scholarly journals Distribution Models of Timber Species for Forest Conservation and Restoration in the Andean-Amazonian Landscape, North of Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7945
Author(s):  
Dany A. Cotrina Sánchez ◽  
Elgar Barboza Castillo ◽  
Nilton B. Rojas Briceño ◽  
Manuel Oliva ◽  
Cristóbal Torres Guzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Regulatory Factor ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Conservation Plans

The Andean-Amazonian landscape has been universally recognized for its wide biodiversity, and is considered as global repository of ecosystem services. However, the severe loss of forest cover and rapid reduction of the timber species seriously threaten this ecosystem and biodiversity. In this study, we have modeled the distribution of the ten most exploited timber forest species in Amazonas (Peru) to identify priority areas for forest conservation and restoration. Statistical and cartographic protocols were applied with 4454 species records and 26 environmental variables using a Maximum Entropy model (MaxEnt). The result showed that the altitudinal variable was the main regulatory factor that significantly controls the distribution of the species. We found that nine species are distributed below 1000 m above sea level (a.s.l.), except Cedrela montana, which was distributed above 1500 m a.s.l., covering 40.68%. Eight of 10 species can coexist, and the species with the highest percentage of potential restoration area is Cedrela montana (14.57% from Amazonas). However, less than 1.33% of the Amazon has a potential distribution of some species and is protected under some category of conservation. Our study will contribute as a tool for the sustainable management of forests and will provide geographic information to complement forest restoration and conservation plans.

scholarly journals Habitat suitability for primate conservation in north-east Brazil

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-813
Author(s):  
Bárbara Moraes ◽  
Orly Razgour ◽  
João Pedro Souza-Alves ◽  
Jean P. Boubli ◽  
Bruna Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
North East

AbstractBrazil has a high diversity of primates, but increasing anthropogenic pressures and climate change could influence forest cover in the country and cause future changes in the distribution of primate populations. Here we aim to assess the long-term suitability of habitats for the conservation of three threatened Brazilian primates (Alouatta belzebul, Sapajus flavius and Sapajus libidinosus) through (1) estimating their current and future distributions using species distribution models, (2) evaluating how much of the areas projected to be suitable is represented within protected areas and priority areas for biodiversity conservation, and (3) assessing the extent of remaining forest cover in areas predicted to be suitable for these species. We found that 88% of the suitable areas are outside protected areas and only 24% are located in areas with forest cover. Although not within protected areas, 27% of the climatically suitable areas are considered priority areas for conservation. Future projections, considering a severe climate change scenario, indicate that A. belzebul, S. flavius and S. libidinosus may lose up to 94, 98 and 54% of their suitable range, respectively. The establishment of primate populations and their long-term survival in these areas are at risk. Mitigation actions such as the implementation of new protected areas, forest restoration and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will be essential for the conservation of Brazilian primates.

scholarly journals Mapping deforestation and forest degradation using CLASlite approach in Eastern Churia of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
S. Khanal ◽  
A. Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Field Sample ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Automated Technique ◽  
Spectral Mixture ◽  
Validation Of Results

Monitoring deforestation and forest degradation is essential for forest conservation and sustainable management. Those activities have become more relevant in order to get reference emission level required for Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) initiative. The study aimed to assess forest degradation and deforestation in the Churia region of Eastern Nepal using CLASlite approach. This approach is based on Spectral Mixture Analysis and provides highly automated technique for forest cover, deforestation and forest degradation mapping. The Landsat imageries of 2002 and 2013 were processed for estimation of deforestation and forest degradation. The validation of results based on the high-resolution multi-temporal Google Earth imageries and the field sample plots indicated that CLASlite approach could be feasible approach to monitor forests for deforestation and degradation. The results can be further improved by including more frequent time-series observation from Landsat.Banko JanakariA Journal of Forestry Information for NepalVol. 26, No. 1, Page: 17-23, 2016

scholarly journals Lessons Learned from the Water Producer Project in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo A. G. Viani ◽  
Henrique Bracale ◽  
Denise Taffarello
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Forest Recovery

Forest and landscape restoration (FLR) is a powerful strategy for large-scale tropical forest recovery, and payment for ecosystem services (PES) is used to support FLR programs and projects on privately-owned land. In this article, we discuss the lessons learned from the Water Producer Project, a pioneer, multiple-stakeholder, and PES-supported FLR project in the Atlantic Forest, south-eastern Brazil. The project was implemented in four landscapes located in two municipalities. Altogether, 41 PES contracts with landowners were signed, resulting in various FLR practices being implemented in a total of 342.4 ha (64.2 ha for riparian forest restoration, 90.8 ha for soil conservation, and 187.4 for forest conservation) of land, which represents 39% of the project goal. As of the end of the project, only 50% (USD 49,250) of the available PES funds had been spent. However, funds spent on project planning, implementation, communication, and monitoring were 12 times greater than those spent on PES. Several challenges restricted the progress and monitoring of the project. The main issue was landowner participation and/or engagement. In terms of lessons learned, we highlight that PES schemes are more complex than initially thought, and that sufficient funding does not guarantee the success of FLR projects. It is essential to promote landowner participation and engagement by considering them key players in FLR projects. Finally, acceptance from landowners was higher and implementation was easier for forest conservation practices that required no land-use changes. Thus, we suggest that similar future projects should focus on targeting private properties in marginal agricultural lands with a high probability of natural regeneration. Alternatively, future projects could focus on lands with remnant forest cover of high conservation value.

Tree regeneration in active and passive cloud forest restoration: Functional groups and timber species

2021 ◽  
Vol 489 ◽  
pp. 119050
Author(s):  
Tarin Toledo-Aceves ◽  
Alma L. Trujillo-Miranda ◽  
Fabiola López-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Timber Species

scholarly journals Biogeographic Distribution of Cedrela spp. Genus in Peru Using MaxEnt Modeling: A Conservation and Restoration Approach

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Alexander Cotrina Sánchez ◽  
Nilton B. Rojas Briceño ◽  
Subhajit Bandopadhyay ◽  
Subhasis Ghosh ◽  
Cristóbal Torres Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
National Service ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Probability Of Occurrence ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Population Sizes

The increasing demand for tropical timber from natural forests has reduced the population sizes of native species such as Cedrela spp. because of their high economic value. To prevent the decline of population sizes of the species, all Cedrela species have been incorporated into Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The study presents information about the modeled distribution of the genus Cedrela in Peru that aims to identify potential habitat distribution of the genus, its availability in areas protected by national service of protected areas, and highlighted some areas because of their conservation relevance and the potential need for restoration. We modeled the distribution of the genus Cedrela in Peru using 947 occurrence records that included 10 species (C. odorata, C. montana, C. fissilis, C. longipetiolulata, C. angustifolia, C. nebulosa, C. kuelapensis, C. saltensis, C. weberbaueri, and C. molinensis). We aim to identify areas environmentally suitable for the occurrence of Cedrela that are legally protected by the National Service of Protected Areas (PAs) and those that are ideal for research and restoration projects. We used various environmental variables (19 bioclimatic variables, 3 topographic factors, 9 edaphic factors, solar radiation, and relative humidity) and the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) to predict the probability of occurrence. We observed that 6.7% (86,916.2 km2) of Peru presents a high distribution probability of occurrence of Cedrela, distributed in 17 departments, with 4.4% (10,171.03 km2) of the area protected by PAs mainly under the category of protection forests. Another 11.65% (21,345.16 km2) of distribution covers areas highly prone to degradation, distributed mainly in the departments Ucayali, Loreto, and Madre de Dios, and needs immediate attention for its protection and restoration. We believe that the study will contribute significantly to conserve Cedrela and other endangered species, as well as to promote the sustainable use and management of timber species as a whole.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Protected Areas in the Pan-Tropics and International Aid for Conservation

Geomatics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Do-Hyung Kim ◽  
Anupam Anand
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Forest Cover Change ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
The Tropics

Evaluation of the effectiveness of protected areas is critical for forest conservation policies and priorities. We used 30 m resolution forest cover change data from 1990 to 2010 for ~4000 protected areas to evaluate their effectiveness. Our results show that protected areas in the tropics avoided 83,500 ± 21,200 km2 of deforestation during the 2000s. Brazil’s protected areas have the largest amount of avoided deforestation at 50,000 km2. We also show the amount of international aid received by tropical countries compared to the effectiveness of protected areas. Thirty-four tropical countries received USD 42 billion during the 1990s and USD 62 billion during the 2000s in international aid for biodiversity conservation. The effectiveness of international aid was highest in Latin America, with 4.3 m2/USD, led by Brazil, while tropical Asian countries showed the lowest average effect of international aid, reaching only 0.17 m2/USD.

scholarly journals Mexican agricultural frontier communities differ in forest dynamics with consequences for conservation and restoration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon Lohbeck ◽  
Ben DeVries ◽  
Frans Bongers ◽  
Miguel Martinez-Ramos ◽  
Armando Navarrete-Segueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Agricultural Frontier ◽  
Forest Regrowth ◽  
Land Availability

Forest regrowth is key to achieve restoration commitments, but we need to better understand under what circumstances it takes place and how long secondary forests persist. We studied a recently colonized agricultural frontier in southern Mexico. We quantified the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest loss and regrowth and tested how temporal variation in climate, and spatial variation in land availability, land quality and accessibility affect forest disturbance, regrowth and secondary forest persistence. Marqués de Comillas consistently exhibits more forest loss than regrowth, resulting in a net decrease of 30% forest cover (1991-2016). Secondary forest cover remained relatively constant while secondary forest persistence increased, suggesting that farmers are moving away from shifting cultivation. Temporal variation in disturbance and regrowth were explained by the annual variation in the Oceanic El Niño index combined with dry season rainfall and key policy and market interventions.Across communities the availability of high-quality soil overrules the effects of land availability and accessibility, but that at the pixel-level all three factors contributed to explaining forest conservation and restoration. Communities with more high-quality soils were able to spare land for forest conservation, and had less secondary forest that persisted for longer. Old forest and secondary forests were better represented on low-quality lands and on communal land. Both old and secondary forest were less common close to the main road, where secondary forests were also less persistent. Forest conservation and restoration can be explained by a complex interplay of biophysical and social drivers across time, space and scale. We warrant that stimulating private land ownership may cause remaining forest patches to be lost and that conservation initiatives should benefit the whole community. Forest regrowth and secondary forest persistence competes with agricultural production and ensuring farmers can access restoration benefits is key to success.

scholarly journals Analisis Manfaat Ekonomi Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Syarif Hasyim Pekanbaru

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Muhibbin Annas ◽  
Suardi Tarumun ◽  
Tengku Nurhidayah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Plot Sampling ◽  
Carbon Saturation

The aims of these research are ; 1) to analyze the economic value of Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Syarif Hasyim, consist of : log value, carbon value and reducing soil erosion value. 2) to analyze some alternatives policies to meet the sustainable management of Tahura Sultan Syarif Hasyim, Pekanbaru. The research was held on Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Syarif Hasyim, Pekanbaru from August to November 2014. The methode of research is survey and the analysist methode is descriptive kuantitative analysist. The primary data are collected with line plot sampling and soil sampling. The results show that the economic value of 2,412 ha (the remaining Tahura area covered by forest) are: log value IDR 2,434,799,820.00 year-1, carbon value IDR 18,718,898,525.19 year-1 consist: carbon sink value IDR 5,919,446,552.45 year-1 and carbon saturation value IDR 12,799,451,972.74 year-1. The reducing erosion value IDR 83,349,849,057.00 year-1. To optimalize the economic value, the policies are: 1) To restore the Tahura area directly into conservation forest with forest cover. 2) To restore the Tahura area gradually into conservation forest with forest cover and 3) To restore Tahura by collaborating management.

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