scholarly journals Not So Much about Informality: Emergent Challenges for Urban Planning and Design Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8450
Author(s):  
Paulo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Global South ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Global North ◽  
Perspective Planning ◽  
The Relationship

This paper addresses the challenges faced by planning and design education programmes when focusing on more sustainable ways of dealing with global changes. While the dominant discourse addresses the fact that planning programmes discuss the Global South through the lens of planning theory and practice from the Global North, the proposal is to shift the debate and recognise that, from a complexity perspective, planning problems are not so different from region to region. The argument is that, although the theory has moved on, when discussing conceptual aspects of planning, spatial planning practice is still focused on objects rather than the relationship between them (be they buildings, streets, neighbourhoods or even cities). Assuming that urban territories are not objects and do not develop in a linear way, but rather evolve, the proposal is to reflect on how planning and design education addresses urban evolution. This paper suggests a revision of planning and design approaches to informality, given the participation in recent years of a joint studio in Bandung, Indonesia. The alternative perspective offered here involves a re-examination of concepts and deconstruction of dichotomies. The main findings rely on the interpretation of formalisation processes (in the Global North) through the lens of complexity theory, which has facilitated understanding of today’s informal settlements (in the Global South). It suggests the deconstruction of dichotomies, such as informal versus formal, thus, positing the need for a major shift on planning and design rules that focus less on objects and more on the relationship between them.

scholarly journals Planning to care: the case for a broader implementation of therapeutic planning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Alton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Planning Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship

Planning does not see itself as a caring profession, yet there are elements of care that underlie the relationship between planners and the public. Therapeutic planning is an emerging approach to planning that has shown promise at building on those elements of care and reimagining planning as healing and transformative for planners and the public. However, therapeutic planning has so far only been used as a specialized practice when planning with indigenous communities. Through an analysis of the literature on planning theory and therapeutic planning practice, this study seeks to build a case for a broader application of therapeutic planning. Key findings of this analysis show that therapeutic planning has the capacity to improve planners’ ability to address trauma, conflict and reconciliation. This ends with a concrete set of recommendations to guide the profession in embracing its potential for care. Key words: An article on urban planning theory and practice, used the key words: therapeutic; planning; caring; communication; profession.

Exploring theoretical trends in placemaking: towards new perspectives in spatial planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wessel Strydom ◽  
Karen Puren ◽  
Ernst Drewes
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Global South ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Global North ◽  
Review Protocol

PurposeWhile placemaking is a multi-disciplinary concern, it is a key focus within the discipline of spatial planning. This paper aims to explore the development of theoretical trends with regard to placemaking in spatial planning since 1975 to identify current emerging theoretical perspectives. Special attention is given to differences in perspectives between the Global North and the Global South.Design/methodology/approachThe study used an integrative literature review (ILR) to analyse placemaking literature over a period of 41 years and five months. The ILR followed the basic review stages: scoping; planning and review protocol; identification/availability; searching; and screening. ILR differs from other reviews as quality appraisal, data gathering, analysis and synthesis rely on coding, thematic content analysis and synthesis.FindingsInitially, the planning/review protocol resulted in 59 contributions on placemaking in various disciplines (excluding publications in other languages that English). Contributions included spatial and design disciplines (29 contributions), social sciences (14 contributions) and other disciplines (16 contributions). The literature review proceeded with a selection of 23 spatial planning contributions (20 from the Global North and three from the Global South). Theoretical trends include placemaking theorised as a physical construct, a social construct, an economic construct (absent in literature from the Global South), a tool for empowerment, a psychological dimension and an environmental management tool.Practical implicationsThe most recent theoretical perspectives in literature suggest placemaking as an enabling tool in which people share knowledge and learn new skills to transform their own environment. This empowering process creates a linkage between planning theory and practice.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the current theories of placemaking in spatial planning. It provides a simplified view of an exhaustive list of existing literature. This paper reports on the current trends and the development of placemaking theory.

scholarly journals Truth and Method in Southern Criminology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Brown
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
Penal Reform ◽  
Global North ◽  
Critical Social Science ◽  
Truth And Method

AbstractWhat does it mean to “do” southern criminology? What does this entail and what demands should it place on us as criminologists ethically and methodologically? This article addresses such questions through a form dialogue between the Global North and the Global South. At the center of this dialogue is a set of questions about ethical conduct in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding in human relations. These develop into a conversation that engages South Asian scholars working at the forefront of critical social science, history and theory with a foundational text of European hermeneuticist theory and practice, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Truth and Method, published in 1960. Out of this exercise in communication across culture, histories and knowledge practices emerges a new kind of dialogue and a new way of thinking about ethical practice in criminology. To give such abstractions a concrete reference point, the article illustrates their possibilities and tensions through a case study of penal reform and the question of whether so-called “failed” Northern penal methods—like the prison—should be exported to the Global South. The article thus works dialogically back and forth through these scholars’ accounts of ethical conduct, research practice, the weight of history, and the work of theory with a very concrete and common criminological context in sight. The result is what might be understood as a norm of ethical engagement and an epistemology of dialogue.

scholarly journals Exploring urban paradigms tackling COVID-19 in blogs communities: The case of SDG 11: استكشاف تصدي النماذج الفكرية الحضرية لـكوفيد-19 في مجتمعات المدونات: حالة الهدف 11 للتنمية المستدامة

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-35
Author(s):  
Hisham G. Abusaada, Abeer M. Elshater Hisham G. Abusaada, Abeer M. Elshater
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

This article provides a systematic and critical review of urban paradigms that incorporate economic and cultural diversity, information technology, and competitiveness considering the SDG 11. It explores the possibility of discussing future research using sets of research topics and words of coexistence predefined in urban planning and design literature. This work uses a deductive approach, content analysis and systematic and critical review to highlight the social challenges that address social distancing strategy reflected in SDG 11. The authors systematically focused on blogs published online in 2020, specifically in urban studies, social sciences, planning theory, and public health. They tested their reliability against articles included in the Scimago rank. The findings provide a toolkit with social and behavioural settings, mobility, infrastructure, and urbanization in the post-pandemic era. This study recommended a review of the importance of taking blogs that discuss new urban intellectual models to confront the Coronavirus when developing sustainable cities and societies according to SDG11, after ensuring their reliability.

To the Richest Go the Spoils? Immigration, Development, and the North-South Divide, 1970–2005

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global South ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Global North ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

This paper empirically assesses, for the first time, the relationship between immigration and national economic development in both the global North and the global South. A series of panel models demonstrate that immigration exacerbates North-South inequalities through differential effects on average per capita incomes in the global North and global South. Immigration has positive effects on average incomes in both the North and the South, but the effect is larger in the global North. Thus the relationship between immigration and development evinces a Matthew Effect at the world level: by contributing to differential levels of economic development in the North and South, immigration widens international inequalities in the long term, resulting in the accumulation of advantage in the North. The implications of the results are discussed in the context theory and policy on the migration-development nexus.

Review of Empirical Studies on Relationship between Street Environment and Crime

2021 ◽  
pp. 088541222199228
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Mao ◽  
Ling Yin ◽  
Minling Zeng ◽  
Jiajun Ding ◽  
Yan Song
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Street Networks ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Street Environment

Creating a safe street environment is the primary goal for urban planners and urban designers. However, the existing research findings on the relationship between street environment and criminal behavior are various and contradictory, which brings confusion to the practice of urban planning and design. This article reviews literature on crime prevention through street environmental design on three spatial levels—street networks, paths, and nodes. This article also explores the causes of diversity and contradiction in the existing conclusions. Finally, limitations of the existing research, directions of optimization, and further studies in this field are put forward.

The Atmospheres of Urban Environments

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Hisham Abusaada
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter investigates the ambiguity of the word “atmospheres” in the fields of urban studies. It examines the justifications (plausibility) beyond its uses, with the terms that are focusing on the perceptual qualities. The author investigated the uses of the word “atmospheres” from the beginning of the 17th century to the year 2020, a period which he divided into four stages. The investigation covered the work of 27 thinkers in the fields of natural sciences and humanities, including 10 in architecture disciplines, in addition to 28 manuscripts that addressed the relationship between atmospheres in the areas of architecture, particularly urban planning and design and urban landscape architecture between 1998 and 2020. The outcomes were developed through a comprehensive literature review by gaps analysis and a deductive online survey with 58 specialized participants, using SurveyMonkey. This chapter contributes to the rationale that an urban designer can use to study people's changing feelings, emotions, and moods according to the understanding of the terms related to atmospheres.

scholarly journals Activity as a Mediator Between Users and Their Auditory Environment in an Urban Pocket Park

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Bild ◽  
Daniel Steele ◽  
Karin Pfeffer ◽  
Luca Bertolini ◽  
Catherine Guastavino
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Auditory Experience ◽  
The Relationship

Sound is receiving increasing attention in urban planning and design due to its effects on human health and quality of life. Soundscape researchers have sought ecologically valid measures to describe and explain the complex relationship between people and their auditory environments, largely employing laboratory studies and neglecting the active role of activity. This chapter proposes a situated cognition approach to study the relationship between context, use of space, and the ways in which users describe and evaluate sounds and their auditory environments in an urban pocket park. It draws on empirical data gathered in Parc du Portugal in Montreal, Canada using a mixed-methods research design that integrates ethnographic observations, on-site questionnaires, and behavioral mapping using a geo-spatial app to offer a situated understanding of the human auditory experience in its full complexity, with an emphasis on the mediating role of activity on the user-auditory environment relationship.

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