scholarly journals Hardiness and Coping Strategies as Mediators of Stress and Secondary Trauma in Emergency Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monia Vagni ◽  
Tiziana Maiorano ◽  
Valeria Giostra ◽  
Daniela Pajardi
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Secondary Trauma ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Rescue Workers ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Emergency Workers ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The work environment of emergency workers is an important factor related to stress. Coping with the COVID-19 emergency is a factor that is highly related to stress, and severe stress is a risk factor for developing secondary trauma. Coping and resilience can help rescue workers to better respond in emergency situations and could protect them from secondary trauma. We aimed to explore the relationship of emergency stress, hardiness, coping strategies, and secondary trauma among emergency workers and the mediating roles of coping strategies and hardiness on the effect of stress in producing secondary trauma. The study involved 513 emergency workers from the Red Cross Committee in Veneto, one of the Italian regions most affected by the COVID-19. Participants completed questionnaires online to measure emergency stress (physical, emotional, cognitive, organizational‒relational, COVID-19, and inefficacy decisional), hardiness, coping strategies, and secondary trauma. Other variables analyzed were age, gender, weekly hours of service, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). We performed t-tests, a correlational analysis, regressions, and a mediation analysis. Hardiness and coping strategies, in particular, which stop unpleasant emotions and thoughts and problem-focused, emerged as mediators in reducing the predicted effect of stress on secondary trauma. The mediating effects of hardiness and coping strategies were found to reduce the effect of stress on arousal by 15% and the effect on avoidance by 25%.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Risk Factors and Protective Role of Resilience and Coping Strategies for Emergency Stress and Secondary Trauma in Medical Staff and Emergency Workers—An Online-Based Inquiry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Maiorano ◽  
Monia Vagni ◽  
Valeria Giostra ◽  
Daniela Pajardi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Secondary Trauma ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Emergency Workers ◽  
And Coping

The COVID-19 crisis has placed a heavy burden on medical staff and emergency workers, who may be at risk of developing psychological distress and secondary trauma. Coping and resilience to stress during a pandemic are protective factors that can mitigate the potential adverse psychological effects. Here, we investigated the direct and mediated effects of coping strategies and hardiness on secondary trauma among Italian medical staff (physicians and nurses, n = 140) and emergency workers (firefighters, civil protection, and ambulance personnel, n = 100) involved in the first phase of the pandemic. For this purpose, we collected data from participants through online questionnaires to measure emergency stress, coping strategies, hardiness, and secondary trauma. Other variables analyzed were age, sex, direct contact with COVID-19 patients, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). We performed a correlational analysis, regressions, and a mediation analysis. The results show that nurses and physicians experienced higher levels of emergency stress than emergency workers. Direct contact with COVID-19 patients, female sex, unexpected events, and lack of PPE were risk factors for emergency stress, while resilience and coping strategies played a protective role. Mediation analysis shows that coping strategies and hardiness are protective factors and reduce the effect of stress on secondary trauma.

scholarly journals Personal Accomplishment and Hardiness in Reducing Emergency Stress and Burnout among COVID-19 Emergency Workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9071
Author(s):  
Monia Vagni ◽  
Valeria Giostra ◽  
Tiziana Maiorano ◽  
Giuliano Santaniello ◽  
Daniela Pajardi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Emergency Workers ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
High Stress Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

During the severe phase of the pandemic, COVID-19 emergency workers were engaged in long and numerous shifts of duty, resulting in exposure to various stress factors. A high stress level is associated with risk of burnout. Resilience and personal accomplishment can effectively help mitigate and reduce emergency stress levels and emotional exhaustion. The main aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of emergency stress and hardiness with burnout among emergency workers. The participants included 494 emergency volunteers from the Red Cross Committee in Veneto, Italy, engaged in various health, emergency, and social activities aimed at COVID-19 patients and people at risk of contracting the virus. Questionnaires used to measure emergency stress, hardiness and burnout were administered on an online platform. We analyzed the influence of age, sex, weekly hours of service, stress risk factors, and use of personal protective equipment. To verify the predictive effects of risk and protective factors on burnout, correlational and multivariate analyses, and regressions were conducted. Hardiness showed an effect in reducing emergency stress levels, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization and simultaneously increased personal accomplishment.

scholarly journals The Economic Pressure and Coping Strategy of the Family of Cash Conditional Transfer Recipients

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Megawati Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Economic Pressure ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Total Family Income ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Cash Conditional Transfer (CCT) or Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) is one of the attempts of  Indonesian government to alleviate poverty. This study conducted in eight villages in Dramaga District, Bogor Regency for six months. This study aimed to analyze the difference of economic pressure and families coping strategies of economic functions between pre and post the family got CCT’s funds and to analyze the relationship of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, economic pressure and coping strategies of economic functions. By using systematic random sampling, this study produced 150 samples. Family size, amount of debt, the ratio of debt and assets, and economic pressure significantly and positively correlated with the total coping strategies both in pre and post-CCT. On the other hand, the total coping strategies both in the pre and post-CCT also significantly and negatively correlated with the level education of wives. In addition, the husbands and wives age significantly and positively related to the coping strategies during post CCT, while the total family income correlated significantly and negatively.</p>

The Relationship of Coping with Motor ability, Set Shifting ability, Visuo constructive and Visual Memory among Males with HIV/AIDS in Manipur

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nongmeikapam Premika Devi
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

The present study attempts to examine the relationship of neuropsychological function and coping strategies used by males with HIV/AIDS in Manipur. Study had been done on 100 males who were HIV/AIDS positive and who were within age range of 20 to 50 years using NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery and Coping Check List. The present study reveals that there is no relationship of coping strategies with motor ability, set shifting ability, spatial relations and visual memory in males with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Exploring Depression and Coping Strategies among the Widowed and Divorced Working Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Meera Manjul ◽  
Rajender K. Premi
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Correlational Analysis ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present investigation was designed to explore the prevalence of depression among single married working women (widow and divorced) to see the relationship between tribal and non-tribal with special focus on their coping strategies. The data was collected from 100 widowed and divorced women (50=divorced; 50=widows). In both the groups of women, 25 were tribal and non-tribal women in each group. The correlational analysis was done to find out the relationship of depression, and coping strategies between the above mentioned groups. The results also indicate that depression is significantly higher among widow than the divorced participants both in case of tribal and non-tribal than the divorce tribal and non-tribal and as well the coping style is significantly better and effective in case of divorced tribal and non-tribal than the widow tribal and non-tribal. Therefore, the results indicate that better the coping style lower the depression.

scholarly journals SELF-EFFICACY AND COPING BEHAVIOUR OF STUDENTS DURING THEIR STUDIES AT A UNIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina A. Umanskaya ◽  
Valeriy V. Golubev
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Personality Characteristic ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Coping Behaviour ◽  
The One ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the problem of the relationship of personality self-effi cacy and coping behaviour among university students. The authors demonstrate topicality of considering the aspect of coping with life diffi culties among students in connection with the high requirements of society for future professionals, on the one hand, and the high psychological load in the learning process, which leads to stress, on the other hand. Researchers consider self-effi cacy as a resource for coping with stress, and as a personality characteristic that depends on the success of solving diffi cult problems. The study was aimed at solving several problems: comparing the level of general self-effi cacy, self-effi cacy in activities and in the fi eld of communication among students of different courses; identifi cation of the relationship between the level of self-effi cacy and coping strategies in stressful situations for students of different courses (this is the main hypothesis of the study). As a result, the relationship between self-effi cacy and such coping strategies as self-monitoring and activity planning, as well as a strategy for avoiding diffi culties, is shown. However, the assumption that the level of self-effi cacy increases and the choice of coping strategies varies signifi cantly from course to course has not been confi rmed. There is also no connection with sociopsychological adaptation.

scholarly journals The relationship between the level of resilience and coping strategies of young people living in the Republic of Tyva

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Syrga M. Mombey-ool
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Difficult Situations

This article deals with the problem of the relationship of resilience with the coping behaviour of young people. It justifies the idea that the adaptability and maladaptivity of coping strategies is related to the viability of the individual. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the coping repertoire of girls and young men with different levels of resilience. The interrelation of types of response to difficulties with the level of resilience is proved. The author comes to the conclusion that resilience involves a wide range of types of response, greater flexibility and ability to adapt behaviour to different situations. The article summarises some of the results of studying adaptive, non-adaptive andrelatively adaptive strategies depending on the level of viability and gender of the subjects. The specificity of communication between different types of coping strategies caused by difficult situations and the level of resilience in men and women from 18 to 35 years of age is discussed.

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