scholarly journals Evaluation of the Management Effectiveness of German National Parks—Experiences, Results, Lessons Learned and Future Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7135
Author(s):  
Stefan Heiland ◽  
Anja May ◽  
Volker Scherfose
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Positive Effects

Since 2005 until today, experience has been gained in the preparation, implementation and impacts of the evaluation of the management effectiveness of German national parks. This process began with the development of a quality set containing fields of action, criteria, standards and a questionnaire to assess the state of national park management. This quality set was applied in the first voluntary full evaluation of German national parks, which took place from 2009 to 2012. An assessment of the full evaluation and the following interim evaluation (2015–2018) demonstrated the positive effects of the evaluation for the national parks, but also revealed some weaknesses of the quality set and the evaluation process. For this reason, work has been underway since 2019 to further improve the evaluation method; however, this has not yet been completed. The article provides an overview of the entire process. It concludes with considerations on the transferability of the evaluation method to other countries and gives some recommendations as to the most important aspects to be considered when evaluating the management effectiveness of national parks.

scholarly journals Partnerships and Stakeholder Participation in the Management of National Parks: Experiences of the Gonarezhou National Park in Zimbabwe

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Walter Musakwa ◽  
Trynos Gumbo ◽  
Gaynor Paradza ◽  
Ephraim Mpofu ◽  
Nesisa Analisa Nyathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Parks Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

National parks play an important role in maintaining natural ecosystems which are important sources of income and livelihood sustenance. Most national parks in Southern Africa are managed by their states. Before 2007, Gonarezhou National Park was managed by the Zimbabwe Parks Management and Wildlife Authority, which faced challenges in maintaining its biodiversity, community relations and infrastructure. However, in 2017 the Frankfurt Zoological Society and the Zimbabwe Parks Management and Wildlife Authority formed an innovative partnership under the Gonarezhou Conservation Trust (GCT). This study examines the relationship between GCT management, Gonarezhou National Park stakeholders and communities as well as the impact of the relationship on biodiversity and ecosystems. The study also highlights challenges faced and lessons learned in managing Gonarezhou as a protected area. To obtain the information, key informant interviews, Landsat satellite imagery, secondary data from previous studies and government sources were utilized. The results indicate that the concerted efforts of the Gonarezhou Conservation Trust to manage the park are starting to bear fruit in improving biodiversity conservation, ecosystem management and engaging communities. However, challenges such as governance obstacles, problematic stakeholder management, maintaining trust in community relations, ensuring sustainability, managing the adverse impacts of climate change and human-wildlife conflicts must still be navigated to ensure the park’s sustainable management. Notwithstanding challenges, we argue that a partnership arrangement such as the Gonarezhou Conservation Trust is a desirable model that can be applied in national parks in Zimbabwe and Africa for better biodiversity management and tourism.

Co-management and the creation of national parks in Indonesia: positive lessons learned from the Togean Islands National Park

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1183-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Indrawan ◽  
Celia Lowe ◽  
Sundjaya ◽  
Christo Hutabarat ◽  
Aubrey Black
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Creation

scholarly journals Developing Co-management for Conservation and Local Development in China’s National Parks: Findings from Focus Groups in the Sanjiangyuan Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ma ◽  
Brent Swallow ◽  
J. Marc Foggin ◽  
Linsheng Zhong ◽  
Weiguo Sang
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
The People ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
National Park System

Abstract Environmental protection in China has progressed significantly in the past decades, including introduction of more collaborative approaches in the management of protected areas and the establishment of a new national park system. Many milestones have been achieved. While such developments are driven largely by national and global goals, the people who are most affected are those who reside in the protected landscapes. A range of strategies have been proposed and tried in relation to local development, with many important lessons learned, yet little has been heard to date directly from the community stakeholders themselves. In this study we report on feedback and recommendations received from focus groups in vicinity of China’s first national park, Sanjiangyuan, regarding lived experiences of “community co-management” by Tibetan herders and local officials. Overall, the most recent National Park model is deemed successful, albeit with some notable perceived limitations. Focus group participants recommend more balanced compensation opportunities including for communities living outside but in close proximity to the paranagement and health care) and establishing a more effective compensation or insurance system to offset econok, eased restrictions on ecotourism, provision of public services for communities in the park (especially waste mmic losses due to wildlife damage.

The Importance of Adjusting for Trip Purpose in Regional Economic Analyses of Tourist Destinations

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Loomis ◽  
Lynne Caughlan
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Trip Purpose ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Town

This paper investigates the empirical importance of distinguishing visitors and their expenditures by trip purpose when estimating the tourism effects of a national park on a local economy. Accounting for trip purpose is quite important when there are two or more nearby major attractions in the same geographical area. This applies to the author's case study of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks in the State of Wyoming, and also to other areas, such as the State of Utah's Bryce and Zion National Parks or amusement parks in the Orlando area in Florida. The authors illustrate the various types of survey questions and methods for correcting for trip purpose. In the case study, it would be quite misleading to attribute all spending by visitors to Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) in the town of Jackson, Wyoming, solely to GTNP because this would overstate employment actually attributable to the park by 3,455 jobs, or 22%. In turn, this overestimates the dependence of jobs in the Jackson economy on GTNP by 15%, incorrectly estimating it at 75% rather than the sounder figure of 60% of total jobs.

scholarly journals A Big Battle: The State vs. Indigenous People (Case Study in Jambi Province)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
M. Yusuf ◽  
Syafrial Syafrial
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Park Management ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Protection Area

The change in designation of Bukit Duabelas area into Bukit Duabelas National Park in Jambi province raises a conflict between the national park official who was ruling the zonation system in the national park and the Orang Rimba people who have lived there for many years. The decision of the protected area aims to preserve the life and culture of Orang Rimba. However, zoning rules in the field are interpreted as an effort to limit space and access to the forest resources for Orang Rimba who have traditionally utilized them. This research uses a case study approach to explore the dynamics of conflict on the protected area. The results of the study show that conflicts in national park management are very dynamic because of shifting disagreement about the protection area. The conflicts began with debates about the zoning system which led into the fight for access to the park resources which were contested over the concept of national parks and customary forests. This paper argues the battle over the national park was not only about contested natural resources but also was a fight for authority and power between the state and indigenous people over the concept of park management.

scholarly journals The state evaluation method of distribution switch cabinet based on improved matter-element extension

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
YuTao Sun ◽  
Jianbo Song ◽  
Heng Guo ◽  
Li Song ◽  
Jiahui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Extension Method ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Evaluation ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Actual Evaluation

In this paper, a matter-element extenics method is adopted to combine the information of each layer and each eigenvalue, so as to realize the evaluation of the current state of switch cabinet. The calculation of correlation degree is improved in the traditional matter-element extenics method. And the actual evaluation effect is optimized. This paper illustrates the evaluation process with practical examples, and compares the current evaluation results with the actual status of switch cabinets and the evaluation results obtained by traditional matter-element extension method. They proved the advance and effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the village conservation model program in Mount Rinjani National Park using institutional sustainability principles

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012070
Author(s):  
Andi Chairil Ichsan ◽  
Hairil Anwar ◽  
Irwan Mahakam Lesmono Aji ◽  
Kornelia Webliana ◽  
Indra Gumay Febryano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Model Program ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Institutional Sustainability ◽  
Conservation Model ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Sustainability Principles ◽  
The Village

Abstract Conservation Village Model (MDK) is one form of institution since it contains various mechanisms and rules to ensure the operationalization of activities in the field. In this regard, the evaluation process plays a substantial role in ensuring the sustainability of MDK institutions. Thus, studies related to institutional performance are crucial to describe the conditions of MDK implementation in TNGR based on the principles of institutional sustainability. This research was done between April and July 2016, focusing on two villages (i.e. Santong Village and Pesangrahan Village) that have been designated by the Mount Rinjani National Park Office as recipients of the conservation village model program. The analytical tool used to evaluate institutional performance refers to the eight principles of sustainable institutional. The results showed that the implementation of MDK in Mount Rinjani National Park had a low institutional performance. Several facts revealed in this study indicate that so far, the implementation of MDK in TNGR has not accommodated several sustainable institutional principles. These include the absence of mechanisms that regulate the clarity of community access to the use of national parks, differences in program interventions with community preferences, and the absence of mechanisms on benefit cost-sharing and dispute resolution at the operational level.

scholarly journals A Study of Backcountry use within Yellowstone National Park

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 131-133
Author(s):  
Clynn Phillips ◽  
John Eastwood ◽  
Lyman McDonald
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Similar Increase ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Park Use ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wilderness Areas

Records of backcountry use in Yellowstone National Park indicate that use increased from 16,767 backcountry camper nights in 1971 to 33,297 backcountry camper nights in 1974, a doubling in three years (1). A similar increase was recorded in Grand Teton National Park. Use of wilderness areas in the state by backpackers has increased also, but not at the rate of increase that applies to the two National Parks.

The Crisis of National Parks in the 1990s

2020 ◽  
pp. 225-248
Author(s):  
Alan D. Roe
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
International Support ◽  
International Ngos ◽  
Nature Park

This chapter takes a broad view of the state of Russia’s national parks in the 1990s by looking at three case studies—Meshcherskii National Park, the proposed Beringia International Park, and Nalychevo Nature Park—and the broader discourse about national parks among Russian environmentalists. Park supporters knew that state support for park development would be difficult in the wake of the USSR’s collapse, but they initially believed that Yeltsin and the new government would become still more responsive to environmental concerns. Moreover, they now felt more connected than ever to Western colleagues and hoped that support from international NGOs and organizations might help develop parks until the state could undertake this independently. However, by the end of the decade, Russian park supporters realized that international support was no panacea and were increasingly convinced that their Russian government had little interest in national parks or environmental protection.

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