs, as electricity flow between the three grids is very limited. As our country’s reliance on traditional nonrenewable energy sources like coal continue to decline and the reliance on renewable energy sources continues to grow, the United States should focus on replacing the existing three-grid system with a national energy grid that will benefit energy companies and consumers, as well as serve our future energy needs. This Article provides both an overview of the current energy system in the United States and evidence in support of a solution—creation of a national energy grid.

scholarly journals A High Standard Isolated Insolated Photovoltaic Egyptian Safari Rest Red Sea Area

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten H. Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
Sea Area

Where renewable energy sources, solar, hydro, wind are available the remote communities and businesses can be provided with the most reliable and affordable source of electrical energy. This paper presents a model of safari rest contains all the necessary services for the interested tourists who visit the safari Sinai desert. The PV energy system provides the rural energy needs of remote communities. A photovoltaic renewable energy system is designed to feed the global Ac and Dc electrical required load of this safari rest. The benefits of photovoltaic renewable energy at rural applications are its versatility and convenience. This model of safari rest must be taken in consideration by Egyptian Government as it will provide the tourism plane by new interested tourism field which put a big spot on Red sea area: El Ghordaka.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Startups and SME

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshani Goel
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Capacity ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
Growing Economy

India’s energy needs are in demand with the increase in energy and other electric uses which is highest among the world. There are sectors which heavily rely on energy generated by fossil fuels but there is also seen a paradigm shift towards renewable energy sources. If India continues to rely on the former then they end up blocking development in energy system meeting uncertainties and face difficulties in supply of fossil fuels. To meet the fast-growing economy, India needs to supply the energy 3-4 times more of what they are supplying now. Government of India has become aware of the situation and has started facilitating polices in action towards a sustainable energy. As of 2019, India’s on grid renewable energy capacity is 85.9 GW. Government is working to establish 500 GW of renewable energy source by 2030.

scholarly journals A Survey on Effective Grid Connected Power Flows in Renewable Energy System

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Pooja Mahajan ◽  
Urmila Soni
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

The demand for electricity is increasing day by day and canNot be satisfactorily met without Non-renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources such as wind and sun are universal and environmentally friendly. These renewable energy sources are the best options for meeting global energy needs, but they are unpredictable due to natural conditions. Using solar and wind hybrid renewable energy systems is the best option to take advantage of these available resources. This article introduces wind energy conversion systems, solar energy conversion systems, and multistage inverters.

scholarly journals Campus and community micro grids integration of building integrated photovoltaic renewable energy sources: Case study of Split 3 area, Croatia - part A

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Gasparovic ◽  
Siir Kilkis ◽  
Goran Krajacic ◽  
Neven Duic
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Decentralized Generation ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Micro Grids

Micro grids interconnect loads and distributed energy resources as a single controllable entity. New installations of renewable energy sources (RES) in urban areas, such as Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV), provide opportunities to increase energy independence and diversify energy sources in the energy system. This paper explores the integration of RES into two case study communities in an urban agglomeration to provide optimal conditions to meet a share of the electrical loads. Energy planning case studies for decentralized generation of renewable energy are conducted in H2RES energy planning software for hourly energy balances. The results indicate that BIPV and PV in the case study communities can cover about 17% of the recorded electrical demand of both areas. On a yearly basis, there will be a 0.025 GWh surplus of PV production with a maximum value of 1.25 MWh in one hour of operation unless grid storage is used. This amounts to a total investment cost of 13.36 million EUR. The results are useful for proposing future directions for the various case study communities targeting sustainable development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document