scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Training with Different Pyramid Systems on Bioimpedance Vector Patterns, Body Composition, and Cellular Health in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro dos Santos ◽  
Alex S. Ribeiro ◽  
Luís A. Gobbo ◽  
João Pedro Nunes ◽  
Paolo M. Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Bioimpedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Impedance Vector ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) have been widely used to monitor changes in health-related parameters in older adults, while resistance training (RT) is one of the potential strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of aging. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the crescent pyramid RT system with two repetition zones on BIVA patterns and PhA. Fifty-five older women (≥60 years) were randomly assigned into three groups: control (CON, n = 18), narrow pyramid (NPR, n = 19), and wide pyramid (WPR, n = 18). The RT was performed for eight weeks, three times per week, in eight exercises for the whole body with three sets of 12/10/8 (NPR) or 15/10/5 repetitions (WPR). Bioimpedance spectroscopy (50 kHz frequency) was assessed. After the intervention period, both training groups showed significant changes in BIVA patterns compared to CON (p < 0.001); resistance decreased and reactance increased, which resulted in a BIVA-vector displacement over time (p < 0.001). Changes in PhA were greater for WPR (∆% = 10.6; effect size [ES] = 0.64) compared to NPR (∆% = 5.3; ES = 0.41) and CON (∆% = −6.4; ES = −0.40). The results suggest that the crescent pyramid RT system with both repetition zones (WPR and NPR) is effective for inducing improvements in BIVA patterns and PhA in older women, although WPR elicits greater increases in PhA than NPR.

Resistance Training Improves a Cellular Health Parameter in Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2996-3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex S. Ribeiro ◽  
Brad J. Schoenfeld ◽  
Leandro Dos Santos ◽  
João Pedro Nunes ◽  
Crisieli M. Tomeleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Resistance Exercise Training on Cognition and Brain Volume in Older Women: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 745-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Best ◽  
Bryan K. Chiu ◽  
Chun Liang Hsu ◽  
Lindsay S. Nagamatsu ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Randomized Controlled

AbstractAerobic exercise training has been shown to attenuate cognitive decline and reduce brain atrophy with advancing age. The extent to which resistance exercise training improves cognition and prevents brain atrophy is less known, and few studies include long-term follow-up cognitive and neuroimaging assessments. We report data from a randomized controlled trial of 155 older women, who engaged in 52 weeks of resistance training (either once- or twice-weekly) or balance-and-toning (twice-weekly). Executive functioning and memory were assessed at baseline, 1-year follow-up (i.e., immediately post-intervention), and 2-year follow-up. A subset underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at those time points. At 2-year follow-up, both frequencies of resistance training promoted executive function compared to balance-and-toning (standardized difference [d]=.31–.48). Additionally, twice-weekly resistance training promoted memory (d=.45), reduced cortical white matter atrophy (d=.45), and increased peak muscle power (d=.27) at 2-year follow-up relative to balance-and-toning. These effects were independent of one another. These findings suggest resistance training may have a long-term impact on cognition and white matter volume in older women. (JINS, 2015,21, 745–756)

scholarly journals Effects of Pyramid Resistance-Training System with Different Repetition Zones on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6115
Author(s):  
Leandro dos Santos ◽  
Alex S. Ribeiro ◽  
João Pedro Nunes ◽  
Crisieli M. Tomeleri ◽  
Hellen C. G. Nabuco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Training System ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Significant Group

This study analyzed the effects of the pyramidal resistance training (RT) system with two repetition zones on cardiovascular risk factors in older women (≥60 years old). Fifty-nine older women were randomly assigned in three groups: non-exercise control (CON, n = 19), narrow-pyramid system (NPR, n = 20), and wide-pyramid system (WPR, n = 20). Training was performed for eight weeks (eight exercises for the whole-body, 3x/week) in which NPR and WPR performed three sets of 12/10/8 and 15/10/5 repetitions, respectively. Regional body fat was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and blood parameters related to glycemic, lipid, and inflammatory profiles were assessed. After the training period, although no difference was observed for the magnitude of the changes between NPR and WPR, significant group by time interactions indicated benefits with RT compared to CON for reducing body fat (mainly android body fat; −7%) and improving glucose, HDL-C, LDL-C and C-reactive protein (p < 0.05). Composite z-score of cardiovascular risk, created by the average of the intervention effects on the outcomes, indicate similar responses between NPR and WPR, differing from CON (p < 0.001). Results indicate that both the repetition zones of the pyramidal RT reduced similarly the cardiovascular risk in older women.

scholarly journals Pilates versus resistance training on trunk strength and balance adaptations in older women: a randomized controlled trial

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7948 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Carrasco-Poyatos ◽  
Domingo J. Ramos-Campo ◽  
Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Isometric Extension ◽  
Core Strength ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background The neuromuscular decline impact in the functional independence of older women is determining the necessity of implementing new strategies focused on core strength training and postural stability maintenance to promote healthy aging. Objectives To define whether Pilates or resistance training is better at improving (a) core isometric and isokinetic muscular strength, and (b) static and dynamic balance, in older women. Methods This was a cluster randomized controlled trial. Physically independent older women (60–80 years) from day centers were randomly allocated to Pilates, Muscular and Control Groups (PG, MG and CG) using a block randomization method. Only the research staff performing the assessment and statistical analysis were blinded. Exercise groups trained twice a week (1 h per session) for 18 weeks in a moderate-to-vigorous intensity. Core strength (primary outcome): trunk and hip isometric and hip isokinetic muscular strength (Biodex System III Pro Isokinetic Dynamometer), alongside one leg static balance (portable force platform Kistler 9286AA) and dynamic balance (timed up and go (TUG)) were assessed. Results A total of 60 participants were randomized (PG, n = 20; MG, n = 20; CG, n = 20) and 49 completed the trial (PG, n = 16; MG, n = 19; CG, n = 14). Regarding hip isometric extension strength, PG was statistically better than CG (P = 0.004). There were no differences between groups regarding isokinetic strength or balance. Intra-group comparisons showed significant improvements (P < 0.05) in the dynamic balance and trunk and hip isometric extension strength for PG and MG, whereas every hip isokinetic measurement was improved in MG. Exercise programs did not produce any adverse event. Conclusions The Pilates training program was more effective for improving isometric hip and trunk extension strength, while the Muscular training program generated greater benefits on trunk and hip isokinetic strength. Moreover, both training programs showed moderate effects for the TUG. Clinical Trial Registration The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02506491).

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