scholarly journals Country Evaluation for China’s Hydropower Investment in the Belt and Road Initiative Nations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8281
Author(s):  
Qian Luo ◽  
Guohua Fang ◽  
Jian Ye ◽  
Min Yan ◽  
Chengxuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Indicator System ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
Hydropower Industry

With the implementation of China’s “Going Out” strategy and “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) as well as the shortage of domestic hydropower market, the scale of hydropower investment along BRI by Chinese companies has expanded rapidly. However, these countries have great differences in politics, laws, economy, hydropower potential, social development and environmental constraints. Due to the inappropriate choice of countries for investment, many failure cases have also occurred. To specifically evaluate hydropower investment in these countries, this paper proposed a six-dimensional indicator system which can represents the characteristics of hydropower investment along BRI based on the analysis of the typical cases of overseas investment by Chinese enterprises. Furthermore, a fuzzy optimal model based on the Delphi-Entropy weight was constructed to evaluate the hydropower investment of 65 countries along BRI as well as a list of countries and corresponding investment grades are proposed. The result indicates that politics and hydropower industry factors are the key determinants of choosing the countries for conducting investment while legal, economic, social and environmental factors should also be covered. In conclusion, the optimal choices for China’s hydropower investment along BRI are Russia, Pakistan, Malaysia, Kazakhstan and Indonesia and the strategy has been given accordingly. Moreover the policy recommendations from the perspective of nation and enterprise level have also been proposed.

scholarly journals Electric Power Investment Risk Assessment for Belt and Road Initiative Nations

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahai Yuan ◽  
Yurong Zeng ◽  
Xiaoxuan Guo ◽  
Yu Ai ◽  
Minpeng Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Belt And Road

In recent years, Chinese companies’ investment in overseas electric power has grown rapidly. Chinese enterprises with matured technology and abundant talent in the field of electric power and electric power investment are becoming the focus of Chinese enterprise investment. However, just like any other energy investment, electric power investment has various potential risks, including economic risk, financial risk, social risk, political risk, electric power foreground risk, resource risk, and environmental risk. To specifically measure electric power investment risk, this article proposed a nine-dimensional indicator system for countries along China’s ‘Belt and Road Initiative’. Moreover, a fuzzy integrated evaluation model ground on the entropy weight was established to evaluate the electric power investment risk of 21 countries along China’s Belt and Road Initiative. The result of research shows that electric power foreground and Chinese factors have become the major underlying determinants of electric power investment risk, while coal power economy, renewable power economy, and political risk should also be attached enough attention when making investing decisions. In conclusion, the optimal choices for China’s electricity investment are determined after balancing electric power foreground and basic factors. After analyzing investment risks of various countries, this paper puts forward policy suggestions, which can help Chinese enterprises avoid electric power investment risks and improve investment efficiency.

scholarly journals Research on the Location Choice of Chinese Enterprises’ Overseas Investment under the Motivation for Seeking natural resources in Host Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Yuting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Location Choice ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

Since the “Belt and Road” initiative was put forward in 2013, China’s overseas investment has achieved rapid development. As a country with high energy consumption, China’s demand for the host country’s natural resources such as iron ore and fuel is increasing. The impact of motivation for seeking natural resources on the location choice of Chinese enterprises’ overseas investment has also received extensive attention. This paper selects the overseas investment records of Chinese companies in 40 countries from 2007 to 2017 as a sample. And this paper uses the conditional logit model to explore the impact of the host country’s natural resources on the location choice of Chinese enterprises’ overseas investment with different ownerships under the “Belt and Road” initiative. The study found that the natural resource endowment of the host country has a significant positive impact on the location choice of Chinese enterprises’ overseas investment. And it has a stronger promotion effect on the overseas investment of Chinese state-owned enterprises. The “Belt and Road” initiative has significantly improved the role of the host country’s natural resource endowment in the location choice of China’s non-state-owned enterprises’ overseas investment.

The Belt and Road Strategy in International Business and Administration

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-51
Author(s):  
Jianyu Chen ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Current Situation ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Performance Capacity ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Csr Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Along with the acceleration of “One Belt and One Road” CSR progress, more Chinese companies possess adequate CSR performance capacity and conditions. In this chapter, first, the basic concept of CSR has been briefly introduced and the overviews are mainly stated including the concept, development, and current situation under the Chinese backdrop. Second, the current development of CSR, risk of the CSR, and CSR strategies of Chinese enterprises under the backdrop of Belt and Road Initiative will be introduced. Third, the responsibility of CSR of state-owned enterprises under the backdrop of Belt and Road Initiatives will be mentioned with main reference of the social responsibility reports of state-owned enterprises as well as news reports. Fourth, classic case (China Communications Construction) will be used to analyze the CSR of Chinese enterprises under the backdrop of Belt and Road Initiatives.

scholarly journals Sharing the Spoils: Winners and Losers in the Belt and Road Initiative in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-404
Author(s):  
SiuSue Mark ◽  
Indra Overland ◽  
Roman Vakulchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

This article studies the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on economic actors in Myanmar. It hypothesizes that the BRI has strong transformative potential, because Chinese projects are likely to transform Myanmar’s economy on different scales and influence the allocation of economic benefits and losses for different actors. The study identifies economic actors in Myanmar who are likely to be most affected by BRI projects. It also discusses how BRI-related investments could affect the country’s complex conflict dynamics. The article concludes with policy recommendations for decision makers in Myanmar, China, and the international community for mitigating the BRI’s possible negative impacts. The analysis draws on secondary sources and primary data collection in the form of interviews with key actors in Hsipaw, Lashio, and Yangon, involved with and informed about the BRI in Myanmar at the local, regional, and national levels.

scholarly journals China’s Belt and Road Initiative and large-scale outbound investment

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Kunrong ◽  
Jin Gang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Institutional Differences ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Enterprise Investment ◽  
The Belt And Road

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively examine the influence of formal and informal institutional differences on enterprise investment margin, mode and result. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on 2,440 micro samples of large-scale outbound investment from 609 Chinese enterprises from the years 2005 to 2016. Findings The study has found that formal institutional differences have little impact on investment scale, but significantly affect investment diversification. In order to avoid the management risks brought by formal institutional differences, enterprises tend to a full ownership structure. However, the choice between greenfield investment and cross-border mergers and acquisitions is not affected by formal institutional differences. In contrast, the impact of informal institutional differences is more extensive. Both formal and informal institutional differences significantly increase the probability of investment failure. Further research found that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) bridges the formal institutional differences. Originality/value The study concludes that developing the BRI, especially cultural exchanges with countries alongside the Belt and Road, will help enterprises to “go global” faster and better.

scholarly journals Investigating Eco-Environmental Vulnerability for China–Pakistan Economic Corridor Key Sector Punjab Using Multi-Sources Geo-Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
Jinhu Bian ◽  
Ainong Li ◽  
Guangbin Lei ◽  
Xi Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indicator System ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Geospatial Database ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Belt And Road

China-Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC), a critical part of the Belt and Road initiative (BRI), is subjected to rapid infrastructure development, which may lead to potential eco-environmental vulnerability. This study uses multi-source geo-information, and the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)-based best–worst method (BWM) to quantify the baseline eco-environmental vulnerability of one key CPEC sector—the Punjab province. The Punjab province is an important connection between northern and southern CPEC routes in Pakistan. In this study, we have established an indicator system consisting of twenty-two influential factors in a geospatial database to conduct eco-environmental vulnerability analysis. The overall setup is supported by a geographic information system (GIS) to perform spatial analysis. The resulting map was categorized into five vulnerability levels: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The results revealed that the overall eco-environmental health of the Punjab province is reasonably good as 4.64% and 59.45% area of the key sector lies in ‘very low’ and ‘low’ vulnerability categories; however, there also exist highly vulnerable areas, particularly in the proximity of CPEC projects. Although high vulnerability areas constitute a very small percentage, only 0.08% of the Punjab province, still, decision-makers need to be aware of those regions and make corresponding protection strategies. Our study demonstrated that the MCDM-BWM-based EVA model could be effectively used to quantify vulnerability in other areas of CPEC. The findings of the study emphasize that management policies should be aligned with research-based recommendations for ecological protection, natural resource utilization, and sustainable development in regions participating in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

Belt and Road initiative meets Africa: Exploring the state of play, the implications and the imperative for complementarities of interests

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Collins C Ajibo
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Global Order ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Trade And Investment

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is expected to link the world to a gigantic trade and investment corridor, with China at the centre of the new multilateralism. Since its announcement in 2013, China has taken significant steps to actualise its vision through massive investment in infrastructure in the belt-road regions supported by Chinese financial institutions, including the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). Critics argue that BRI is a covert means for China to exert greater influence on the global trade and investment landscape but China has countered this. Nevertheless, emerging evidence indicates that, beyond the promotion of trade and investment, China is using BRI to export overcapacity, internationalise renminbi, promote cultural diplomacy, secure resources and redefine the global order. Hence, African countries stand in danger of neocolonialism unless they optimise the partnership with China to foster a win-win situation. In particular, African countries must recognise the significance of deft management of unsustainable Chinese loans that may entrap them in future, embedding more transparency in contract bidding for infrastructure investment, insisting on capacity building and skill spillovers and ensuring that transnational dispute settlement with Chinese enterprises is adjudicated in a neutral venue, if African courts lack the jurisdiction to entertain the matter.

scholarly journals The Cross-Culture Management of Chinese Enterprises in Poland Under the Belt and Road Initiative—Based on PEST Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Guiyu Dai ◽  
Yi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Cross Culture ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
The Road ◽  
Intercultural Communication Competence ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Belt And Road

“The Belt and Road Initiative” not only provides great opportunities but also poses enormous challenges to Chinese enterprises for further development. Along the Belt and the Road, there are different countries with unique culture characteristics, which will be the difficult challenges Chinese enterprises have to face in the overseas investment. The present study will combine PEST (Political, Economic, Social and Technological) model with Hofstede’s culture dimensions as the theoretical basis for analyzing the potential opportunities and challenges Chinese enterprises tend to confront in Poland. Based on a detailed analysis of the opportunities and challenges, this writing proposes three tentative cross-culture management strategies: (1) Investigating the local markets and identifying the culture differences; (2) Cultivating intercultural communication competence of the cross-culture employees; (3) Acculturating to the local society and making innovation based on culture fusion, which would be referential for Chinese enterprises to seek investment opportunities in the countries along the Belt and the Road.

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